Module 3 Hematopoietic System Flashcards
What is a leukocyte?
White blood cell
What is a erythrocyte?
Red blood cell
What is a thrombocyte?
Platelet
The nurse is caring for a patient dx with neutropenia. What is the priority nursing concern for this patient?
Neutropenia places a patient at a high risk for infection. This patient should be taught infection prevention measures such as hand washing and avoiding individuals with known infections. If the neutrophil counts are low enough the patient should be advised to wear a mask in public spaces.
A patient has recently been diagnosed with thrombocytopenia as an adverse effect of a medication. The nurse understands that the priory concern in any patient with thrombocytopenia is?
The nurse should understand that the priority concern in all thrombocytopenia patients is the high risk for bleeding. Remember that in thrombocytopenia a patient has a very low number of platelets. Therefore the patient cannot clot effectively. Therefore the nurse would advise the patient to avoid potential activities that place the patient at a high risk for bleeding.
A client’s laboratory tests indicate thrombocytosis. What is the priority concern in thrombocytosis?
The nurse should understand that thrombocytosis means there is an elevated number of platelet in circulation. Remember platelets are used by the body to clot and typically only comprise approximately 1% of the body’s blood components. Therefore an excessive number of platelets place a client at a very high risk of blood clots.
What form of immunity is transferred from another source?
Passive immunity
A patient reports symptoms of nasal congestion, sneezing, and coughing when they are around cats. This is an example of a __________ hypersensitivity reaction.
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
There is a cure for HIV and AIDS. (True or false)
False. At this time there is no cure for HIV/AIDS.
The nurse understands that hemostasis is essential in all individuals. List the stages of hemostasis and the cell type responsible for hemostasis.
The stages of hemostasis are vessel vasoconstriction, formation of platelet plug, development of clot, clot retraction, and clot dissolution. The cell type responsible for hemostasis is the platelet.
The nurse understands that coumadin takes approximately 2 to 3 days to become effective. The nurse knows that coumadin places a client at risk for bleeding complications and the antidote for coumadin in this situation is _________.
The antidote for coumadin is vitamin K.
The nurse understands that infants are at risk for vitamin K deficiency. Explain why an infant is at high risk for this deficiency and therefore should be given a vitamin K injection following birth.
The infant does not have the gut flora established in the GI tract that is necessary for the synthesis of vitamin K and absorption of vitamin K from the GI tract. This places the infant at high risk for bleeding because vitamin K is necessary in the synthesis of clotting factors. Therefore if we give an infant by mouth vitamin K it will not be absorbed. This is why the infant must have a vitamin K injection.
In a client with DIC what symptoms will the patient experience simultaneously?
DIC will result in the client experiencing both bleeding and clotting simultaneously.
The nurse understands that hemorrhaging in DIC is the result of?
In DIC a client will have excessive clotting to the point that all clotting factors are used in the body. Since there will then be no clotting factors left the patient will begin to hemorrhage.
What symptoms would the nurse anticipate in a client dx with DIC?
The nurse should anticipate that the client will have petechiae, purpura, excessive bleeding from any wound, excessive bleeding from IV or catheter insertion, and excessive widespread clotting.
