MODULE 3 (DISPENSING)

Question 1

Drugs bound to plasma proteins are considered:a. pharmacologically activeb. pharmacologically inactivec. free drugsd. bioavailable drugs

Answer 1

pharmacologically inactive

Question 2

Alkaline salts like potassium penicillin when placed in an acidic solution can result in:a. conversion into free acidb. precipitation of penicillinc. insolubilityd. all of the above

Answer 2

all of the above

Question 3

In metabolizing a standard dose of INH, Filipinos are considered:a. fast acetylatorsb. slow acetylatorsc. neither slow or fastd. same as the Caucasians

Answer 3

fast acetylators

Question 4

The following are true regarding incompatibilities except:a. problems arising during compounding, dispensing and dispensing and drug administrationb. easier to correct than to preventc. may be intentional or unintentionald. must be recognized by pharmacists

Answer 4

easier to correct than to prevent

Question 5

The following are guidelines for reducing drug interactions, except:a. employ combination therapyb. identify patient risk factorsc. educate the patientd. know properties of drugs

Answer 5

employ combination therapy

Question 6

Enzyme inhibition of coumarins can lead to:a. hypoglycemiab. profuse bleedingc. blood clottingd. convulsion

Answer 6

profuse bleeding

Question 7

Anaphylaxis is a:a. Type A ADRb. Type B ADRc. Type E ADRd. Type F ADR

Answer 7

Type B ADR

Question 8

Oxidizing agents are incompatible with reducing agents. This is a:a. physical incompatabilityb. chemical incompatibilityc. therapeutic incompatibilityd. both A &B

Answer 8

chemical incompatibility

Question 9

Any drug reaction which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment is called an:a. adverse drug reactionb. therapeutic incompatibilityc. adverse drug eventd. none of the above

Answer 9

adverse drug reaction

Question 10

Teratogenicity is a/an:a. Type A ADRb. Type B ADRc. Type C ADRd. Type D ADR

Answer 10

Type D ADR

Question 11

The following are true about biotransformation except:a. occurs after drug distributionb. converts polar to nonpolar drugsc. converts lipophilic to hydrophilic drugsd. can influence drug elimination rate

Answer 11

converts polar to nonpolar drugs

Question 12

The following are manifestations of chemical incompatibilities except:a. immiscibilityb. photolysisc. gel formationd. evolution of gas

Answer 12

immiscibility

Question 13

The precipitation of an organic substance from a saturated solution when highly soluble salts are added is known as:a. polymorphismb. salting-outc. racemizationd. eutexia

Answer 13

salting-out

Question 14

Acacia in the presence of Bismuth salts can form a “cake” at the bottom of the container. This manifestation is known as:a. gelatinizationb. hydrolysisc. emulsificationd. cementation

Answer 14

cementation

Question 15

Sudden withdrawal of steroids can result in:a. anemiab. hypertensionc. Parkinson’s diseased. addison’s disease

Answer 15

addison’s disease

Question 16

A mathematical model for a potentiating drug effect:a. 1 + 1 = 2b. 1 + 1 = 3c. 0 + 1 = 2d. 1 + 1 = 0

Answer 16

0 + 1 = 2Note: Potentiation: when one drug does not elicit a response on its own but enhances the response to another drug.

Question 17

A remedy for tablet granulations containing vitamin C:a. prepare by dry granulationb. use precoated ascorbic acid granulesc. both A & Bd. none of the above

Answer 17

both A & B

Question 18

Chloramphenicol palmitate exists in 3 different polymorphs, each differ in the ff. properties, except:a. solubilityb. free energyc. melting pointd. none of the above

Answer 18

none of the above

Question 19

The following are the physiologic effects of food on drug reaction, except:a. reducing gastric emptying rateb. milk reduces absorption of tetracyclinec. tea increases absortion of paracetamold. vegetables potentiate anticoagulants

Answer 19

vegetables potentiate anticoagulantsNote: Vitamin K (w/c is high in leafy vegetables) helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting

Question 20

Important characteristics of idiosyncratic drug reaction, except:a. congenital hypersensitivitiesb. genetic or hereditary in originc. metabolic abnormalityd. none of the above

Answer 20

none of the above

Question 21

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO inhibitors) and foods rich in tyramine like cheese will lead to:a. accumulation of pressor aminesb. increase in blood pressurec. non-metabolism of tyramined. all of the above

Answer 21

all of the above

Question 22

The following condition/s will amplify the activity of cardiac glycosides:a. hypercalcemiab. hypokalemiac. both a & bd. none of the above

Answer 22

both a & b

Question 23

Drug-drug interactions that occur when one drug alters the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion ofthe other drug.a. pharmacokinetic interactions b. pharmacologic interactionsc. pharmacodynamic interactiond. all of the above

Answer 23

pharmacokinetic interactionsNote: Pharmacokinetics is the study of how the body interacts with administered substances for the entire duration of exposure

Question 24

Displacement of a plasma-protein bound drug such as in Warfarin-phenylbutazone interaction, results in:a. hemorrhage b. increase concentration of warfarinc. decreased activity of warfarind. both A & B

Answer 24

both A & B

Question 25

Tobacco and cigarettes are potent enzyme inducers. As a consequence,a. one needs to increase dose of drug b. this leads to drug tolerancec. this is an ADRd. all of the above

Answer 25

all of the above

Question 26

A drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction caused by sulfonamides:a. Parkinson’s disease b. Steven’s Johnson syndromec. hypertensiond. contact dermatitis

Answer 26

Steven’s Johnson syndromeNote: a rare, serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. It’s usually a reaction to medication that starts with flu-like symptoms, followed by a painful rash that spreads and blisters.

Question 27

The following are true regarding excretion of acidic drugs except:a. exist in the ionized state in alkaline urineb. exist in the non-ionized form in acidic urinec. acidic urine increases drug actiond. none of the above

Answer 27

none of the above

Question 28

Phenobarbital and griseofulvin are __________of coumarins.a. enzyme inducers b. enzyme inhibitorsc. antagonistsd. agonists

Answer 28

enzyme inducers

Question 29

Type F ADRs can occur as a result of the following except:a. antimicrobial drug resistance b. patient compliancec. counterfeit drugsd. drug instability

Answer 29

Patient complianceNote:Type F = unexpected Failure of therapy. - refers to the undesired effects of ceasing the drug

Question 30

Chloramphenicol can lead to this untoward drug reaction:a. agranucytosisb. Gray syndromec. both A & Bd. none of the above

Answer 30

both A & B

Question 31

A fever response to antibiotic therapy caused by the sudden release of endotoxins from various killed microorganisms is called:a. Herxheimer reaction b. Lyell’s syndromec. skin reactiond. anaphylactic reaction

Answer 31

Herxheimer reaction

Question 32

Camphor, menthol, acetophenetidine, phenol will form:a. eutectic combinationb. liquefactionc. explosive combinationd. both A & B

Answer 32

eutectic combination

Question 33

The manifestation in no. 32 is a result of a:a. therapeutic incompatibilityb. chemical incompatibilityc. physical incompatibilityd. adverse drug reaction

Answer 33

therapeutic incompatibility

Question 34

The most important protein to which drugs can bind in the plasma:a. lipoprotein b. albuminc. glycoproteind. none of the above

Answer 34

albumin

Question 35

Side effects of streptomycin:a. headache b. dryness of the mouthc. ototoxicityd. none of the above

Answer 35

ototoxicity

Question 36

The following is/are true regarding absorption of salicylic acid:a. non-ionized form is more lipid-soluble & absorbableb. ionized form is more lipid-soluble & absorbablec. polar form is more readily absorbedd. absorption is increased when taken with an antacid

Answer 36

non-ionized form is more lipid-soluble & absorbable

Question 37

UV light-sensitive substances are best protected using:a. amber bottleb. plastic containerc. flint glassd. carton box

Answer 37

amber bottle

Question 38

Oxidation is:a. loss of electrons b. dehydrogenationc. cause of drug instabilityd. all of the above

Answer 38

all of the above

Question 39

The transport of a substance from one part of the body to another by means of blood:a. absorption b. distributionc. metabolismd. excretion

Answer 39

distribution

Question 40

The following are possible remedies for liquefaction of solid substances except:a. triturate separately and mix by tumblingb. add adsorbents to liquid combinationc. dispense powders separatelyd. incorporate cotton in packaging

Answer 40

incorporate cotton in packaging

Question 41

The following type/s of incompatibility may be dispensed:a. intentional incompatabilityb. unintentional incompatabilityc. delayed chemical incomp., but within shelf-life of productd. both A & C

Answer 41

both A & C

Question 42

The conversion of an optically active form to an optically inactive form is called:a. polymorphism b. racemizationc. polymerizationd. enantiomorphism

Answer 42

racemization

Question 43

Precipitation can be:a. physical incompatibility b. chemical incompatabilityc. adverse drug reactiond. A or B

Answer 43

A or B

Question 44

Examples of co-solvents:a. water, butanolb. alcohol, mineral oilc. glycols, sorbitol, glycerold. acetone, water, alcohol

Answer 44

glycols, sorbitol, glycerol

Question 45

Enzyme induction of Phenobarbital with oral contraceptives can lead to:a. decreased Phenobarbital action b. increased oral contraceptives actionc. unreliable contraceptiond. none of the above

Answer 45

unreliable contraception

Question 46

Characterizes the first exposure of the fraction of the drug metabolized in the liver:a. first pass effect b. drug-receptorinteractionc. biotransformationd. pharmacokinetics

Answer 46

first pass effect

Question 47

These are functions of a pharmacist except:a. rug information b. diagnosisc. counseling on medicationsd. monitor drug response

Answer 47

diagnosis

Question 48

A physiological or a psychological state resulting from drug administrationa. drug dependenceb. drug habituationc. drug addictiond. drug tolerance

Answer 48

drug dependence

Question 49

An ADR experienced as a consequence of receiving an inappropriately high dose of the drug due to patientcharacteristics:a. idiosyncracyb. extension effectc. side effectd. Type B

Answer 49

extension effect

Question 50

The ff. is/are characteristic/s of side effects:a. dose-dependent b. predictablec. associated pharmacological effectd. all of the above

Answer 50

all of the above

Question 51

Oral antihistamines exhibit the following side effect:a. drowsinessb. sleepinessc. both A & Bd. anemia

Answer 51

both A & B

Question 52

Prescriber of a prescription:a. pharmacistb. veterinarianc. nursed. medical technologist

Answer 52

veterinarian

Question 53

Compounding is concerned with:a. supply of a medicineb. preparation & distribution of drugsc. order for medicined. preparation of medicine

Answer 53

preparation of medicine

Question 54

The supply of medicine to an individual patient in accordance to the prescription given by the physician:a. compoundingb. formulationc. dispensingd. none of the above

Answer 54

dispensing

Question 55

A prescription should be refused when:a. patient is terribly sickb. there is no available delivery servicec. essential information is missingd. it is not signed by the pharmacist

Answer 55

essential information is missing

Question 56

An example of a subscription:a. M. ft. sol. b. 1 tab q 6 hrsc. shake well before usingd. 250 mg capsule

Answer 56

M. ft. sol.

Question 57

A filled prescription for ethical drugs must be:a. returned to the patientb. filed for future referencec. discarded after recordingd. forwarded to BFAD

Answer 57

filed for future reference

Question 58

Which of these drug products require a physician’s prescription?a. Aspirin 325 mg tab b. Paracetamol 500 mg Tabc. Nubain 10 mg/viald. both B & C

Answer 58

both B & C

Question 59

Which of the ff. correctly applies to this group of drug products? Paracetamol 325 mg. Tab, Cortal 325 mg Tab,Alvedon 325 mg Taba. all are generically equivalentb. all are in brand namesc. all are non-prescription drugsd. all are prescription drugs

Answer 59

all are non-prescription drugs

Question 60

Because it is the language of medical science throughout the world, this language is still used in Rx writing:a. Englishb. Germanc. Latind. Spanish

Answer 60

Latin

Question 61

The prescription should be read and checked:a. infront of the patient/customerb. in the privacy of the pharmacyc. in the counter of the boticad. none of the above

Answer 61

in the privacy of the pharmacy

Question 62

For dispensing thick viscous liquids, the container should be:a. standard prescriptionb. wide-mouthed bottlesc. collapsible tubesd. dropper bottles

Answer 62

wide-mouthed bottles

Question 63

When the generic name is preceded by the brand name, the prescription is:a. erroneous prescriptionb. violative prescriptionc. impossible prescriptiond. none of the above

Answer 63

erroneous prescription

Question 64

Generic dispensing means:a. dispensing drugs with generic names onlyb. dispensing with correct prescriptionc. dispensing the customer’s choice from generally equivalent drugsd. dispensing drugs in proper containers

Answer 64

dispensing the customer’s choice from generally equivalent drugs

Question 65

When dispensing a compounded prescription, these information must be written on the label except:a. indicationsb. name and strength of actives c. name of manufacturerd. name of physician

Answer 65

name of physician

Question 66

In a prescription, the dispensing directions to the pharmacist is the:a. superscriptionb. subscriptionc. inscriptiond. signa

Answer 66

subscription

Question 67

How many mL will you dispense for a prescription calling for a 100 g of a liquid substance with a sp.gr. of 1.25?a. 75 mL b. 80 mLc. 85 mLd. 90 mL

Answer 67

80 mL

Question 68

Providing the correct medicines at the right time at the right dose and using the right route of administration to theright patient is:a. primary careb. rational drug therapyc. osteopathyd. homeopathy

Answer 68

rational drug therapy

Question 69

The following are true about dimercaprol except:a. British Anti-Lewisite b. Indicated for Fe poisoningc. indicated for as poisoningd. chemical antagonist

Answer 69

Indicated for Fe poisoning

Question 70

Identify the odd-man-out:a. complete formation b. insolubilityc. liquefaction of solid ingredientsd. polymorphism

Answer 70

complete formation

Question 71

Group of drugs commonly abused by athletes:a. anabolic steroidsb. dexamethasonec. antibioticsd. vitamins

Answer 71

anabolic steroids

Question 72

Immediate remedy for anaphylaxis:a. epinephrine injection b. aspirinc. antihistamined. antibiotic

Answer 72

epinephrine injection

Question 73

A drug whose action is affected in a drug interaction:a. precipitant b. object drugc. interactantd. none of the above

Answer 73

object drug

Question 74

The following are remedies for oxidation except:a. acid pH b. change dosage formc. addition of antioxidantd. protection from light

Answer 74

acid pH

Question 75

A suspension with the f. ingredients (FeCl3, Fe(OH)3, acacia, FD&C #5 (orange color) and methyl paraben will reveal this manifestation:a. polymerization b. gelatinizationc. cementationd. precipitation

Answer 75

gelatinization

Question 76

The following are patient-related predisposing factors to ADRs except:a. age b. formulationc. genetic dispositiond. history of allergy

Answer 76

formulation

Question 77

Probenecid and penicillin exhibits this type of interaction:a. enzyme induction b. enzyme inhibitionc. alteration in gastric emptyingd. competition for tubular secretion

Answer 77

competition for tubular secretion

Question 78

Citric acid, atropine sulfate and ferrous sulfate are classified as:a. eutectic mixtures b. deliquescent substancesc. efflorescent substancesd. polymorphs

Answer 78

efflorescent substances

Question 79

A mathematical model for synergism:a. 1 + 1 = 2 b. 1 + 1 = 8c. 0 + 1 = 2d. 1 + 1 = 0

Answer 79

1 + 1 = 8

Question 80

Term for migration of the drug into the container:a. sorption b. leachingc. permeationd. vaporization

Answer 80

sorption

Question 81

The conversion of an optically active drug with one chiral center into an optically inactive isomer:a. polymorphism b. enatiomerismc. epimerizationd. racemization

Answer 81

racemization

Question 82

One of the violations committed by dispensing pharmacist is:a. informing the patient of the current list of available drugsb. imposing a particular brand or product on the buyerc. recording of prescriptions filledd. dispensing of the product according to the prescription

Answer 82

imposing a particular brand or product on the buyer

Question 83

An impossible prescription is described by the following except:a. only the generic name is written but not legibleb. both generic & brand names are not legiblec. the generic name does not correspond to the brand named. the generic name is not legible and the brand is written legibly

Answer 83

the generic name is not legible and the brand is written legibly

Question 84

The incorrect prescription that can be filled is the:a. impossible prescription b. erroneous prescriptionc. violative prescriptiond. none of the above

Answer 84

erroneous prescription

Question 85

The date after which the product is not intended to be used:a. beyond-use date b. expiry datec. stop dated. both A & B

Answer 85

both A & B

Question 86

The following are importance of recognizing potential incompatibilities, except:a. rewarding for the pharmacist b. savings in money, time effortc. safety o the patientd. quality medicines dispensed

Answer 86

rewarding for the pharmacist

Question 87

Poor patient compliance with prescription instruction is usually due to the ff. except:a. patient understood pharmacists instructions poorlyb. pharmacist has poor communication skillsc. inadequate time of pharmacist for patient counselingd. any of the above

Answer 87

any of the above

Question 88

HLB is a system used to distinguish between:a. surfactants b. glidants c. suspending agentsd. excipientse. disintegrators

Answer 88

surfactants

Question 89

The purpose of the prescription number is:a. to identify the prescription for future referenceb. as a substitute for the name of the drugc. to guide the pharmacist in costingd. to provide professional fee to the medicine

Answer 89

to identify the prescription for future reference

Question 90

In pricing the prescription, the pharmacist must consider:a. cost of ingredients b. professional feec. percentage mark-upd. all of the above

Answer 90

all of the above

Question 91

If there is doubt in legibility of the prescription, the pharmacist should:a. decide based on patient’s ailment b. make an educated guessc. consult the prescriberd. consult MIMS

Answer 91

consult the prescriber

Question 92

For the guidance of the patient, the prescription needs:a. signa b. subscriptionc. superscriptiond. inscription

Answer 92

signa

Question 93

Importance of a label:a. for sake of art b. to establish identityc. to improve eleganced. to give prominence

Answer 93

to establish identity

Question 94

An auxiliary label except:a. do not repeat b. for external usec. shake well before usingd. ophthalmic use

Answer 94

do not repeat

Question 95

Refers to the schedule of dosing (e.g., QID, 10 days)a. divided doses b. dosage regimenc. single dosed. total dose

Answer 95

dosage regimen

Question 96

When dispensing prepared dosage forms, the pharmacist may use which of the ff. dose equivalents?a. exact equivalentb. exact dosec. approximate dosed. a and b

Answer 96

a and b

Question 97

Indicates the quantitative range or amounts of drug that maybe prescribed within the guidelines of usual medical practice.a. divided dose b. usual dosage rangec. loading dosed. total dose

Answer 97

usual dosage range

Question 98

Which of the following dose not cause a therapeutic incompatibility?a. errors in pricing b. dosage form errorsc. loading dosed. errors of storage and supply

Answer 98

errors in pricing

Question 99

An associated pharmacological effect of chlorphenamine maleate:a. hypotensionb. sedationc. headached. nausea

Answer 99

sedation

Question 100

Ecstacy exhibits this type of ADR:a. Type Ab. Type Bc. Type Cd. Type D

Answer 100

Type C

Question 101

Idiosyncratic reactions are considered:a. Type A ADR b. Type B ADRc. Type C ADRd. Type E ADR

Answer 101

Type B ADR

Question 102

An anionic exchange resin intended to bind bile acids, cholesterol metabolites and co-administered drugs:a. chloramphenicol b. cholesterol precursorc. tetracyclined. colestyramine

Answer 102

colestyramine

Question 103

Are added to drug formulations to prevent or reduce oxidationa. complexing agents b. surfactantsc. antioxidantsd. additives

Answer 103

antioxidants

Question 104

This container is impervious to air and other gases under ordinary conditions of handling storage and transport:a. airtight container b. security closedc. hermitically sealedd. child-resistant container

Answer 104

hermitically sealed

Question 105

Diuretics tend to enhance lithium salt toxicity due toa. direct drug interactionb. potassium depletionc. sodium depletiond. increase solubility of the lithium salts

Answer 105

sodium depletion

Question 106

All of the following untoward effects are commonly associated with cancer chemotherapy EXCEPT:a. exfoliative dermatitisb. teratogenesisc. nausead. alocepia & leukemia

Answer 106

exfoliative dermatitis

Question 107

Glass is a traditional packaging material which has been widely used for both liquid and solid dose forms. All of the following are types of glass containers, except:a. closures b. bottlesc. ear and nasal dropper bottlesd. containers for semi-solid preparation

Answer 107

closures

Question 108

Used as pharmaceutical packaging materials include aluminum, tin and tin-coated leada. glass b. plasticsc. metalsd. paperboards

Answer 108

metals

Question 109

How many grains are there in 5.0 g of strychnine sulfate?a. 10.4 grb. 20.4 grc. 77.2 grd. 0.99 rg

Answer 109

77.2 gr

Question 110

How many doses of teaspoonful each are there in a 4-fl. Oz. bottle of medication?a. 10b. 20c. 24d. 30

Answer 110

24

Question 111

To calculate a loading dose, one must first determine:a. body clearanceb. fraction protein boundc. volume of distributiond. all of the above

Answer 111

volume of distribution

Question 112

Many diuretics tend to cause depletion of:a. potassiumb. sodiumc. carbonate iond. urea

Answer 112

potassium

Question 113

Corticosteroids are frequently given with antacids toa. enhance absorptionb. slow absorptionc. reduce ulceration and bleedingd. increase the rate of distribution

Answer 113

reduce ulceration and bleeding

Question 114

The functions of suspending agents include the ff. except:a. prevent oxidation-reduce reactionb. increase the viscosity of the vehiclec. slow down the rate of settling downd. cause the preparation to remain in suspension

Answer 114

prevent oxidation-reduce reaction

Question 115

General corrections of incompatibilities include all of the ff. except:a. separation of immiscible liquids b. change of vehiclec. use of a different brandd. substitution of ingredients

Answer 115

use of a different brand

Question 116

Route of administration where drugs are applied to the skin surface to be absorbed slowly into the systemic circulationa. transdermal route b. inhalation routec. buccal routed. rectal route

Answer 116

transdermal route

Question 117

Involves the degradation of the drug or excipients through reaction with the solvents present in the formulations:a. solvolysis b. oxidationc. photolysisd. polymerization

Answer 117

solvolysis

Question 118

Degradationof drugs or excipient molecules can be brought about by light, either room lights or sunlight.a. solvolysisb. oxidationc. photolysisd. polymerization

Answer 118

photolysis

Question 119

Remedy when a solid substance faild to dissolve in a liquida. addition of an inert ingredientsb. prepare an emulsionc. prepare a suspensiond. dispensing the ingredients separately

Answer 119

prepare a suspension

Question 120

Occurs immediately upon compounding like presence of precipitate; Effervescene of color changes.a. minor incompatibility b. delayed incompatibilityc. immediate incompatibilityd. major incompatibility

Answer 120

immediate incompatibility

Question 121

Combinations liable to produce therapeutic incompatibilities when administered at the same time except:a. sedatives and stimulants b. tannins and aloinsc. caffeine and chloral hydrated. aspirin and warfarin

Answer 121

aspirin and warfarin

Question 122

Water is most likely to cause instability on the following drugs, except:a. Penicillins b. Cephalosporinsc. Alkaloidsd. Benzodiazepines

Answer 122

Alkaloids

Question 123

Aspirin hydrolizes in water giving acetic acid anda. salicylic acid b. oxalic acidc. formic acidd. tricarboxylic acid

Answer 123

salicylic acid

Question 124

During drug interaction, the affected drug may become more active resulting to the following except:a. increase drug activityb. longer therapeutic action c. less effectived. toxicity

Answer 124

less effective

Question 125

It occurs when drugs are mixed inappropriately in syringes or infusion fluids prior to administration.a. pharmacodynamic interaction b. pharmaceutical interactionc. pharmacokinetic interactiond. all of the above

Answer 125

pharmaceutical interaction

Question 126

Which statement is not true regarding Lithium-NSAID combination?a. NSAID impaired renal synthesis of bronchodilator prostaglandinb. NSAID antagonize the renal excretion of lithiumc. NSAID may cause sodium and water retentiond. NSAID inhibit prostaglandin dependent renal excretion of lithium.

Answer 126

NSAID impaired renal synthesis of bronchodilator prostaglandin

Question 127

Delay in gastric-emptying time for the drug to reach the duodenum will ______, thereby prolonging the onset oftime for the drug.a. slow the rate and extent of drug distributionb. slow the rate and extent of drug absorptionc. increase the rate and extent of drug absorptiond. increase the rate and extent of drug metabolism

Answer 127

slow the rate and extent of drug absorption

Question 128

Factors that tend to reduce stomach contraction and gastric emptying rate except:a. consumption of meals high in fat b. patient lying on left sidec. depressiond. hyperthyroidism

Answer 128

hyperthyroidism

Question 129

This drug inhibits the Vit. K dependent synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX and Xa. Tetracycle b. Diphenhydraimec. Warfarind. Aspirin

Answer 129

Warfarin

Question 130

Low potassium level in blood produced by diuretics:a. hypokalemiab. hyponatriac. hypocalcemiad. hyperuricemia

Answer 130

hypokalemia

Question 131

Increased sugar level in the blood over normal level. a. hypercalcemia b. hyperkalemiac. hyperglycemia d. hyperuricemias

Answer 131

hyperglycemia

Question 132

True types of incompatibilitiesa. Unintentional or Unexpected Incompatibilitiesb. Intentional or Unexpected Incompatibilitiesc. Immediate Incompatibilitiesd. Delayed Incompatibilities

Answer 132

Unintentional or Unexpected Incompatibilities

Question 133

Optimum absorption takes place in thea. gastrointestinal tract b. receptorc. stomachd. small intestine

Answer 133

small intestine

Question 134

Type of drug strongly bound to albumin:a. basic drug b. acidic drugs c. alkaline drugsd. all of the above

Answer 134

acidic drugs

Question 135

Pharmacokinetically, enzyme induction will result to the following, except:a. peak level decreases b. accelerated metabolism c. increased overall elimination rated. pharmacological responses are decreased

Answer 135

pharmacological responses are decreased

Question 136

Principal site of drug metabolisma. liver b. kidneyc. stomachd. small intestine

Answer 136

liver

Question 137

Major pathway of excretion are via the kidney into the urine and via the liver into thea. bileb. urine c. alveolar aird. feces

Answer 137

feces

Question 138

In basic urine, acidic drugs area. un-ionized, hence reabsorbed, decrease half lifeb. more ionized, not reabsorbed, decrease half lifec. more un-ionized, not reabsorbed, increase half lifed. un-ionized, not reabsorbed, increases elimination rate

Answer 138

more ionized, not reabsorbed, decrease half life

Question 139

Decreased urinary recycling, increases elimination rate constant hencea. increases half lifeb. longer duration of pharmacologic responsec. shortens duration of pharmacologic responsed. increases therapeutic concentration in the body

Answer 139

shortens duration of pharmacologic response

Question 140

In acidic urine, acidic drugs are more un-ionized, hencea. reabsorbed, increase in half life b. not reabsorbed, increase in half life c. reabsorbed, decrease in half lifed. not reabsorbed, decrease in half life

Answer 140

reabsorbed, increase in half life

Question 141

In acidic urine, basic drugs area. more ionized, hence not reabsorbed, decrease in half lifeb. un-ionized, hence not reabsorbed, decrease in half lifec. more ionized hence not reabsorbed, increase half life

Answer 141

more ionized, hence not reabsorbed, decrease in half life

Question 142

Increase urinary recycling increase half hence, expecta. decreases elimination rate constantb. blood levels rise and persist longerc. danger of toxicity in multiple dosingd. increases elimination rate constant

Answer 142

increases elimination rate constant

Question 143

Which statement is incorrect regarding interaction involving tyramine containing substance and MAO inhibitor?a. inhibition of MAO result in the accumulation of large amounts of norepinephrineb. decrease in the rate of intracellular metabolismc. large amount of norephinephrine can cause severe headache and hypertensiond. large amount of stored norepinephrine can cause hypotensive crisis

Answer 143

large amount of stored norepinephrine can cause hypotensive crisis

Question 144

Acidic group of amino acids responsible for binding basic drugs, excepta. glutamic b. asparticc. lysined. tyrosine

Answer 144

lysine

Question 145

Interactions that arise with drug acting on the receptors, sites of action or physiological systema. pharmaceutical interactions b. pharmacodynamic interactions c. pharmacokinetic interactionsd. change in body fluids and electrolyte balances

Answer 145

pharmacodynamic interactions

Question 146

Factors that reduced binding capacity to albumin, excepta. liver impairment b. smoking c. during pregnancyd. nenonates patient

Answer 146

nenonates patient

Question 147

Phenobarbital-Antihistamine drug combinations will result toa. Phenobarbital metabolism is accelerated by antihistamineb. Antihistamine metabolism is accelerated by Phenobarbitalc. Phenobarbital peak level increasesd. Decreased Phenobarbital overall elimination rate

Answer 147

Antihistamine metabolism is accelerated by Phenobarbital

Question 148

Petition for favor of healing and warning from great care and precaution.a. Rx b. Signa c. Magistral Pharmacyd. Mark thou

Answer 148

Rx

Question 149

The approved clinical use of the product based on substantial evidence of the efficacy and safety of the druga. warning b. formulationc. pharmacologic categoryd. indication

Answer 149

indication

Question 150

Instruction and special care to avoid undesired effects and to ensure the safe and effective use of the producta. warnings b. precautions c. contraindicationsd. indications

Answer 150

precautions

Question 151

Generic equivalent drugs are finished pharmaceutical products having same ingredients, same dosage form, andthe same strength. They differ only ina. generic name b. brand name c. international non-proprietaryd. active constituents

Answer 151

brand name

Question 152

Drug products that are considered prohibited, expecta. Heroine and Morphine b. Coca leaf and its derivative cocaine c. Mescaline and Indian Hempd. Secobarbital

Answer 152

Secobarbital

Question 153

Regulated drug, excepta. LSD b. Amphetamine c. Methaqualoned. Phenobarbital

Answer 153

LSD

Question 154

Violation on the part of the pharmacist in generic dispensing, excepta. adequately inform the buyer about available products that meet the prescriptionb. failure to record and file the prescription filedc. imposing a particular brand or product to the buyerd. failure to report to the nearest office cases of incorrect prescriptions within 3 months after receipt ofsuch prescriptions

Answer 154

adequately inform the buyer about available products that meet the prescription

Question 155

Exempt prohibited drugs, excepta. Lomotil b. Benzodiazepinesc. Robitussin AC syrupd. Phenergon Expectorant with Codeine

Answer 155

Benzodiazepines

Question 156

Drugs requiring strict precautions in their use, excepta. Methotrexate b. Codein c.Nitrofurantoind. Phenytoin

Answer 156

Codein

Question 157

Official name of drug products containing 2 or more active ingredients with single INNa. INN of the combination productsb. generic names of 2 or more active ingredientsc. based on the nomenclature used by the PNDFd. products with standards formulations included in the current PNDF

Answer 157

INN of the combination products

Question 158

Source/s of information regarding incompatibilitiesa. Remington b. USP c. Product insertsd. all of the above

Answer 158

all of the above

Question 159

This parchment scroll found in Egypt mentioned 700 drugs with formulas for more than 800 remediesa. Papyrus Ebers b. De Materia Medica c. Remingtond. USP NF

Answer 159

Papyrus Ebers

Question 160

The chief active constituenta. base b. vehicle c. correctived. adjuvant

Answer 160

base

Question 161

Instruction for patient in taking the medicationa. transcription b. inscription c. superscriptiond. subscription

Answer 161

transcription

Question 162

Part of a label that is most likely to be presented, shown or examined under customary conditions for display for retail sale.a. outer label b. principal display panel c. inner labeld. label

Answer 162

principal display panel

Question 163

Patron saints of medicine and pharmacya. Cosmas and Damian b. St. Peter c. George Ebersd. Don Leon Ma. Guerrero

Answer 163

Cosmas and Damian

Question 164

Combination of salt substitute and potassium sparing drugs will result toa. hyperkalemia b. tachycardia c. alkalosisd. calcemia

Answer 164

hyperkalemia

Question 165

A written order signed by a licensed medical practitioner for medicine to be compounded by a pharmacist tomeet the needs of a certain person at a particular timea. letter b. prescription c. recommendationd. receipt

Answer 165

prescription

Question 166

It forms the beginning of a direct order from the prescriber to the compoundera. inscription b. superscription c. subscriptiond. errors in the written order

Answer 166

superscription

Question 167

Dispensing directions to the pharmacist isa. inscription b. subscriptionc. superscriptiond. transcription

Answer 167

subscription

Question 168

A prescription where the generic name is not writtena. violative Rx b. erroneous Rxc. impossible Rxd. yellow DDB Rx

Answer 168

violative Rx

Question 169

The part of the prescription which directs the patient what to do is:a. signa b. inscription c. subscriptiond. superscription

Answer 169

signa

Question 170

A prescription where the generic name does not correspond to the brand namea. violative Rx b. erroneous Rx c. impossible Rxd. yellow DDB Rx

Answer 170

impossible Rx

Question 171

The meaning of the abbreviation p.c. in the signa of a prescriptiona. as necessaryb. after mealc. at bedtimed. sufficient quantity

Answer 171

after meal

Question 172

Complimentary list is a list of ________ drug used when there in no response to the core essential lista. alternative b. substitute c. additionald. supplementary

Answer 172

alternative

Question 173

When suppositories containing phenol causes the vehicle to soften the melting point may be raised by adding:a. lanolin b. petrolatum c. fixed oild. vehicle

Answer 173

petrolatum

Question 174

Which one of the following antacid products is a chemical combination of aluminum and magnesium hydroxides?a. Maalox b. Mylanta c. Riopand. Gelusil

Answer 174

Riopan

Question 175

Simethicone is most likely to be included in what type of OTC product.a. antacids b. cough products c. decongestantd. laxative

Answer 175

antacids

Question 176

The label text outside the principal display panel on the immediate container of pharmaceutical products as specified by RA 3720 contains the following information except:a. formulation b. contraindication c. batch and/or lot numberd. mode of administration

Answer 176

contraindication

Question 177

The ophylline when taken with high fat breakfast will result to the ff:a. combination reduces the amount of theophyllineb. action of theophylline is enhanced by the fat presentc. combination increases the metabolism of theophyllined. both have synergistic effects

Answer 177

action of theophylline is enhanced by the fat present

Question 178

Valium and Tagamet combination will not result to one from the ff:a. Tagamet delay elimination of anti-anxiety agentb. Increased sedation and dizzinessc. Blood levels of anti-anxiety drug increasedd. Valium increases the metabolism of Tagamet

Answer 178

Valium increases the metabolism of Tagamet

Question 179

The “NO SUBSTITUTION” instruction is seen ona. erroneous prescription b. impossible prescription c. violative prescriptiond. any of the above

Answer 179

violative prescription

Question 180

A STAT order means the drug has to be administereda. as needed by the patient b. at the hour of sleep c. immediatelyd. before surgery

Answer 180

immediately

Question 181

Piroxicam is a /an:a. prohibited drug b. regulated drug c. OTC drugd. any of these answers

Answer 181

OTC drug

Question 182

If the pharmacist doubts the correctness of the prescription, he should:a. consult the patient b. consult the prescriber of the patient c. consult other pharmacistd. base decision on ailment

Answer 182

consult the prescriber of the patient

Question 183

Providing the correct medicine at the correct time, in the correct dose and the correct route of administration is called:a. primary care c. osteopathyb. rational drug therapy c. osteopathyd. homeopathy

Answer 183

rational drug therapy

Question 184

When the word otic appears on the label of the drug, the patient should be informed that the drug is applied on tha. mouth b. ear c. eyesd. nose

Answer 184

ear

Question 185

In pricing prescription, the pharmacist must considera. cost of ingredients b. professional fee c. percentage mark upd. all of the above

Answer 185

all of the above

Question 186

Salt of zinc that is valuable as an eyewash for the treatment of conjunctivitisa. zinc sulfate b. zinc chloride c. zinc oxided. all of these answers

Answer 186

zinc sulfate

Question 187

The antiseptic property of hydrogen peroxide is due toa. ozoneb. acetanilide c. peroxidased. oxygen

Answer 187

oxygen

Question 188

Which of the following is most closely related to cefazolin?a. Erythromycin b. Moxalactam c. ampicillind. Carbencilline. Gentamycin

Answer 188

Moxalactam

Question 189

Failure to mix or dissolve when two or more ingredients are combined may be termed as:a. adverse reactions b. physical incompatability c. drug precipitationd. complexation

Answer 189

physical incompatability

Question 190

The unusual result of triturating camphor and menthol isa. b. synergistic effect c. solidification c. solidification d. lowering of melting point

Answer 190

liquefaction

Question 191

Mixture of phenolic, aldehyde, ketonic compounds and alcohols are examples ofa. insoluble substances b. hydroscopic substancesc. delinquent substancesd. eutectic mixtures

Answer 191

eutectic mixtures

Question 192

Substances which absorb moisture from the air are called:a. effervescent powders b. hygroscopic powders c. anhydrous powdersd. efflorescent powders

Answer 192

hygroscopic powders

Question 193

Liquefaction of crystalline salt occurs on trituration is due to:a. addition of water b. addition of other liquid ingredient c. absorption of moisture from the aird. liberation of water of crystallization

Answer 193

liberation of water of crystallization

Question 194

Urinary alkalinizer administered with sulfonamides treatment to prevent crystalluriaa. Na2CO3b. NaHCO3 c. NaOH or KOHd. Na2CO3 10H2O

Answer 194

NaHCO3

Question 195

NPO means:a. patient should be given drugs after mealsb. patient should be given drugs before mealsc. patient should not be given anything by mouthd. patient should be left undisturbed

Answer 195

patient should not be given anything by mouth

Question 196

Drugs that can be dispensed only through a yellow prescription pad:a. essential drugs b. dangerous drugsc. OTC productsd. prescription drugs

Answer 196

dangerous drugs

Question 197

The objective of the Generic Law is toa. provide the patient the choice of drugs at the lowest costb. provide regulated drugsc. provide prohibited drugsd. use habit forming drugs

Answer 197

provide the patient the choice of drugs at the lowest cost

Question 198

Zephiran is used in ophthalmic solution as:a. suspending agent b. surfactant c. antimicrobial agentd. antimicrobial agent and surfactant

Answer 198

antimicrobial agent

Question 199

The lowering of melting point is called:a. evolution b. eutexia c. hydrolysisd. none of these

Answer 199

eutexia

Question 200

The combination of NaHCO3 with an organic acid (citric or tartaric acid) will result in:a. precipitationb. color changes c. oxidationd. effervescence

Answer 200

effervescence

Question 201

When an oxidizing agent is triturated in a mortar with a reducing agent, this would likely result to:a. formation of damp mass b. discoloration of powders c. violent explosiond. volatilization of some of the ingredients

Answer 201

violent explosion

Question 202

The reaction between sodium bicarbonate and aspirin would result to:a. formation of precipitate b. evolution of gasc. hydrolytic changesd. invisible changes

Answer 202

evolution of gas

Question 203

Benzalkonium chloride is incompatible with:a. soap b. cationic agent c. a & bd. none of the above

Answer 203

soap

Question 204

Chemical incompatibility includes all of the following except:a. racemzation b. implosion c. cementationd. liquefaction

Answer 204

liquefaction

Question 205

When the response of a patient to one or more drugs is different in nature than that intended by the prescriber is called:a. antagonistic incompatibility b. chemical incompatibilityc. therapeutic incompatibilityd. physical incompatibility

Answer 205

therapeutic incompatibility

Question 206

Adverse drug reactions characterized by exaggerated or inordinate response to normal doses of a drug:a. idiosyncrasy b. allergy c. hypersensitivityd. potentiation

Answer 206

hypersensitivity

Question 207

Occurs when one drug increases the action of another drug:a. potentiation b. antagonism c. summationd. cummation/potentiation

Answer 207

potentiation

Question 208

Isotonic solution of this substance will still cause hemolysis of RBCa. benzoic acid b. boric acid c. sodium bicarbonated. sodium benzoate

Answer 208

boric acid

Question 209

Substance used as a test for liver function by measuring the amount of hippuric acid in urinea. sodium borate b. aspirin c. sodium salicylated. all of the above

Answer 209

all of the above

Question 210

The risk of aspirin in children with fever due to viral infection:a. Gray baby syndrome b. Reye’s syndrome c. bone fractiond. all of the above

Answer 210

Reye’s syndrome

Question 211

Alcohol is a specific potentiating agent when used with:a. penicilline b. antihistamine c. aspirind. sulfonamide

Answer 211

antihistamine

Question 212

The combined action of two or more drugs which results in an Enhancement or intensifying effects is termed:a. metabolism b. antagonism c. stimulationd. synergism

Answer 212

synergism

Question 213

Sodium benzoate is effective as a preservative if the pH of the preparation is:a. above 4 b. above 7 c. below 4d. below 7

Answer 213

below 4

Question 214

Upon exposure to air, aminophylline solution may develop:a. gas b. a precipitate of aminophylline c. crystals of theophyllined. a straw color

Answer 214

crystals of theophylline

Question 215

The degradation reaction for aspirin involves:a. hydrolysis b. racemization c. oxidationd. photolysis

Answer 215

hydrolysis

Question 216

Reactions which are noxious, unintended and which occur at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis,diagnosis or therapy:a. drug interaction b. adverse drug reactions c. pharmacodynamicd. therapeutic incompatibilities

Answer 216

adverse drug reactions

Question 217

The ingestion of alcoholic drinks while on analgesic or sedative therapy represents a commonly encountered drug interaction that may result in:a. tolerance b. antagonism c. excessive CNS stimulatond. excessive CNS depression

Answer 217

excessive CNS depression

Question 218

Biological half life of many drugs is often prolonged in newborn infants because of:a. incompletely developed enzyme systemb. microsomal enzyme inhibitionc. higher protein bindingd. well developed renal function

Answer 218

incompletely developed enzyme system

Question 219

To prevent errors, the pharmacist uses:a. his knowledge of pharmacognosy b. his knowledge of chemistry c. his broad knowledge of drugsd. his knowledge of diseases

Answer 219

his broad knowledge of drugs

Question 220

The following are aminoglycosides, except:a. quinidine b. kanamycin c. streptomycind. neomycin

Answer 220

quinidine

Question 221

Theophylline is used for:a. asthmatic b. diabetic c. hypertensive patientsd. all of these answers

Answer 221

asthmatic

Question 222

Drugs that should not be given to children with chicken pox of flu symptoms:a. acetaminophen b. aspirinc. ibuprofend. all of these answers

Answer 222

aspirin

Question 223

Drug that should not be given to patients who have undergone surgery including dental surgerya. aspirin b. acetaminophenc. ibuprofend. all of these answers

Answer 223

aspirin

Question 224

Aspirin with antacids will cause:a. alteration of pH b. complexation and adsorption c. alteration of GIT florad. alteration of motility

Answer 224

alteration of pH

Question 225

The most serious drug-induced blood disorder:a. aplastic anemia b. leukemia c.agranulocytosisd. thrombocytopenia

Answer 225

aplastic anemia

Question 226

The most clinically significant adverse drug reaction affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract results from the use of:a. NSAIDS b. antabusec. phenobarbitald. aspirin

Answer 226

NSAIDS

Question 227

Used in the treatment of alcoholism by inhibiting activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase:a. probenecid b. antabuse c. Phenobarbitald. aspirin

Answer 227

antabuse

Question 228

A reaction that is noxious and unintended, which occurs in doses used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis and therapy:a. drug interaction b. adverse drug reaction c. adverse drug effectsd. pharmacodynamic effects

Answer 228

adverse drug reaction c. adverse drug effects

Question 229

Allergic reactions that are due to a person’s immune response:a. hypersensitivity b. idiosyncrasy c. adverse drug effectsd. potentiation

Answer 229

hypersensitivity

Question 230

A type of synergism in which the combined effect is equal to the additive effect of the combined drugs is termed:a. potentiation b. summation c. metabolismd. hyperactivity

Answer 230

summation

Question 231

Which of the following factors influence drug metabolism and metabolic pathway?a. genetic variation b. antioxidant c. physiologic or disease stated. none of these answers

Answer 231

none of these answers

Question 232

A metal catalyzed oxidation reaction pathway can be prevented by:a. chelating agents b. antioxidant c. surface active agentsd. none of these answes

Answer 232

chelating agents

Question 233

Which of the following factors may make it necessary to give lower doses of drugs to geriatric patients?a. reduced enzyme activity b. reduced kidney function c. enhanced absorptiond. a and b

Answer 233

a and b

Question 234

This reaction isclassifiedunder Bizzare reactions (type B):a. anaphylactic shock b. teratogenesis c. adverse effectd. drug dependence

Answer 234

anaphylactic shock

Question 235

Consequence of diverse drug reactions:a. increased mortality b. prolonged hospital stay c. increased cost of therapyd. all of the above

Answer 235

all of the above

Question 236

A common adverse effect related to the use of aluminum antacidsa. nausea b. vomiting c. constipationsd. all of the above

Answer 236

constipations

Question 237

Tetracyclines tend to form complexes with:a. iron saltsb. magnesium salts c. calcium saltsd. all of the above

Answer 237

all of the above

Question 238

Alcohol is a specific potentiating agent when used with:a. sulfonamides b.antihistamines c. aspirind.penicillin

Answer 238

antihistamines

Question 239

Increases serum levels and prolongs agent the activity of penicillin derivatives by blocking the latter’s tubular excretion:a. probenecid b. indomethacin c. propranolold. methyldopa

Answer 239

probenecid

Question 240

Well known side effects of salicylate therapy:a. tinnitus b. vomiting c. headached. nausea

Answer 240

tinnitus

Question 241

Most common side effects of erythromycin therapy:a. anaphylaxis b. ototoxicity c. headached. abdominal cramps

Answer 241

abdominal cramps

Question 242

A drug that increases the anticoagulant action of warfarin because its metabolite competes with the anticoagulant for plasma protein binding sites:a. tolbutamide b. aspirin c. chloral hydrated. diazepam

Answer 242

chloral hydrate

Question 243

Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase and thus increases the plasma levels of:a. mercaptopurine b. chloral hydrate c. disulfiramd. aspirin

Answer 243

mercaptopurine

Question 244

Aspirin combines with Phenylsalicylate resulting to:a. melting b. non-homogenous mixture c. turbid solutiond. moist mass

Answer 244

moist mass

Question 245

A formulation of FeSO4 Suspension cannot use Acacia as a suspending agent, because the final product may exhibit:a. gelatinization b. prescipitation c. cementationd. oxidation

Answer 245

gelatinization

Question 246

Cold preparations when taken in large doses may interact with:

a. sedatives
b. guaiafenisin
c. MAOIs
d. a and c

Answer 246

a and c

Question 247

Which of the following properties would characterize a drug when it is bound to plasma albumin?

a. it is biologically inactive
b. it can pass through the glomerulus
c. it is promptly metabolized
d. a and b

Answer 247

it is biologically inactive

Question 248

Traditional classification of adverse drug reactions:

a. side effect
b. extension effect
c. allergy
d. all of the above

Answer 248

all of the above

Question 249

These reactions belongs to Augmented type (type A):

a. extension effect
b. allergy
c. side effect
d. a and c

Answer 249

a and c

Question 250

The ff. drugs often precipitate an interaction when administered with a second drug, except:

a. sedation
b. headache
c. hemolytic anemia
d. hypokalemia

Answer 250

hemolytic anemia

Question 251

The following response belong to Type B adverse drug reactions, except:

a. allergy of Cefotaxime
b. aplastic anemia in patients taking chloramphenicol
c. facial abnormalities in babies born to alcoholic mothers
d. peripheral neuritis in a british missionary ill with tuberculosis

Answer 251

facial abnormalities in babies born to alcoholic mothers

Question 252

An ointment is prepared by incorporating 10 g of a drug into 100 g of White petrolatum. What is the percent w/w of active ingredient?

a. 10.0%
b. 9.1%
c. 0.91%
d. 0.95%
e. none of the above

Answer 252

9.1%

Question 253

What is the proof strength of a 50% (v/v) solution of alcohol?

a. 25 proof
b. 50 proof
c. 100 proof
d. 75 proof
e. 150 proof

Answer 253

100 proof

Question 254

Certified dyes may NOT be used in the area of:

a. the eye
b. the scalp
c. the lips
d. the nose
e. all of the above

Answer 254

the eye

Question 255

The principal use of magnesium stearate in pharmaceutics an as a (an):

a. lubricant
b. antacid
c. source of magnesium ion
d. disintegrator
e. binder

Answer 255

lubricant

Question 256

The major use of titanium dioxide in pharmacy is in:

a. sunscreens
b. antacid tablets
c. capsule as a diluent
d. effervescent salts
e. emulsions

Answer 256

sunscreens

Question 257

A synonym for vitamin C is

a. riboflavin
b. tocopherol
c. ascorbic acid
d. cyanocobalamin
e. thiamine

Answer 257

ascorbic acid

Question 258

Activated charcoal is used in some antidotes because of which of its properties?

a. neutralizing
b. emetic
c. absorptive
d. adsorptive
e. stabilizing

Answer 258

adsorptive

Question 259

The abbreviations SOS on prescription means:

a. at once
b. freely
c. if needed
d. do not repeat
e. on alternate days

Answer 259

if needed

Question 260

Clindamycin is closely related to which of the following in effective spectrum?

a. Chloramphenicol
b. Tobramycin
c. Kanamycin
d. Lincomycin
e. It is unique in spectrum

Answer 260

Lincomycin