MODULE 3 (DISPENSING) Flashcards
Drugs bound to plasma proteins are considered:a. pharmacologically activeb. pharmacologically inactivec. free drugsd. bioavailable drugs
pharmacologically inactive
Alkaline salts like potassium penicillin when placed in an acidic solution can result in:a. conversion into free acidb. precipitation of penicillinc. insolubilityd. all of the above
all of the above
In metabolizing a standard dose of INH, Filipinos are considered:a. fast acetylatorsb. slow acetylatorsc. neither slow or fastd. same as the Caucasians
fast acetylators
The following are true regarding incompatibilities except:a. problems arising during compounding, dispensing and dispensing and drug administrationb. easier to correct than to preventc. may be intentional or unintentionald. must be recognized by pharmacists
easier to correct than to prevent
The following are guidelines for reducing drug interactions, except:a. employ combination therapyb. identify patient risk factorsc. educate the patientd. know properties of drugs
employ combination therapy
Enzyme inhibition of coumarins can lead to:a. hypoglycemiab. profuse bleedingc. blood clottingd. convulsion
profuse bleeding
Anaphylaxis is a:a. Type A ADRb. Type B ADRc. Type E ADRd. Type F ADR
Type B ADR
Oxidizing agents are incompatible with reducing agents. This is a:a. physical incompatabilityb. chemical incompatibilityc. therapeutic incompatibilityd. both A &B
chemical incompatibility
Any drug reaction which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment is called an:a. adverse drug reactionb. therapeutic incompatibilityc. adverse drug eventd. none of the above
adverse drug reaction
Teratogenicity is a/an:a. Type A ADRb. Type B ADRc. Type C ADRd. Type D ADR
Type D ADR
The following are true about biotransformation except:a. occurs after drug distributionb. converts polar to nonpolar drugsc. converts lipophilic to hydrophilic drugsd. can influence drug elimination rate
converts polar to nonpolar drugs
The following are manifestations of chemical incompatibilities except:a. immiscibilityb. photolysisc. gel formationd. evolution of gas
immiscibility
The precipitation of an organic substance from a saturated solution when highly soluble salts are added is known as:a. polymorphismb. salting-outc. racemizationd. eutexia
salting-out
Acacia in the presence of Bismuth salts can form a “cake” at the bottom of the container. This manifestation is known as:a. gelatinizationb. hydrolysisc. emulsificationd. cementation
cementation
Sudden withdrawal of steroids can result in:a. anemiab. hypertensionc. Parkinson’s diseased. addison’s disease
addison’s disease
A mathematical model for a potentiating drug effect:a. 1 + 1 = 2b. 1 + 1 = 3c. 0 + 1 = 2d. 1 + 1 = 0
0 + 1 = 2Note: Potentiation: when one drug does not elicit a response on its own but enhances the response to another drug.
A remedy for tablet granulations containing vitamin C:a. prepare by dry granulationb. use precoated ascorbic acid granulesc. both A & Bd. none of the above
both A & B
Chloramphenicol palmitate exists in 3 different polymorphs, each differ in the ff. properties, except:a. solubilityb. free energyc. melting pointd. none of the above
none of the above
The following are the physiologic effects of food on drug reaction, except:a. reducing gastric emptying rateb. milk reduces absorption of tetracyclinec. tea increases absortion of paracetamold. vegetables potentiate anticoagulants
vegetables potentiate anticoagulantsNote: Vitamin K (w/c is high in leafy vegetables) helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting
Important characteristics of idiosyncratic drug reaction, except:a. congenital hypersensitivitiesb. genetic or hereditary in originc. metabolic abnormalityd. none of the above
none of the above
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO inhibitors) and foods rich in tyramine like cheese will lead to:a. accumulation of pressor aminesb. increase in blood pressurec. non-metabolism of tyramined. all of the above
all of the above
The following condition/s will amplify the activity of cardiac glycosides:a. hypercalcemiab. hypokalemiac. both a & bd. none of the above
both a & b
Drug-drug interactions that occur when one drug alters the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion ofthe other drug.a. pharmacokinetic interactions b. pharmacologic interactionsc. pharmacodynamic interactiond. all of the above
pharmacokinetic interactionsNote: Pharmacokinetics is the study of how the body interacts with administered substances for the entire duration of exposure
Displacement of a plasma-protein bound drug such as in Warfarin-phenylbutazone interaction, results in:a. hemorrhage b. increase concentration of warfarinc. decreased activity of warfarind. both A & B
both A & B
Tobacco and cigarettes are potent enzyme inducers. As a consequence,a. one needs to increase dose of drug b. this leads to drug tolerancec. this is an ADRd. all of the above
all of the above
A drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction caused by sulfonamides:a. Parkinson’s disease b. Steven’s Johnson syndromec. hypertensiond. contact dermatitis
Steven’s Johnson syndromeNote: a rare, serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. It’s usually a reaction to medication that starts with flu-like symptoms, followed by a painful rash that spreads and blisters.
The following are true regarding excretion of acidic drugs except:a. exist in the ionized state in alkaline urineb. exist in the non-ionized form in acidic urinec. acidic urine increases drug actiond. none of the above
none of the above
Phenobarbital and griseofulvin are __________of coumarins.a. enzyme inducers b. enzyme inhibitorsc. antagonistsd. agonists
enzyme inducers
Type F ADRs can occur as a result of the following except:a. antimicrobial drug resistance b. patient compliancec. counterfeit drugsd. drug instability
Patient complianceNote:Type F = unexpected Failure of therapy. - refers to the undesired effects of ceasing the drug
Chloramphenicol can lead to this untoward drug reaction:a. agranucytosisb. Gray syndromec. both A & Bd. none of the above
both A & B
A fever response to antibiotic therapy caused by the sudden release of endotoxins from various killed microorganisms is called:a. Herxheimer reaction b. Lyell’s syndromec. skin reactiond. anaphylactic reaction
Herxheimer reaction
Camphor, menthol, acetophenetidine, phenol will form:a. eutectic combinationb. liquefactionc. explosive combinationd. both A & B
eutectic combination
The manifestation in no. 32 is a result of a:a. therapeutic incompatibilityb. chemical incompatibilityc. physical incompatibilityd. adverse drug reaction
therapeutic incompatibility
The most important protein to which drugs can bind in the plasma:a. lipoprotein b. albuminc. glycoproteind. none of the above
albumin
Side effects of streptomycin:a. headache b. dryness of the mouthc. ototoxicityd. none of the above
ototoxicity
The following is/are true regarding absorption of salicylic acid:a. non-ionized form is more lipid-soluble & absorbableb. ionized form is more lipid-soluble & absorbablec. polar form is more readily absorbedd. absorption is increased when taken with an antacid
non-ionized form is more lipid-soluble & absorbable
UV light-sensitive substances are best protected using:a. amber bottleb. plastic containerc. flint glassd. carton box
amber bottle
Oxidation is:a. loss of electrons b. dehydrogenationc. cause of drug instabilityd. all of the above
all of the above
The transport of a substance from one part of the body to another by means of blood:a. absorption b. distributionc. metabolismd. excretion
distribution
The following are possible remedies for liquefaction of solid substances except:a. triturate separately and mix by tumblingb. add adsorbents to liquid combinationc. dispense powders separatelyd. incorporate cotton in packaging
incorporate cotton in packaging
The following type/s of incompatibility may be dispensed:a. intentional incompatabilityb. unintentional incompatabilityc. delayed chemical incomp., but within shelf-life of productd. both A & C
both A & C
The conversion of an optically active form to an optically inactive form is called:a. polymorphism b. racemizationc. polymerizationd. enantiomorphism
racemization
Precipitation can be:a. physical incompatibility b. chemical incompatabilityc. adverse drug reactiond. A or B
A or B
Examples of co-solvents:a. water, butanolb. alcohol, mineral oilc. glycols, sorbitol, glycerold. acetone, water, alcohol
glycols, sorbitol, glycerol
Enzyme induction of Phenobarbital with oral contraceptives can lead to:a. decreased Phenobarbital action b. increased oral contraceptives actionc. unreliable contraceptiond. none of the above
unreliable contraception
Characterizes the first exposure of the fraction of the drug metabolized in the liver:a. first pass effect b. drug-receptorinteractionc. biotransformationd. pharmacokinetics
first pass effect
These are functions of a pharmacist except:a. rug information b. diagnosisc. counseling on medicationsd. monitor drug response
diagnosis
A physiological or a psychological state resulting from drug administrationa. drug dependenceb. drug habituationc. drug addictiond. drug tolerance
drug dependence
An ADR experienced as a consequence of receiving an inappropriately high dose of the drug due to patientcharacteristics:a. idiosyncracyb. extension effectc. side effectd. Type B
extension effect
The ff. is/are characteristic/s of side effects:a. dose-dependent b. predictablec. associated pharmacological effectd. all of the above
all of the above
Oral antihistamines exhibit the following side effect:a. drowsinessb. sleepinessc. both A & Bd. anemia
both A & B
Prescriber of a prescription:a. pharmacistb. veterinarianc. nursed. medical technologist
veterinarian
Compounding is concerned with:a. supply of a medicineb. preparation & distribution of drugsc. order for medicined. preparation of medicine
preparation of medicine
The supply of medicine to an individual patient in accordance to the prescription given by the physician:a. compoundingb. formulationc. dispensingd. none of the above
dispensing
A prescription should be refused when:a. patient is terribly sickb. there is no available delivery servicec. essential information is missingd. it is not signed by the pharmacist
essential information is missing
An example of a subscription:a. M. ft. sol. b. 1 tab q 6 hrsc. shake well before usingd. 250 mg capsule
M. ft. sol.
A filled prescription for ethical drugs must be:a. returned to the patientb. filed for future referencec. discarded after recordingd. forwarded to BFAD
filed for future reference
Which of these drug products require a physician’s prescription?a. Aspirin 325 mg tab b. Paracetamol 500 mg Tabc. Nubain 10 mg/viald. both B & C
both B & C
Which of the ff. correctly applies to this group of drug products? Paracetamol 325 mg. Tab, Cortal 325 mg Tab,Alvedon 325 mg Taba. all are generically equivalentb. all are in brand namesc. all are non-prescription drugsd. all are prescription drugs
all are non-prescription drugs
Because it is the language of medical science throughout the world, this language is still used in Rx writing:a. Englishb. Germanc. Latind. Spanish
Latin
The prescription should be read and checked:a. infront of the patient/customerb. in the privacy of the pharmacyc. in the counter of the boticad. none of the above
in the privacy of the pharmacy
For dispensing thick viscous liquids, the container should be:a. standard prescriptionb. wide-mouthed bottlesc. collapsible tubesd. dropper bottles
wide-mouthed bottles
When the generic name is preceded by the brand name, the prescription is:a. erroneous prescriptionb. violative prescriptionc. impossible prescriptiond. none of the above
erroneous prescription
Generic dispensing means:a. dispensing drugs with generic names onlyb. dispensing with correct prescriptionc. dispensing the customer’s choice from generally equivalent drugsd. dispensing drugs in proper containers
dispensing the customer’s choice from generally equivalent drugs
When dispensing a compounded prescription, these information must be written on the label except:a. indicationsb. name and strength of actives c. name of manufacturerd. name of physician
name of physician
In a prescription, the dispensing directions to the pharmacist is the:a. superscriptionb. subscriptionc. inscriptiond. signa
subscription
How many mL will you dispense for a prescription calling for a 100 g of a liquid substance with a sp.gr. of 1.25?a. 75 mL b. 80 mLc. 85 mLd. 90 mL
80 mL
Providing the correct medicines at the right time at the right dose and using the right route of administration to theright patient is:a. primary careb. rational drug therapyc. osteopathyd. homeopathy
rational drug therapy
The following are true about dimercaprol except:a. British Anti-Lewisite b. Indicated for Fe poisoningc. indicated for as poisoningd. chemical antagonist
Indicated for Fe poisoning
Identify the odd-man-out:a. complete formation b. insolubilityc. liquefaction of solid ingredientsd. polymorphism
complete formation
Group of drugs commonly abused by athletes:a. anabolic steroidsb. dexamethasonec. antibioticsd. vitamins
anabolic steroids
Immediate remedy for anaphylaxis:a. epinephrine injection b. aspirinc. antihistamined. antibiotic
epinephrine injection
A drug whose action is affected in a drug interaction:a. precipitant b. object drugc. interactantd. none of the above
object drug
The following are remedies for oxidation except:a. acid pH b. change dosage formc. addition of antioxidantd. protection from light
acid pH
A suspension with the f. ingredients (FeCl3, Fe(OH)3, acacia, FD&C #5 (orange color) and methyl paraben will reveal this manifestation:a. polymerization b. gelatinizationc. cementationd. precipitation
gelatinization
The following are patient-related predisposing factors to ADRs except:a. age b. formulationc. genetic dispositiond. history of allergy
formulation
Probenecid and penicillin exhibits this type of interaction:a. enzyme induction b. enzyme inhibitionc. alteration in gastric emptyingd. competition for tubular secretion
competition for tubular secretion
Citric acid, atropine sulfate and ferrous sulfate are classified as:a. eutectic mixtures b. deliquescent substancesc. efflorescent substancesd. polymorphs
efflorescent substances
A mathematical model for synergism:a. 1 + 1 = 2 b. 1 + 1 = 8c. 0 + 1 = 2d. 1 + 1 = 0
1 + 1 = 8
Term for migration of the drug into the container:a. sorption b. leachingc. permeationd. vaporization
sorption
The conversion of an optically active drug with one chiral center into an optically inactive isomer:a. polymorphism b. enatiomerismc. epimerizationd. racemization
racemization
One of the violations committed by dispensing pharmacist is:a. informing the patient of the current list of available drugsb. imposing a particular brand or product on the buyerc. recording of prescriptions filledd. dispensing of the product according to the prescription
imposing a particular brand or product on the buyer
An impossible prescription is described by the following except:a. only the generic name is written but not legibleb. both generic & brand names are not legiblec. the generic name does not correspond to the brand named. the generic name is not legible and the brand is written legibly
the generic name is not legible and the brand is written legibly
The incorrect prescription that can be filled is the:a. impossible prescription b. erroneous prescriptionc. violative prescriptiond. none of the above
erroneous prescription
The date after which the product is not intended to be used:a. beyond-use date b. expiry datec. stop dated. both A & B
both A & B
The following are importance of recognizing potential incompatibilities, except:a. rewarding for the pharmacist b. savings in money, time effortc. safety o the patientd. quality medicines dispensed
rewarding for the pharmacist
Poor patient compliance with prescription instruction is usually due to the ff. except:a. patient understood pharmacists instructions poorlyb. pharmacist has poor communication skillsc. inadequate time of pharmacist for patient counselingd. any of the above
any of the above
HLB is a system used to distinguish between:a. surfactants b. glidants c. suspending agentsd. excipientse. disintegrators
surfactants
The purpose of the prescription number is:a. to identify the prescription for future referenceb. as a substitute for the name of the drugc. to guide the pharmacist in costingd. to provide professional fee to the medicine
to identify the prescription for future reference
In pricing the prescription, the pharmacist must consider:a. cost of ingredients b. professional feec. percentage mark-upd. all of the above
all of the above
If there is doubt in legibility of the prescription, the pharmacist should:a. decide based on patient’s ailment b. make an educated guessc. consult the prescriberd. consult MIMS
consult the prescriber
For the guidance of the patient, the prescription needs:a. signa b. subscriptionc. superscriptiond. inscription
signa
Importance of a label:a. for sake of art b. to establish identityc. to improve eleganced. to give prominence
to establish identity
An auxiliary label except:a. do not repeat b. for external usec. shake well before usingd. ophthalmic use
do not repeat
Refers to the schedule of dosing (e.g., QID, 10 days)a. divided doses b. dosage regimenc. single dosed. total dose
dosage regimen
When dispensing prepared dosage forms, the pharmacist may use which of the ff. dose equivalents?a. exact equivalentb. exact dosec. approximate dosed. a and b
a and b
Indicates the quantitative range or amounts of drug that maybe prescribed within the guidelines of usual medical practice.a. divided dose b. usual dosage rangec. loading dosed. total dose
usual dosage range
Which of the following dose not cause a therapeutic incompatibility?a. errors in pricing b. dosage form errorsc. loading dosed. errors of storage and supply
errors in pricing
An associated pharmacological effect of chlorphenamine maleate:a. hypotensionb. sedationc. headached. nausea
sedation
Ecstacy exhibits this type of ADR:a. Type Ab. Type Bc. Type Cd. Type D
Type C
Idiosyncratic reactions are considered:a. Type A ADR b. Type B ADRc. Type C ADRd. Type E ADR
Type B ADR
An anionic exchange resin intended to bind bile acids, cholesterol metabolites and co-administered drugs:a. chloramphenicol b. cholesterol precursorc. tetracyclined. colestyramine
colestyramine
Are added to drug formulations to prevent or reduce oxidationa. complexing agents b. surfactantsc. antioxidantsd. additives
antioxidants
This container is impervious to air and other gases under ordinary conditions of handling storage and transport:a. airtight container b. security closedc. hermitically sealedd. child-resistant container
hermitically sealed
Diuretics tend to enhance lithium salt toxicity due toa. direct drug interactionb. potassium depletionc. sodium depletiond. increase solubility of the lithium salts
sodium depletion
All of the following untoward effects are commonly associated with cancer chemotherapy EXCEPT:a. exfoliative dermatitisb. teratogenesisc. nausead. alocepia & leukemia
exfoliative dermatitis
Glass is a traditional packaging material which has been widely used for both liquid and solid dose forms. All of the following are types of glass containers, except:a. closures b. bottlesc. ear and nasal dropper bottlesd. containers for semi-solid preparation
closures
Used as pharmaceutical packaging materials include aluminum, tin and tin-coated leada. glass b. plasticsc. metalsd. paperboards
metals
How many grains are there in 5.0 g of strychnine sulfate?a. 10.4 grb. 20.4 grc. 77.2 grd. 0.99 rg
77.2 gr
How many doses of teaspoonful each are there in a 4-fl. Oz. bottle of medication?a. 10b. 20c. 24d. 30
24
To calculate a loading dose, one must first determine:a. body clearanceb. fraction protein boundc. volume of distributiond. all of the above
volume of distribution
Many diuretics tend to cause depletion of:a. potassiumb. sodiumc. carbonate iond. urea
potassium
Corticosteroids are frequently given with antacids toa. enhance absorptionb. slow absorptionc. reduce ulceration and bleedingd. increase the rate of distribution
reduce ulceration and bleeding
The functions of suspending agents include the ff. except:a. prevent oxidation-reduce reactionb. increase the viscosity of the vehiclec. slow down the rate of settling downd. cause the preparation to remain in suspension
prevent oxidation-reduce reaction
General corrections of incompatibilities include all of the ff. except:a. separation of immiscible liquids b. change of vehiclec. use of a different brandd. substitution of ingredients
use of a different brand
Route of administration where drugs are applied to the skin surface to be absorbed slowly into the systemic circulationa. transdermal route b. inhalation routec. buccal routed. rectal route
transdermal route
Involves the degradation of the drug or excipients through reaction with the solvents present in the formulations:a. solvolysis b. oxidationc. photolysisd. polymerization
solvolysis
Degradationof drugs or excipient molecules can be brought about by light, either room lights or sunlight.a. solvolysisb. oxidationc. photolysisd. polymerization
photolysis
Remedy when a solid substance faild to dissolve in a liquida. addition of an inert ingredientsb. prepare an emulsionc. prepare a suspensiond. dispensing the ingredients separately
prepare a suspension
Occurs immediately upon compounding like presence of precipitate; Effervescene of color changes.a. minor incompatibility b. delayed incompatibilityc. immediate incompatibilityd. major incompatibility
immediate incompatibility
Combinations liable to produce therapeutic incompatibilities when administered at the same time except:a. sedatives and stimulants b. tannins and aloinsc. caffeine and chloral hydrated. aspirin and warfarin
aspirin and warfarin
Water is most likely to cause instability on the following drugs, except:a. Penicillins b. Cephalosporinsc. Alkaloidsd. Benzodiazepines
Alkaloids
Aspirin hydrolizes in water giving acetic acid anda. salicylic acid b. oxalic acidc. formic acidd. tricarboxylic acid
salicylic acid
During drug interaction, the affected drug may become more active resulting to the following except:a. increase drug activityb. longer therapeutic action c. less effectived. toxicity
less effective
It occurs when drugs are mixed inappropriately in syringes or infusion fluids prior to administration.a. pharmacodynamic interaction b. pharmaceutical interactionc. pharmacokinetic interactiond. all of the above
pharmaceutical interaction
Which statement is not true regarding Lithium-NSAID combination?a. NSAID impaired renal synthesis of bronchodilator prostaglandinb. NSAID antagonize the renal excretion of lithiumc. NSAID may cause sodium and water retentiond. NSAID inhibit prostaglandin dependent renal excretion of lithium.
NSAID impaired renal synthesis of bronchodilator prostaglandin
Delay in gastric-emptying time for the drug to reach the duodenum will ______, thereby prolonging the onset oftime for the drug.a. slow the rate and extent of drug distributionb. slow the rate and extent of drug absorptionc. increase the rate and extent of drug absorptiond. increase the rate and extent of drug metabolism
slow the rate and extent of drug absorption
Factors that tend to reduce stomach contraction and gastric emptying rate except:a. consumption of meals high in fat b. patient lying on left sidec. depressiond. hyperthyroidism
hyperthyroidism
This drug inhibits the Vit. K dependent synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX and Xa. Tetracycle b. Diphenhydraimec. Warfarind. Aspirin
Warfarin
Low potassium level in blood produced by diuretics:a. hypokalemiab. hyponatriac. hypocalcemiad. hyperuricemia
hypokalemia
Increased sugar level in the blood over normal level. a. hypercalcemia b. hyperkalemiac. hyperglycemia d. hyperuricemias
hyperglycemia
True types of incompatibilitiesa. Unintentional or Unexpected Incompatibilitiesb. Intentional or Unexpected Incompatibilitiesc. Immediate Incompatibilitiesd. Delayed Incompatibilities
Unintentional or Unexpected Incompatibilities
Optimum absorption takes place in thea. gastrointestinal tract b. receptorc. stomachd. small intestine
small intestine
Type of drug strongly bound to albumin:a. basic drug b. acidic drugs c. alkaline drugsd. all of the above
acidic drugs
Pharmacokinetically, enzyme induction will result to the following, except:a. peak level decreases b. accelerated metabolism c. increased overall elimination rated. pharmacological responses are decreased
pharmacological responses are decreased
Principal site of drug metabolisma. liver b. kidneyc. stomachd. small intestine
liver
Major pathway of excretion are via the kidney into the urine and via the liver into thea. bileb. urine c. alveolar aird. feces
feces
In basic urine, acidic drugs area. un-ionized, hence reabsorbed, decrease half lifeb. more ionized, not reabsorbed, decrease half lifec. more un-ionized, not reabsorbed, increase half lifed. un-ionized, not reabsorbed, increases elimination rate
more ionized, not reabsorbed, decrease half life
Decreased urinary recycling, increases elimination rate constant hencea. increases half lifeb. longer duration of pharmacologic responsec. shortens duration of pharmacologic responsed. increases therapeutic concentration in the body
shortens duration of pharmacologic response
In acidic urine, acidic drugs are more un-ionized, hencea. reabsorbed, increase in half life b. not reabsorbed, increase in half life c. reabsorbed, decrease in half lifed. not reabsorbed, decrease in half life
reabsorbed, increase in half life
In acidic urine, basic drugs area. more ionized, hence not reabsorbed, decrease in half lifeb. un-ionized, hence not reabsorbed, decrease in half lifec. more ionized hence not reabsorbed, increase half life
more ionized, hence not reabsorbed, decrease in half life
Increase urinary recycling increase half hence, expecta. decreases elimination rate constantb. blood levels rise and persist longerc. danger of toxicity in multiple dosingd. increases elimination rate constant
increases elimination rate constant
Which statement is incorrect regarding interaction involving tyramine containing substance and MAO inhibitor?a. inhibition of MAO result in the accumulation of large amounts of norepinephrineb. decrease in the rate of intracellular metabolismc. large amount of norephinephrine can cause severe headache and hypertensiond. large amount of stored norepinephrine can cause hypotensive crisis
large amount of stored norepinephrine can cause hypotensive crisis
Acidic group of amino acids responsible for binding basic drugs, excepta. glutamic b. asparticc. lysined. tyrosine
lysine
Interactions that arise with drug acting on the receptors, sites of action or physiological systema. pharmaceutical interactions b. pharmacodynamic interactions c. pharmacokinetic interactionsd. change in body fluids and electrolyte balances
pharmacodynamic interactions
Factors that reduced binding capacity to albumin, excepta. liver impairment b. smoking c. during pregnancyd. nenonates patient
nenonates patient
Phenobarbital-Antihistamine drug combinations will result toa. Phenobarbital metabolism is accelerated by antihistamineb. Antihistamine metabolism is accelerated by Phenobarbitalc. Phenobarbital peak level increasesd. Decreased Phenobarbital overall elimination rate
Antihistamine metabolism is accelerated by Phenobarbital
Petition for favor of healing and warning from great care and precaution.a. Rx b. Signa c. Magistral Pharmacyd. Mark thou
Rx
The approved clinical use of the product based on substantial evidence of the efficacy and safety of the druga. warning b. formulationc. pharmacologic categoryd. indication
indication
Instruction and special care to avoid undesired effects and to ensure the safe and effective use of the producta. warnings b. precautions c. contraindicationsd. indications
precautions
Generic equivalent drugs are finished pharmaceutical products having same ingredients, same dosage form, andthe same strength. They differ only ina. generic name b. brand name c. international non-proprietaryd. active constituents
brand name
Drug products that are considered prohibited, expecta. Heroine and Morphine b. Coca leaf and its derivative cocaine c. Mescaline and Indian Hempd. Secobarbital
Secobarbital
Regulated drug, excepta. LSD b. Amphetamine c. Methaqualoned. Phenobarbital
LSD
Violation on the part of the pharmacist in generic dispensing, excepta. adequately inform the buyer about available products that meet the prescriptionb. failure to record and file the prescription filedc. imposing a particular brand or product to the buyerd. failure to report to the nearest office cases of incorrect prescriptions within 3 months after receipt ofsuch prescriptions
adequately inform the buyer about available products that meet the prescription
Exempt prohibited drugs, excepta. Lomotil b. Benzodiazepinesc. Robitussin AC syrupd. Phenergon Expectorant with Codeine
Benzodiazepines
Drugs requiring strict precautions in their use, excepta. Methotrexate b. Codein c.Nitrofurantoind. Phenytoin
Codein
Official name of drug products containing 2 or more active ingredients with single INNa. INN of the combination productsb. generic names of 2 or more active ingredientsc. based on the nomenclature used by the PNDFd. products with standards formulations included in the current PNDF
INN of the combination products
Source/s of information regarding incompatibilitiesa. Remington b. USP c. Product insertsd. all of the above
all of the above
This parchment scroll found in Egypt mentioned 700 drugs with formulas for more than 800 remediesa. Papyrus Ebers b. De Materia Medica c. Remingtond. USP NF
Papyrus Ebers
The chief active constituenta. base b. vehicle c. correctived. adjuvant
base
Instruction for patient in taking the medicationa. transcription b. inscription c. superscriptiond. subscription
transcription
Part of a label that is most likely to be presented, shown or examined under customary conditions for display for retail sale.a. outer label b. principal display panel c. inner labeld. label
principal display panel
Patron saints of medicine and pharmacya. Cosmas and Damian b. St. Peter c. George Ebersd. Don Leon Ma. Guerrero
Cosmas and Damian
Combination of salt substitute and potassium sparing drugs will result toa. hyperkalemia b. tachycardia c. alkalosisd. calcemia
hyperkalemia
A written order signed by a licensed medical practitioner for medicine to be compounded by a pharmacist tomeet the needs of a certain person at a particular timea. letter b. prescription c. recommendationd. receipt
prescription
It forms the beginning of a direct order from the prescriber to the compoundera. inscription b. superscription c. subscriptiond. errors in the written order
superscription
Dispensing directions to the pharmacist isa. inscription b. subscriptionc. superscriptiond. transcription
subscription
A prescription where the generic name is not writtena. violative Rx b. erroneous Rxc. impossible Rxd. yellow DDB Rx
violative Rx
The part of the prescription which directs the patient what to do is:a. signa b. inscription c. subscriptiond. superscription
signa
A prescription where the generic name does not correspond to the brand namea. violative Rx b. erroneous Rx c. impossible Rxd. yellow DDB Rx
impossible Rx
The meaning of the abbreviation p.c. in the signa of a prescriptiona. as necessaryb. after mealc. at bedtimed. sufficient quantity
after meal
Complimentary list is a list of ________ drug used when there in no response to the core essential lista. alternative b. substitute c. additionald. supplementary
alternative
When suppositories containing phenol causes the vehicle to soften the melting point may be raised by adding:a. lanolin b. petrolatum c. fixed oild. vehicle
petrolatum
Which one of the following antacid products is a chemical combination of aluminum and magnesium hydroxides?a. Maalox b. Mylanta c. Riopand. Gelusil
Riopan
Simethicone is most likely to be included in what type of OTC product.a. antacids b. cough products c. decongestantd. laxative
antacids
The label text outside the principal display panel on the immediate container of pharmaceutical products as specified by RA 3720 contains the following information except:a. formulation b. contraindication c. batch and/or lot numberd. mode of administration
contraindication
The ophylline when taken with high fat breakfast will result to the ff:a. combination reduces the amount of theophyllineb. action of theophylline is enhanced by the fat presentc. combination increases the metabolism of theophyllined. both have synergistic effects
action of theophylline is enhanced by the fat present
Valium and Tagamet combination will not result to one from the ff:a. Tagamet delay elimination of anti-anxiety agentb. Increased sedation and dizzinessc. Blood levels of anti-anxiety drug increasedd. Valium increases the metabolism of Tagamet
Valium increases the metabolism of Tagamet
The “NO SUBSTITUTION” instruction is seen ona. erroneous prescription b. impossible prescription c. violative prescriptiond. any of the above
violative prescription
A STAT order means the drug has to be administereda. as needed by the patient b. at the hour of sleep c. immediatelyd. before surgery
immediately
Piroxicam is a /an:a. prohibited drug b. regulated drug c. OTC drugd. any of these answers
OTC drug
If the pharmacist doubts the correctness of the prescription, he should:a. consult the patient b. consult the prescriber of the patient c. consult other pharmacistd. base decision on ailment
consult the prescriber of the patient
Providing the correct medicine at the correct time, in the correct dose and the correct route of administration is called:a. primary care c. osteopathyb. rational drug therapy c. osteopathyd. homeopathy
rational drug therapy
When the word otic appears on the label of the drug, the patient should be informed that the drug is applied on tha. mouth b. ear c. eyesd. nose
ear
In pricing prescription, the pharmacist must considera. cost of ingredients b. professional fee c. percentage mark upd. all of the above
all of the above
Salt of zinc that is valuable as an eyewash for the treatment of conjunctivitisa. zinc sulfate b. zinc chloride c. zinc oxided. all of these answers
zinc sulfate
The antiseptic property of hydrogen peroxide is due toa. ozoneb. acetanilide c. peroxidased. oxygen
oxygen
Which of the following is most closely related to cefazolin?a. Erythromycin b. Moxalactam c. ampicillind. Carbencilline. Gentamycin
Moxalactam
Failure to mix or dissolve when two or more ingredients are combined may be termed as:a. adverse reactions b. physical incompatability c. drug precipitationd. complexation
physical incompatability
The unusual result of triturating camphor and menthol isa. b. synergistic effect c. solidification c. solidification d. lowering of melting point
liquefaction
Mixture of phenolic, aldehyde, ketonic compounds and alcohols are examples ofa. insoluble substances b. hydroscopic substancesc. delinquent substancesd. eutectic mixtures
eutectic mixtures
Substances which absorb moisture from the air are called:a. effervescent powders b. hygroscopic powders c. anhydrous powdersd. efflorescent powders
hygroscopic powders
Liquefaction of crystalline salt occurs on trituration is due to:a. addition of water b. addition of other liquid ingredient c. absorption of moisture from the aird. liberation of water of crystallization
liberation of water of crystallization
Urinary alkalinizer administered with sulfonamides treatment to prevent crystalluriaa. Na2CO3b. NaHCO3 c. NaOH or KOHd. Na2CO3 10H2O
NaHCO3
NPO means:a. patient should be given drugs after mealsb. patient should be given drugs before mealsc. patient should not be given anything by mouthd. patient should be left undisturbed
patient should not be given anything by mouth
Drugs that can be dispensed only through a yellow prescription pad:a. essential drugs b. dangerous drugsc. OTC productsd. prescription drugs
dangerous drugs
The objective of the Generic Law is toa. provide the patient the choice of drugs at the lowest costb. provide regulated drugsc. provide prohibited drugsd. use habit forming drugs
provide the patient the choice of drugs at the lowest cost
Zephiran is used in ophthalmic solution as:a. suspending agent b. surfactant c. antimicrobial agentd. antimicrobial agent and surfactant
antimicrobial agent
The lowering of melting point is called:a. evolution b. eutexia c. hydrolysisd. none of these
eutexia
The combination of NaHCO3 with an organic acid (citric or tartaric acid) will result in:a. precipitationb. color changes c. oxidationd. effervescence
effervescence
When an oxidizing agent is triturated in a mortar with a reducing agent, this would likely result to:a. formation of damp mass b. discoloration of powders c. violent explosiond. volatilization of some of the ingredients
violent explosion
The reaction between sodium bicarbonate and aspirin would result to:a. formation of precipitate b. evolution of gasc. hydrolytic changesd. invisible changes
evolution of gas
Benzalkonium chloride is incompatible with:a. soap b. cationic agent c. a & bd. none of the above
soap
Chemical incompatibility includes all of the following except:a. racemzation b. implosion c. cementationd. liquefaction
liquefaction
When the response of a patient to one or more drugs is different in nature than that intended by the prescriber is called:a. antagonistic incompatibility b. chemical incompatibilityc. therapeutic incompatibilityd. physical incompatibility
therapeutic incompatibility
Adverse drug reactions characterized by exaggerated or inordinate response to normal doses of a drug:a. idiosyncrasy b. allergy c. hypersensitivityd. potentiation
hypersensitivity
Occurs when one drug increases the action of another drug:a. potentiation b. antagonism c. summationd. cummation/potentiation
potentiation
Isotonic solution of this substance will still cause hemolysis of RBCa. benzoic acid b. boric acid c. sodium bicarbonated. sodium benzoate
boric acid
Substance used as a test for liver function by measuring the amount of hippuric acid in urinea. sodium borate b. aspirin c. sodium salicylated. all of the above
all of the above
The risk of aspirin in children with fever due to viral infection:a. Gray baby syndrome b. Reye’s syndrome c. bone fractiond. all of the above
Reye’s syndrome
Alcohol is a specific potentiating agent when used with:a. penicilline b. antihistamine c. aspirind. sulfonamide
antihistamine
The combined action of two or more drugs which results in an Enhancement or intensifying effects is termed:a. metabolism b. antagonism c. stimulationd. synergism
synergism
Sodium benzoate is effective as a preservative if the pH of the preparation is:a. above 4 b. above 7 c. below 4d. below 7
below 4
Upon exposure to air, aminophylline solution may develop:a. gas b. a precipitate of aminophylline c. crystals of theophyllined. a straw color
crystals of theophylline
The degradation reaction for aspirin involves:a. hydrolysis b. racemization c. oxidationd. photolysis
hydrolysis
Reactions which are noxious, unintended and which occur at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis,diagnosis or therapy:a. drug interaction b. adverse drug reactions c. pharmacodynamicd. therapeutic incompatibilities
adverse drug reactions
The ingestion of alcoholic drinks while on analgesic or sedative therapy represents a commonly encountered drug interaction that may result in:a. tolerance b. antagonism c. excessive CNS stimulatond. excessive CNS depression
excessive CNS depression
Biological half life of many drugs is often prolonged in newborn infants because of:a. incompletely developed enzyme systemb. microsomal enzyme inhibitionc. higher protein bindingd. well developed renal function
incompletely developed enzyme system
To prevent errors, the pharmacist uses:a. his knowledge of pharmacognosy b. his knowledge of chemistry c. his broad knowledge of drugsd. his knowledge of diseases
his broad knowledge of drugs
The following are aminoglycosides, except:a. quinidine b. kanamycin c. streptomycind. neomycin
quinidine
Theophylline is used for:a. asthmatic b. diabetic c. hypertensive patientsd. all of these answers
asthmatic
Drugs that should not be given to children with chicken pox of flu symptoms:a. acetaminophen b. aspirinc. ibuprofend. all of these answers
aspirin
Drug that should not be given to patients who have undergone surgery including dental surgerya. aspirin b. acetaminophenc. ibuprofend. all of these answers
aspirin
Aspirin with antacids will cause:a. alteration of pH b. complexation and adsorption c. alteration of GIT florad. alteration of motility
alteration of pH
The most serious drug-induced blood disorder:a. aplastic anemia b. leukemia c.agranulocytosisd. thrombocytopenia
aplastic anemia
The most clinically significant adverse drug reaction affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract results from the use of:a. NSAIDS b. antabusec. phenobarbitald. aspirin
NSAIDS
Used in the treatment of alcoholism by inhibiting activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase:a. probenecid b. antabuse c. Phenobarbitald. aspirin
antabuse
A reaction that is noxious and unintended, which occurs in doses used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis and therapy:a. drug interaction b. adverse drug reaction c. adverse drug effectsd. pharmacodynamic effects
adverse drug reaction c. adverse drug effects
Allergic reactions that are due to a person’s immune response:a. hypersensitivity b. idiosyncrasy c. adverse drug effectsd. potentiation
hypersensitivity
A type of synergism in which the combined effect is equal to the additive effect of the combined drugs is termed:a. potentiation b. summation c. metabolismd. hyperactivity
summation
Which of the following factors influence drug metabolism and metabolic pathway?a. genetic variation b. antioxidant c. physiologic or disease stated. none of these answers
none of these answers
A metal catalyzed oxidation reaction pathway can be prevented by:a. chelating agents b. antioxidant c. surface active agentsd. none of these answes
chelating agents
Which of the following factors may make it necessary to give lower doses of drugs to geriatric patients?a. reduced enzyme activity b. reduced kidney function c. enhanced absorptiond. a and b
a and b
This reaction isclassifiedunder Bizzare reactions (type B):a. anaphylactic shock b. teratogenesis c. adverse effectd. drug dependence
anaphylactic shock
Consequence of diverse drug reactions:a. increased mortality b. prolonged hospital stay c. increased cost of therapyd. all of the above
all of the above
A common adverse effect related to the use of aluminum antacidsa. nausea b. vomiting c. constipationsd. all of the above
constipations
Tetracyclines tend to form complexes with:a. iron saltsb. magnesium salts c. calcium saltsd. all of the above
all of the above
Alcohol is a specific potentiating agent when used with:a. sulfonamides b.antihistamines c. aspirind.penicillin
antihistamines
Increases serum levels and prolongs agent the activity of penicillin derivatives by blocking the latter’s tubular excretion:a. probenecid b. indomethacin c. propranolold. methyldopa
probenecid
Well known side effects of salicylate therapy:a. tinnitus b. vomiting c. headached. nausea
tinnitus
Most common side effects of erythromycin therapy:a. anaphylaxis b. ototoxicity c. headached. abdominal cramps
abdominal cramps
A drug that increases the anticoagulant action of warfarin because its metabolite competes with the anticoagulant for plasma protein binding sites:a. tolbutamide b. aspirin c. chloral hydrated. diazepam
chloral hydrate
Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase and thus increases the plasma levels of:a. mercaptopurine b. chloral hydrate c. disulfiramd. aspirin
mercaptopurine
Aspirin combines with Phenylsalicylate resulting to:a. melting b. non-homogenous mixture c. turbid solutiond. moist mass
moist mass
A formulation of FeSO4 Suspension cannot use Acacia as a suspending agent, because the final product may exhibit:a. gelatinization b. prescipitation c. cementationd. oxidation
gelatinization
Cold preparations when taken in large doses may interact with:
a. sedatives
b. guaiafenisin
c. MAOIs
d. a and c
a and c
Which of the following properties would characterize a drug when it is bound to plasma albumin?
a. it is biologically inactive
b. it can pass through the glomerulus
c. it is promptly metabolized
d. a and b
it is biologically inactive
Traditional classification of adverse drug reactions:
a. side effect
b. extension effect
c. allergy
d. all of the above
all of the above
These reactions belongs to Augmented type (type A):
a. extension effect
b. allergy
c. side effect
d. a and c
a and c
The ff. drugs often precipitate an interaction when administered with a second drug, except:
a. sedation
b. headache
c. hemolytic anemia
d. hypokalemia
hemolytic anemia
The following response belong to Type B adverse drug reactions, except:
a. allergy of Cefotaxime
b. aplastic anemia in patients taking chloramphenicol
c. facial abnormalities in babies born to alcoholic mothers
d. peripheral neuritis in a british missionary ill with tuberculosis
facial abnormalities in babies born to alcoholic mothers
An ointment is prepared by incorporating 10 g of a drug into 100 g of White petrolatum. What is the percent w/w of active ingredient?
a. 10.0%
b. 9.1%
c. 0.91%
d. 0.95%
e. none of the above
9.1%
What is the proof strength of a 50% (v/v) solution of alcohol?
a. 25 proof
b. 50 proof
c. 100 proof
d. 75 proof
e. 150 proof
100 proof
Certified dyes may NOT be used in the area of:
a. the eye
b. the scalp
c. the lips
d. the nose
e. all of the above
the eye
The principal use of magnesium stearate in pharmaceutics an as a (an):
a. lubricant
b. antacid
c. source of magnesium ion
d. disintegrator
e. binder
lubricant
The major use of titanium dioxide in pharmacy is in:
a. sunscreens
b. antacid tablets
c. capsule as a diluent
d. effervescent salts
e. emulsions
sunscreens
A synonym for vitamin C is
a. riboflavin
b. tocopherol
c. ascorbic acid
d. cyanocobalamin
e. thiamine
ascorbic acid
Activated charcoal is used in some antidotes because of which of its properties?
a. neutralizing
b. emetic
c. absorptive
d. adsorptive
e. stabilizing
adsorptive
The abbreviations SOS on prescription means:
a. at once
b. freely
c. if needed
d. do not repeat
e. on alternate days
if needed
Clindamycin is closely related to which of the following in effective spectrum?
a. Chloramphenicol
b. Tobramycin
c. Kanamycin
d. Lincomycin
e. It is unique in spectrum
Lincomycin
