Module 3 Core Solutions and Management Tools

Question 1

Common sensors that measure attributes of the physical world. (IoT)

Answer 1

1. Environmental sensors that capture temperature and humidity levels
2. Barcode, QR code, or optical character (OCR) scanners
3. Geo-location and proximity sensors
4. Light, color, and infrared sensors
5. Sound and ultrasonic sensors
6. Motion and touch sensors
7. Accelerometer and tilt sensors
8. Smoke, gas, and alcohol sensors
9. Error sensors to detect when there’s a problem with the device
10. Mechanical sensors that detect anomalies or deformations
11. Flow, level and pressure sensors for measuring gases and liquids

Question 2

Enumerate Azure IoT Services

Answer 2

1. Azure IoT Hub
2. Azure IoT Central
3. Azure Sphere

Question 3

By using _____________, devices that are equipped with these kinds of sensors and that can connect to the internet could send their sensor readings to a specific endpoint in Azure via a message. The message’s data is then collected and aggregated, and it can be converted into reports and alerts. Alternately, all devices could be updated with new firmware to fix issues or add new functionality by sending software updates from ____________ to each device.

Answer 3

Azure IoT services

Question 4

___________ is a managed service that’s hosted in the cloud and that acts as a central message hub for bi-directional communication between your IoT application and the devices it manages.

Answer 4

Azure IoT Hub

Question 5

The ________ service supports communications both from the device to the cloud and from the cloud to the device. It also supports multiple messaging patterns, such as device-to-cloud telemetry, file upload from devices, and request-reply methods to control your devices from the cloud. After an _______ receives messages from a device, it can route that message to other Azure services.

Answer 5

IoT Hub

Question 6

From a cloud-to-device perspective, IoT Hub allows for ____________. That is, you can have either manual or automated remote control of connected devices, so you can instruct the device to open valves, set target temperatures, restart stuck devices, and so on.

Answer 6

Command and control

Question 7

___________ builds on top of IoT Hub by adding a dashboard that allows you to connect, monitor, and manage your IoT devices.

Answer 7

Azure IoT Central

Question 8

A key part of _________ is the use of device templates. By using a device template, you can connect a device without any service-side coding. ________ uses the templates to construct the dashboards, alerts, and so on. Device developers still need to create code to run on the devices, and that code must match the device template specification.

Answer 8

IoT Central

Question 9

_________ creates an end-to-end, highly secure IoT solution for customers that encompasses everything from the hardware and operating system on the device to the secure method of sending messages from the device to the message hub. _________ has built-in communication and security features for internet-connected devices.

Answer 9

Azure Sphere

Question 10

Enumerate the three parts of an Azure Sphere

Answer 10

1. Azure Sphere micro-controller unit (MCU)
   - responsible for processing the operating system and signals from attached sensors
2. Customized Linux Operating System (OS)
   - handles communication with the security service and can run the vendor’s software
3. Azure Sphere Security Service (AS3)
   - makes sure that the device has not been maliciously compromised

Question 11

When the device attempts to connect to Azure, it first must authenticate itself, per device, which it does by using certificate-based authentication. If it authenticates successfully, AS3 checks to ensure that the device hasn’t been tampered with. After it has established a secure channel of communication, AS3 pushes any OS or approved customer-developed software updates to the device (Azure Sphere)

Answer 11

True.

1. Device authenticates itself
2. AS3 checks to make sure that the device has not been tampered with
3. AS3 pushes updates to the device.

Question 12

What are the decision criteria for deciding which Azure IoT Service to use?

Answer 12

1. Is it critical to ensure that the device is not compromised?
2. Do I need a dashboard for reporting and management?

Question 13

Decision (IoT services):
The Tailwind Traders senior leadership team has decided to partner with a leading appliance manufacture to create an exclusive, high-end brand that promises a preemptive maintenance service agreement. This unique feature would differentiate Tailwind Traders appliances in a crowded, competitive market. The feature also makes the brand lucrative, because a yearly subscription would be required. To build a strong brand reputation, the appliances will send telemetry information to a centralized location, where it can be analyzed and maintenance can be scheduled.

The devices will not require remote control. They will merely be sending their telemetry data for analysis and pro-active maintenance.

Because Tailwind Traders already has software in place for managing appliance maintenance requests, the company wants to integrate all functionality into this existing system.

Which Azure IoT service should they use?

Answer 13

Decision Criteria

1. Is it critical to ensure that the device is not compromised?
   - Preferable, but not critical.
2. Do I need a dashboard for reporting and management?
   - No. Tailwind Traders wants to integrate the telemetry data and all other functionality into an existing maintenance request system.

Best Decision: Azure IoT Hub

Question 14

Decision (IoT services):
Tailwind Traders owns a fleet of delivery vehicles that transport products from warehouses to distribution centers, and from distribution centers to stores and homes. The company is looking for a complete logistics solution that takes data sent from an onboard vehicle computer and turns it into actionable information.

Furthermore, shipments can be outfitted with sensors from a third-party vendor to collect and monitor ambient conditions. These sensors can collect information such as the temperature, humidity, tilt, shock, light, and the location of a shipment.

A few goals of this logistics system include:

• Shipment monitoring with real-time tracing and tracking.
• Shipment integrity with real-time ambient condition monitoring.
• Security from theft, loss, or damage of shipments.
• Geo-fencing, route optimization, fleet management, and vehicle analytics.
• Forecasting for predictable departure and arrival of shipments.

The company would prefer a pre-built solution to collect the sensor and vehicle computer data, and provide a graphical user interface that displays reports about shipments and vehicles.

Answer 14

Decision Criteria

1. Is it critical to ensure that the device is not compromised?
   - Preferable, but not critical.
2. Do I need a dashboard for reporting and management?
   - Yes, a reporting and management dashboard is a requirement.

Best Decision: Azure IoT Central

Question 15

Decision (IoT services):
Tailwind Traders wants to implement a touchless point-of-sale solution for self-checkout. The self-checkout terminals should be, above all else, secure. Each terminal must be impervious to malicious code that could create fraudulent transactions, force the company to take the systems offline during a heavy shopping period, or send transactional data to a spying organization. The terminals should also report back vital information on the company’s health and allow secure updates to its software remotely.

After reviewing many possible solutions during a request for proposal process, Tailwind Traders decides that it needs features that vendors have yet to implement. Instead of using an existing solution, the company decides to work with a leading engineering firm that specializes in IoT solutions. This approach allows the company to build a uniquely secure terminal that gives it a retail platform to build on going forward.

Although most of the company’s focus is on the terminal itself, Tailwind Traders realizes that it wants a solution that can help it make sense of all the data that will be generated by these terminals across all of its retail stores. And it wants an easy way to push software updates to its terminals.

Answer 15

1. Is it critical to ensure that the device is not compromised?
   - Yes
2. Do I need a dashboard for reporting and management?
   - Yes

Best Decision: Azure IoT Central and Azure Sphere

Question 16

Enumerate services of Microsoft Azure for big data and analytic solutions.

Answer 16

1. Azure Synapse Analytics (formerly known as Azure SQL Data Warehouse)
2. Azure HDInsight
3. Azure Databricks
4. Azure Data Lake Analytics

Question 17

____________ (formerly Azure SQL Data Warehouse) is a limitless analytics service that brings together enterprise data warehousing and big data analytics. You can query data on your terms by using either serverless or provisioned resources at scale. You have a unified experience to ingest, prepare, manage, and serve data for immediate BI and machine learning needs.

Answer 17

Azure Synapse Analytics

Question 18

____________ is a fully managed, open-source analytics service for enterprises. It’s a cloud service that makes it easier, faster, and more cost-effective to process massive amounts of data. You can run popular open-source frameworks and create cluster types such as Apache Spark, Apache Hadoop, Apache Kafka, Apache HBase, Apache Storm, and Machine Learning Services. ________ also supports a broad range of scenarios such as extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL), data warehousing, machine learning, and IoT.

Answer 18

Azure HDInsight

Question 19

____________ helps you unlock insights from all your data and build artificial intelligence solutions. You can set up your Apache Spark environment in minutes, and then autoscale and collaborate on shared projects in an interactive workspace. ___________ supports Python, Scala, R, Java, and SQL, as well as data science frameworks and libraries including TensorFlow, PyTorch, and scikit-learn.

Answer 19

Azure Databricks

Question 20

_____________ is an on-demand analytics job service that simplifies big data. Instead of deploying, configuring, and tuning hardware, you write queries to transform your data and extract valuable insights. The analytics service can handle jobs of any scale instantly by setting the dial for how much power you need. You only pay for your job when it’s running, making it more cost-effective.

Answer 20

Azure Data Lake Analytics

Question 21

What are the two basic approaches to AI?

Answer 21

1. Deep learning system
   - modeled on the neural network of the human mind, enabling it to discover, learn, and grow through experience.
2. Machine learning
   - a data science technique that uses existing data to train a model, test it, and then apply the model to new data to forecast future behaviors, outcomes, and trends.

Question 22

What are the primary product offerings from Microsoft for AIs?

Answer 22

1. Azure Machine Learning
2. Azure Cognitive Services
3. Azure Bot Service

Question 23

What are the steps in building a Machine Learning System?

Answer 23

1. Define a goal for the system (i.e. detect if a machine is in need of maintenance)
2. Acquire Sample Data - must contain results correlated to the goal

Subsets of data

a. Training data - used for building the algorithm
b. Evaluation data - used to test the algorithm

3. Choose a Model
4. Generate an algorithm
5. Test Algorithm - using evaluation data
6. Deploy the system in live environment

Question 24

____________ is a platform for making predictions. It consists of tools and services that allow you to connect to data to train and test models to find one that will most accurately predict a future result. After you’ve run experiments to test the model, you can deploy and use it in real time via a web API endpoint.

Answer 24

Azure Machine Learning

Question 25

When will you choose Azure Machine Learning?

Answer 25

Choose Azure Machine Learning when your data scientists need complete control over the design and training of an algorithm using your own data.

Question 26

Enumerate the capabilities of Azure Machine Learning

Answer 26

With Azure Machine Learning, you can: Create a process that defines how to obtain data, how to handle missing or bad data, how to split the data into either a training set or test set, and deliver the data to the training process. Train and evaluate predictive models by using tools and programming languages familiar to data scientists. Create pipelines that define where and when to run the compute-intensive experiments that are required to score the algorithms based on the training and test data. Deploy the best-performing algorithm as an API to an endpoint so it can be consumed in real time by other applications.

Question 27

________________ provides prebuilt machine learning models that enable applications to see, hear, speak, understand, and even begin to reason. Use _______________ to solve general problems, such as analyzing text for emotional sentiment or analyzing images to recognize objects or faces. You don't need special machine learning or data science knowledge to use these services. Developers access Azure Cognitive Services via APIs and can easily include these features in just a few lines of code

Answer 27

Azure Cognitive Services

Question 28

What is the main difference between Azure Machine Learning and Azure Cognitive Services?

Answer 28

Azure Machine Learning requires you to bring you own data and train models over that data. Azure Cognitive Services provides pretrained models so that you can bring in your live data to get predictions on.

Question 29

What are the four categories of Azure Cognitive Services?

Answer 29

1. Language services - allow apps to process natural language with prebuilt scripts, evaluate sentiment, and learn how to recognize what users want. 2. Speech services - convert speech into text and text into natural-sounding speech. Translate from one language to another and enable speaker verification and recognition 3. Vision services - add recognition and identification capabilities when you're analyzing pictures, videos, and other visual content. 4. Decision services - add personalized recommendation for each user that automatically improve each time they're used, moderate content to monitor and remove offensive or risky content, and detect abnormalities in your time series data.

Question 30

_____________ and Bot Framework are platforms for creating virtual agents that understand and reply to questions just like a human. ____________ is a bit different from Azure Machine Learning and Azure Cognitive Services in that it has a specific use case. Namely, it creates a virtual agent that can intelligently communicate with humans. Behind the scenes, the bot you build uses other Azure services, such as Azure Cognitive Services, to understand what their human counterparts are asking for.

Answer 30

Azure Bot Service

Question 31

What are the decision criteria in deciding which Azure AI service to use?

Answer 31

1. Are you building a virtual agent that interfaces with humans via natural language? (Azure Bot Service) 2. Do you need a service that can understand the content and meanings of images, video, or audio, or that can translate text into a different language? (Azure Cognitive Services) 3. Do you need to predict user behavior or provide users with personalized recommendations in your app? (Azure Cognitive Services) 4. Will your app predict future outcomes based on private historical data? (Azure Machine Learning) 5. Do you need to build a model by using your own data or perform a different task than those listed above? (Azure Machine Learning)

Question 32

A prebuilt, no-code solutions available from Azure Marketplace used to build, train, and publish a sophisticated bot that uses FAQ pages, support websites, product manuals, SharePoint documents, or editorial content through an easy-to-use UI or via REST APIs

Answer 32

QnA Maker

Question 33

True or False: Azure Cognitive Services is general purpose, meaning that many different kinds of customers can benefit from the work that Microsoft has already done to train and test these models and offer them inexpensively at scale.

Answer 33

True.

Question 34

Decision (AI services): The Tailwind Traders e-commerce website allows its customers to browse and purchase items that can be delivered or picked up from a retail store nearest to their location. The Marketing team is convinced that it can increase sales dramatically by suggesting add-on products that complement the items in a shopper's cart at the point of checkout. The team could hard-code these suggestions, but it feels that a more organic approach would be to use its years' worth of sales data as well as new shopping trends to decide what products to display to the shopper. Additionally, the suggestions could be influenced by product availability, product profitability, and other factors. The Marketing team's existing data science experts have already done some initial analysis of the problem domain, and have determined that its plan might take months to prototype, and possibly a year to roll out.

Answer 34

1. Are you building a virtual agent that interfaces with humans via natural language? - No 2. Do you need a service that can understand the content and meanings of images, video, or audio, or that can translate text into a different language? - No 3. Do you need to predict user behavior or provide users with personalized recommendations in your app? - Yes, but it is only part of the requirement 4. Will your app predict future outcomes based on private historical data? - Yes Best Decision: Azure Machine Learning

Question 35

Decision (AI services): The first generation of the Tailwind Traders e-commerce website was available exclusively in English. However, when the Marketing team sponsored a demographics study for the company's brick-and-mortar locations, it found that, on average, only 80 percent of potential customers speak English. In some neighborhoods, that number falls to 50 percent. The team sees the addition of multiple languages as a wonderful opportunity to serve non-English speakers with the same online e-commerce experience as English speakers.

Answer 35

1. Are you building a virtual agent that interfaces with humans via natural language? - No 2. Do you need a service that can understand the content and meanings of images, video, or audio, or that can translate text into a different language? - Yes 3. Do you need to predict user behavior or provide users with personalized recommendations in your app? - No 4. Will your app predict future outcomes based on private historical data? - No Best Decision: Azure Cognitive Services

Question 36

Decision (AI services) The Customer Service team has long asked for a virtual agent to handle the vast majority of questions it gets asked. No matter how prominent it makes the answers to the most frequently asked questions on the website, shoppers are impatient and perceive contact in a chat window as saving them time. The team wants shoppers to feel as though they're interacting with a real human. When it becomes clear that the virtual agent can't provide an answer, the chat session should be transferred to a human. Providing a virtual agent would decrease the amount of time it takes for all shoppers to receive answers. The virtual agent could answer most questions, which would free up human customer service agents to provide support for more difficult questions or thorny account-related issues.

Answer 36

1. Are you building a virtual agent that interfaces with humans via natural language? - Yes 2. Do you need a service that can understand the content and meanings of images, video, or audio, or that can translate text into a different language? - Yes 3. Do you need to predict user behavior or provide users with personalized recommendations in your app? - No 4. Will your app predict future outcomes based on private historical data? - No Best Decision: Azure Bot Services

Question 37

_____________ is a cloud-hosted execution environment that runs your code but abstracts the underlying hosting environment.

Answer 37

Serverless computing

Question 38

True or False: | Serverless computing means there is no server.

Answer 38

False. The term serverless computing is a misnomer. After all, there is a server (or a group of servers) that executes your code or desired functionality. The key idea is that you're not responsible for setting up or maintaining the server. You don't have to worry about scaling it when there's increased demand, and you don't have to worry about outages. The cloud vendor takes care of all maintenance and scaling concerns for you.

Question 39

True or False: | Serverless computing is ordinarily used to handle back-end scenarios.

Answer 39

True Serverless computing is responsible for sending messages from one system to another, or processing messages that were sent from other systems. It's not used for user-facing systems but, rather, it works in the background.

Question 40

Enumerate the two common Azure serverless computing services

Answer 40

1. Azure Functions | 2. Azure Logic Apps

Question 41

____________ service, you can host a single method or function by using a popular programming language in the cloud that runs in response to an event. Example of an event might be: 1. HTTP request 2. A new message on a queue 3. A message on a timer

Answer 41

Azure Functions

Question 42

True or False: Because of its atomic nature, Azure Functions can serve many purposes in an application's design. Functions can be written in many common programming languages, such as C#, Python, JavaScript, Typescript, Java, and PowerShell.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Define Azure Function's stateless environment

Answer 43

A function behaves as if it's restarted every time it responds to an event. This feature is ideal for processing incoming data.

Question 44

Azure Functions can perform orchestration tasks by using an extension called ___________, which allow developers to chain functions together while maintaining state.

Answer 44

Durable Functions

Question 45

The __________ solution is ideal when you're concerned only with the code that's running your service and not the underlying platform or infrastructure.

Answer 45

Azure Functions

Question 46

_________ is a low-code/no-code development platform hosted as a cloud service. The service helps you automate and orchestrate tasks, business processes, and workflows when you need to integrate apps, data, systems, and services across enterprises or organizations. __________ simplifies how you design and build scalable solutions, whether in the cloud, on-premises, or both. This solution covers app integration, data integration, system integration, enterprise application integration (EAI), and business-to-business (B2B) integration.

Answer 46

Logic Apps

Question 47

___________ is designed in a web-based designer and can execute logic that's triggered by Azure services without writing any code. You build an app by linking triggers to actions with connectors.

Answer 47

Azure Logic Apps

Question 48

Define a trigger (Azure Logic Apps)

Answer 48

A trigger is an event (such as a timer) that causes an app to execute, then a new message to be sent to a queue, or an HTTP request.

Question 49

True or False To build enterprise integration solutions with Azure Logic Apps, you can choose from a growing gallery of over 200 connectors. The gallery includes services such as Salesforce, SAP, Oracle DB, and file shares. If you can't find the action or connector you need, you can build your own by using custom code.

Answer 49

True.

Question 50

What are the differences between Azure Functions and Azure Logic Apps?

Answer 50

1. Intent - Azure Functions is a serverless compute service, while Azure Logic Apps is intended to be a serverless orchestration service 2. Pricing - Azure Functions is priced based on the number of executions its their running time. Logic Apps is based on the number of executions and the type of connector it utilizes.

Question 51

What are the decision criteria for choosing which Azure Serverless service to choose?

Answer 51

1. Do you need to perform an orchestration across well-known APIs? (Azure Logic Apps) 2. Do you need to execute custom algorithms or perform specialized data parsing and data lookups? 3. Do you have existing automated tasks written in an imperative programming language? (Azure Functions) 4. Do you prefer a visual (declarative) workflow or writing (imperative) code?

Question 52

What does CI/CD stands for? (DevOps)

Answer 52

Continuous integration and continuous delivery

Question 53

What are the main product options for DevOps in Azure?

Answer 53

1. Azure DevOps Services - for sophisticated project management and reporting 2. Github & Github Actions - for open source software development 3. Azure DevTest labs - to manage virtual machines for testing

Question 54

____________ is a suite of services that address every stage of the software development lifecycle.

Answer 54

Azure DevOps Services

Question 55

Common steps in CI-CD pipelines (Azure DevOps Services)

Answer 55

1. Retrieving the latest version of the code from the source code management system and pulling the latest or correct version of its dependencies from a package manager 2. Pipelines will compile the source code into a binary executable or shared library. After it is compiled successfully, the pipelines will move the compiled library to a designated network location where it can be deployed in a test environment for further testing 3. The binary and other important file will be deployed to a production server for release

Question 56

True or False: | Azure DevOps began as on-premises server software and evolved into a platform as service (PaaS) offering from Microsoft.

Answer 56

False. Azure DevOps is a software as a service (SaaS) offering

Question 57

Components of Azure DevOps Services

Answer 57

1. Azure Repos - centralized source-code repository where software development, DevOps engineering, and documentation professionals can publish their code for review and collaboration. 2. Azure Boards - an agile project management suite that includes Kanban boards, reporting, and tracking ideas and work from high-level epics to work items and issues. 3. Azure Pipeline - a CI/CD pipeline automation tool 4. Azure Artifacts - a repository for hosting artifacts, such as compiled source code, which can be fed into testing or deployment pipeline steps 5. Azure Test Plans - an automated test tool that can be used in a CI/CD pipeline to ensure quality before a software release

Question 58

________ is arguably the world's most popular code repository for open-source software.

Answer 58

GitHub

Question 59

___ is a decentralized source-code management tool, and _____ is a hosted version of ___ that serves as the primary remote.

Answer 59

Git ; GitHub ; Git

Question 60

True or False: GitHub builds on top of Git to provide related services for coordinating work, reporting and discussing issues, providing documentation, and more.

Answer 60

True.

Question 61

Enumerate the functionalities of GitHub (DevOps)

Answer 61

It's a shared source-code repository, including tools that enable developers to perform code reviews by adding comments and questions in a web view of the source code before it can be merged into the main code base. It facilitates project management, including Kanban boards. It supports issue reporting, discussion, and tracking. It features CI/CD pipeline automation tooling. It includes a wiki for collaborative documentation. It can be run from the cloud or on-premises

Question 62

___________ enables workflow automation with triggers for many lifecycle events. One such example would be automating a CI/CD toolchain.

Answer 62

GitHub Actions

Question 63

A _________ is a combination of software tools that aid in the delivery, development, and management of software applications throughout a system's development lifecycle. The output of one tool in the toolchain is the input of the next tool in the toolchain.

Answer 63

toolchain

Question 64

What is the differences between GitHub and Azure DevOps?

Answer 64

1. GitHub has a long history with public repositories and is trusted by tens of thousands of open-source project owners. 2. GitHub is a lighter-weight tool than Azure DevOps, with focus on individual developers contributing to the open-source code. 3. Azure DevOps is more focused on enterprise development, with heavier project-management and planning tools, and finer-grained access control.

Question 65

True or False: | Both Azure DevOps and GitHub allow public and private code repositories,

Answer 65

True

Question 66

True or False: In practice, you can mix Azure DevOps Services and GitHub Actions as needed. For example, you can use GitHub repos with Azure Boards for work item tracking.

Answer 66

True.

Question 67

____________ provides an automated means of managing the process of building, setting up, and tearing down virtual machines (VMs) that contain builds of your software projects. This capability isn't limited to VMs. Anything you can deploy in Azure via Azure Resource Manager (ARM) template can be provisioned through _________.

Answer 67

Azure DevTest Labs

Question 68

____________ provides an automated means of managing the process of building, setting up, and tearing down virtual machines (VMs) that contain builds of your software projects.

Answer 68

Azure DevTest Labs

Question 69

What are the decision criteria in choosing which DevOps service to use?

Answer 69

1. Do you need to automate and manage test-lab creation? (Azure DevTest Labs, Azure Pipelines or GitHub Actions) 2. Are you building open-source software? (GitHub or Azure DevOps) - Level of Granularity - Azure DevOps is more granular - Level of Sophistication - Azure DevOps is more sophisticated - Need for integration with third party tools - GitHub Actions

Question 70

Decision (DevOps) The software development team at Tailwind Traders works on many different projects, both for internal and external usage. The team needs to give project sponsors and managers executive level reporting, including burndown charts, track progress against epics, and track custom information that's specific to Tailwind Traders in each work item and bug report. As Tailwind Traders grows and hires contractors and outside vendors for short-term work, the upper management team wants to ensure that these individuals have access only to the information they need to do their work.

Answer 70

1. Do you need to automate and manage test-lab creation? - No, it isn't intended for this specific use case. 2. Are you building open-source software? - E-commerce system isn't open source 3. What level of granularity is needed? - Use of temporary employees and short-term work requires granular permission requirement 4. Is there a need for sophisticated project management and reporting solution? - Yes. Robust project management and reporting features are one of the primary considerations. 5. Is there a need for integration with any third party DevOps tools? - No Best Decision: Azure DevOps

Question 71

Decision (DevOps) Tailwind Traders hopes to publish an API that would allow third parties to integrate their own inventories of new and used items. This approach would allow Tailwind Traders to offer a wider variety of products directly from their e-commerce site. Although the internal implementation of the API is closed source, Tailwind Traders wants to create a set of examples that call the API to perform various actions. The team needs a platform to share example code, collect feedback on the API, allow contributors to report issues, and build a community around feature requests.

Answer 71

1. Do you need to automate and manage test-lab creation? - No, it isn't intended for this specific use case. 2. Are you building open-source software? - Yes 3. What level of granularity is needed? - Low level granularity as the Company's permission needs are basic 4. Is there a need for sophisticated project management and reporting solution? - No. 5. Is there a need for integration with any third party DevOps tools? - No Best Decision: GitHub

Question 72

Decision (DevOps) Tailwind Traders wants to be more methodical and careful when it pushes new versions of its e-commerce website to production. The company will expand its quality assurance (QA) team, and it will use the cloud to create and host virtual machines (VMs). Through this approach, it will create testing environments that match the production environment. The management team has concerns around the costs of a more automated test environment. For instance, it wants to make sure that the QA professionals are not wasting time configuring the testing environment to match the production environment. The team wants to ensure that the VMs are destroyed when they're no longer in use. It wants to limit the number of VMs that each QA professional is allowed to spin up. Also, the team wants to ensure that each environment is configured correctly and consistent with the production environment.

Answer 72

1. Do you need to automate and manage test-lab creation? - Yes. Best Decision: Azure DevTest Labs

Question 73

Enumerate the two broad categories of management tools.

Answer 73

Visual tools and Code-based tools

Question 74

True or False: Visual tools provide full, visually friendly access to all the functionality of Azure. However, visual tools might be less useful when you're trying to set up a large deployment of resources with interdependencies and configuration options.

Answer 74

True

Question 75

_____________ is the process of managing and provisioning computer data centers through machine-readable definition files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools. (Management Tools)

Answer 75

Infrastructure as code

Question 76

Two Approaches to Infrastructure as a code (Azure management tools)

Answer 76

Imperative code and Declarative code

Question 77

Difference between imperative code and declarative code (Azure management tools)

Answer 77

1. Imperative details each individual step that should be performed to achieve a desired outcome 2. Declarative code details only a desired outcome, and it allows an interpreter to decide how to best achieve that outcome.

Question 78

Enumerate the Azure Management Tools

Answer 78

1. Azure Portal 2. Azure PowerShell script 3. Azure CLI 4. ARM Templates

Question 79

The _________ provides a friendly, graphical UI to view all the services you're using, create new services, configure your services, and view reports. The _________ provides a friendly, graphical UI to view all the services you're using, create new services, configure your services, and view reports.

Answer 79

Azure Portal

Question 80

The ____________ provides iOS and Android access to your Azure resources when you're away from your computer. Its features include: - Monitoring of health and status of Azure resources. - Check for alerts, quickly diagnose and fix issues, and restart a web app or virtual machine (VM). - Run the Azure CLI or Azure PowerShell commands to manage your Azure resources.

Answer 80

Azure mobile app

Question 81

_____________ is a shell with which developers and DevOps and IT professionals can execute commands called cmdlets (pronounced command-lets). These commands call the Azure Rest API to perform every possible management task in Azure

Answer 81

Azure PowerShell

Question 82

Used by Azure PowerShell to execute commands. These commands call the Azure Rest API to perform every possible management task in Azure. ______ can be executed independently or combined into a script file and executed together to orchestrate: - The routine setup, teardown, and maintenance of a single resource or multiple connected resources. - The deployment of an entire infrastructure, which might contain dozens or hundreds of resources, from imperative code.

Answer 82

command-lets (cmdlets)

Question 83

True or False: | Azure PowerShell is available for Windows, Linux, and Mac, and you can access it in a web browser via Azure Cloud Shell.

Answer 83

True.

Question 84

The _______ command-line interface is an executable program with which a developer, DevOps professional, or IT professional can execute commands in Bash (programming language). The commands call the Azure Rest API to perform every possible management task in Azure. You can run the commands independently or combined into a script and executed together for the routine setup, teardown, and maintenance of a single resource or an entire environment.

Answer 84

Azure CLI

Question 85

By using ___________________, you can describe the resources you want to use in a declarative JSON format. The benefit is that the entire ARM template is verified before any code is executed to ensure that the resources will be created and connected correctly. The template then orchestrates the creation of those resources in parallel. That is, if you need 50 instances of the same resource, all 50 instances are created at the same time.

Answer 85

Azure Resource Manager templates (ARM templates)

Question 86

What is the decision criteria in choosing which Azure management tool to use?

Answer 86

1. Do you need to perform one-off management, administrative, or reporting actions? (PowerShell, Azure CLI, or Azure Portal) 2. Do you need a way to repeatedly set up one or more resources and ensure that all the dependencies are created in the proper order? (ARM templates) 3. When you're scripting, do you come from a Windows administration or Linux administration background? (PowerShell for WIndows, Azure CLI for Linux)

Question 87

Decision (Management tools) Tailwind Traders uses Azure extensively throughout its entire organization. To make sure that both the technical and executive teams are aware of the company's cloud spend, the director of cloud operations will begin to meet weekly with the chief financial officer (CFO) to talk about their cloud spend. Conversations might begin at a high level, but the two officers might want to dive deep during the meeting to gain more insight into how Azure resources are being used. Ideally, they would be able to see the data displayed visually, but also be able to run custom reports in real time. Which tool can they use during their meeting?

Answer 87

1. Do you need to perform one-off management, administrative, or reporting actions? - Yes 2. Do you need a way to repeatedly set up one or more resources and ensure that all the dependencies are created in the proper order? - No, because the director of cloud operations and the CFO won't be deploying or configuring any resources. 3. When you're scripting, do you come from a Windows administration or Linux administration background? - No, because the director of cloud operations and the CFO won't be deploying or configuring any resources. Best decision: Azure Portal

Question 88

Decision (Management tools) Tailwind Traders employs technologists with many different skills. A team of developers and administrators builds and maintains a collection of intranet applications that are vital to the business. The team members have strong backgrounds in Windows development and network administration. The team moved its applications to the cloud, and it now needs a way to perform one-off testing, management, and administrative tasks in its intranet environment. The team quickly realized that managing Azure from the portal takes too much time and is not repeatable. Which tool should the company use for one-off tasks?

Answer 88

1. Do you need to perform one-off management, administrative, or reporting actions? - Yes, but Azure Portal was specifically rejected by the company. 2. Do you need a way to repeatedly set up one or more resources and ensure that all the dependencies are created in the proper order? - No. 3. When you're scripting, do you come from a Windows administration or Linux administration background? - This team has a Windows administration background. Best decision: Azure PowerShell

Question 89

Decision (Management tools) Tailwind Traders employs technologists with many different skills. The DevOps team is primarily concerned with keeping external systems, such as the company's e-commerce site, up and running. This team has a Linux administration background. It frequently needs to perform administrative tasks related to the health of the cloud environment. The team quickly realized that managing Azure from the portal takes too much time and isn't repeatable. Which tool should it use for one-off tasks?

Answer 89

1. Do you need to perform one-off management, administrative, or reporting actions? - Yes, but Azure Portal was specifically rejected by the company. 2. Do you need a way to repeatedly set up one or more resources and ensure that all the dependencies are created in the proper order? - No. 3. When you're scripting, do you come from a Windows administration or Linux administration background? - This team has a Linux administration background. Best decision: Azure CLI

Question 90

Decision (Management tools) Tailwind Traders experiences surges in e-commerce traffic that coincide with national holidays and weekends. In the company's first few years, managers of critical systems had to convene at the office of the director of cloud operations during these important periods. However, now that Tailwind Traders has successfully operationalized most critical systems, the director wants to relax this requirement and allow employees to spend these dates with their families. Is there a product that can help support this scenario?

Answer 90

1. Do you need to perform one-off management, administrative, or reporting actions? - Yes, A phone or tablet solution could help key employees keep an eye on the health of the cloud environment when they're out of the office. 2. Do you need a way to repeatedly set up one or more resources and ensure that all the dependencies are created in the proper order? - No. 3. When you're scripting, do you come from a Windows administration or Linux administration background? - No. Best decision: Azure Mobile App

Question 91

Decision (Management tools) Tailwind Traders wants to operationalize their cloud deployments. The company needs a repeatable, reliable way to scale its operations during peak sales periods. Because you'll be choosing a process for scaling your production environment, you need to ensure that your chosen service: - Is efficient and can potentially create many resources in parallel. - Creates all dependencies in the correct order. - Can be used without worrying that it failed in the middle of provisioning the necessary infrastructure.

Answer 91

1. Do you need to perform one-off management, administrative, or reporting actions? - No. We're looking for a technology to automate the deployment of an entire infrastructure, as needed. 2. Do you need a way to repeatedly set up one or more resources and ensure that all the dependencies are created in the proper order? - Yes. 3. When you're scripting, do you come from a Windows administration or Linux administration background? - No. This decision criterion assumes that you need to write a script by using imperative code. However, when using ARM templates, you can define infrastructure declaratively by using JSON code. Best decision: ARM template

Question 92

What are the primary Azure offerings for Monitoring Service?

Answer 92

1. Azure Advisor 2. Azure Monitor 3. Azure Service Health

Question 93

_________ evaluates your Azure resources and makes recommendations to help improve reliability, security, and performance, achieve operational excellence, and reduce costs. Advisor is designed to help you save time on cloud optimization. The recommendation service includes suggested actions you can take right away, postpone, or dismiss. (Azure Monitoring Services) The recommendations are available via the Azure portal and the API, and you can set up notifications to alert you to new recommendations.

Answer 93

Azure Advisor

Question 94

Enumerate the five recommendation categories of Azure Advisor. (Azure Monitoring Services)

Answer 94

1. Reliability Used to ensure and improve the continuity of business-critical applications. 2. Security Used to detect threats and vulnerabilities that might lead to security breaches. 3. Performance Used to improve the speed of your applications. 4. Cost Used to optimize and reduce your overall Azure spending. 5. Operational Excellence Used to help you achieve process and workflow efficiency, resource manageability, and deployment best practices.

Question 95

___________ is a platform for collecting, analyzing, visualizing, and potentially taking action based on the metric and logging data from your entire Azure and on-premises environment.

Answer 95

Azure Monitor

Question 96

True or False: Some popular products such as Azure Application Insights, a service for sending telemetry information from application source code to Azure, uses Azure Monitor under the hood.

Answer 96

True

Question 97

_____________ provides a personalized view of the health of the Azure services, regions, and resources you rely on. The status.azure.com website, which displays only major issues that broadly affect Azure customers, doesn't provide the full picture. But ____________ displays both major and smaller, localized issues that affect you. ___________ provides official incident reports, called root cause analyses (RCAs), which you can share with stakeholders.

Answer 97

Azure Service Health

Question 98

Event types which Azure Service Health keeps track of

Answer 98

1. Service issues - problems in Azure that affect you right now 2. Planned maintenance - events that can affect your availability. 3. Health advisories - issues that require you to act to avoid service interruption, including retirements and breaking changes.

Question 99

What are the decision criteria when choosing which Azure Monitoring Service to use?

Answer 99

1. Do you need to analyze how you're using Azure to reduce costs? Improve resilience? Harden your security? (Azure Advisor) 2. Do you want to monitor Azure services or your use of Azure? (Azure Service Health or Azure Monitor) 3. Do you want to measure custom events alongside other usage metrics? (Azure Monitor) 4. Do you need to set up alerts for outages or when autoscaling is about to deploy new instances? (Azure Monitor)

Question 100

Decision (Monitoring Services) Tailwind Traders wants to optimize its cloud spend. Also, the organization is concerned about security breaches, because it stores customer data and historical purchase data in cloud-based databases. As the organization ramps up its cloud expertise, it wants to better understand its use of the cloud, better understand best practices, and pinpoint “easy wins” where it can tighten up its cloud spend and security practices.

Answer 100

1. Do you need to analyze how you're using Azure to reduce costs? Improve resilience? Harden your security? - Yes 2. Do you want to monitor Azure services or your use of Azure? - No, the company isn't concerned with operations. 3. Do you want to measure custom events alongside other usage metrics? - No. 4. Do you need to set up alerts for outages or when autoscaling is about to deploy new instances? - No Best Decision: Azure Advisor

Question 101

Decision (Monitoring Services) The Tailwind Traders e-commerce website is experiencing intermittent errors, and the team is unsure of the cause. Because of the nature of the errors, the team suspects that it's either a database or caching issue. What are the circumstances surrounding the errors? Does it happen only during peak usage times? What is the state of the team's Azure SQL instance? What is the state of its Redis caching server? How can it trace the issues to a root cause?

Answer 101

1. Do you need to analyze how you're using Azure to reduce costs? Improve resilience? Harden your security? - No, optimization isn't the team's objective 2. Do you want to monitor Azure services or your use of Azure? - No. 3. Do you want to measure custom events alongside other usage metrics? - Yes, Software developers can send additional information about the state of the web application via Application Insights to help locate the root cause of the issue. 4. Do you need to set up alerts for outages or when autoscaling is about to deploy new instances? - No Best Decision: Azure Monitor

Question 102

Decision (Monitoring Services) Tailwind Traders wants to operationalize its cloud environment. Specifically, its cloud operations team wants to let stakeholders know about upcoming planned downtime in advance. The team also wants its solution architects to be forewarned about any Microsoft plans to sunset services so it can rearchitect its software products accordingly. When outages do happen, the team wants to quickly ascertain whether the issue is specific to their services or a service interruption that affects many Azure customers. The team also wants to provide key stakeholders with reports that explain how and why the incident occurred, and so on.

Answer 102

1. Do you need to analyze how you're using Azure to reduce costs? Improve resilience? Harden your security? - No. 2. Do you want to monitor Azure services or your use of Azure? - Yes. 3. Do you want to measure custom events alongside other usage metrics? - No. 4. Do you need to set up alerts for outages or when autoscaling is about to deploy new instances? - No. Best Decision: Azure Service Health

Question 103

You need to predict future behavior based on previous actions. Which product option should you eliminate as a candidate? a. Azure Machine Learning b. Azure Bot Service c. Azure Cognitive Services

Answer 103

Answer: b. Azure Bot Service Azure Bot Service will not help with prediction. It should be eliminated as a candidate.

Question 104

You need to create a human-computer interface that uses natural language to answer customer questions. Which product option should you eliminate as a candidate? a. Azure Machine Learning b. Azure Cognitive Services c. Azure Bot Service

Answer 104

Answer: a. Azure Machine Learning Although Azure Machine Learning could be used to create a natural language model, it would likely be cost and time prohibitive. It should be eliminated as a candidate.

Question 105

You need to identify the content of product images to automatically create alt tags for images formatted properly. Which production option is the best candidate? a. Azure Machine Learning b. Azure Cognitive Services c. Azure Bot Service

Answer 105

Answer: b. Azure Cognitive Services Azure Cognitive Services includes Vision services that can identify the content of an image. Azure Cognitive Services is the best candidate.

Question 106

Which of the following choices would not be used to automate a CI/CD process? a. Azure Pipelines b. GitHub Actions c. Azure Boards

Answer 106

Answer: c. Azure Boards Azure Boards is an agile project-management tool. It would not be used to automate a CI/CD process.

Question 107

Which service could help you manage the VMs that your developers and testers need to ensure that your new app works across various operating systems? a. Azure DevTest Labs b. Azure Test Labs c. Azure Repos

Answer 107

Answer: a. Azure DevTest Labs Azure DevTest Labs is used to manage VMs for testing, including configuration, provisioning, and automatic de-provisioning.

Question 108

Which service lacks features to assign individual developers tasks to work on? a. Azure Boards b. GitHub c. Azure Pipelines

Answer 108

Answer: c. Azure Pipelines Azure Pipelines is a CI/CD tool for building an automated toolchain. It lacks features to assign tasks for individual developers to work on. However, it can automate other tools to assign tasks to users.

Question 109

You want to be alerted when new recommendations to improve your cloud environment are available. Which service will do this?

Answer 109

Answer: a. Azure Advisor Azure Advisor can alert you when new recommendations are available.

Question 110

Which service provides official outage root cause analyses (RCAs) for Azure incidents? a. Azure Advisor b. Azure Monitor c. Azure Service Health

Answer 110

Answer: c. Azure Service Health Azure Service Health provides incident history and RCAs to share with your stakeholders.

Question 111

Which service is a platform that powers Application Insights, monitoring for VMs, containers, and Kubernetes? a. Azure Advisor b. Azure Monitor c. Azure Service Health

Answer 111

Answer: b. Azure Monitor Azure Monitor is the platform used by Application Insights.

Question 112

As an administrator, you need to retrieve the IP address from a particular VM by using Bash. Which of the following tools should you use? a. ARM templates b. Azure PowerShell c. Azure Portal d. Azure CLI

Answer 112

Answer: d. Azure CLI The Azure CLI enables you to use Bash to run one-off tasks on Azure.

Question 113

You're a developers who needs to set up your first VM to host a process that runs nightly. Which of the following tools is your best choice? a. ARM templates b. Azure PowerShell c. Azure Portal d. Azure CLI

Answer 113

Answer: c. Azure Portal The Azure portal is a great place for newcomers to learn about Azure and set up their first resources.

Question 114

What is the best infrastructure-as-code option for quickly and reliably setting up your entire cloud infrastructure declaratively? a. ARM Templates b. Azure PowerShell c. Azure Portal d. Azure CLI

Answer 114

Answer: a. ARM templates ARM templates are the best infrastructure-as-code option for quickly and reliably setting up your entire cloud infrastructure declaratively.

Question 115

You need to process messages from a queue, parse them by using some existing imperative logic written in Java, and then send them to a third-party API. Which serverless option should you choose? a. Azure Functions b. Azure Logic Apps

Answer 115

Answer: a. Azure Functions Azure Functions is the correct choice because you can use existing Java code with minimal modification.

Question 116

You want to orchestrate a workflow by using APIs from several well-known services. Which is the best option for this scenario? a. Azure Functions b. Azure Logic Apps

Answer 116

Answer: b. Azure Logic Apps Azure Logic Apps makes it easy to create a workflow across well-known services with less effort than writing code and manually orchestrating all the steps yourself.

Question 117

Your team has limited experience with writing custom code, but it sees tremendous value in automating several important business processes. Which of the following options is your team's best option? a. Azure Functions b. Azure Logic Apps

Answer 117

Answer: b. Azure Logic Apps Azure Logic Apps is best suited for users who are more comfortable in a visual environment that allows them to automate their business processes. Logic Apps is the best option in this scenario.

Question 118

A company wants to build a new voting kiosk for sales to governments around the world. Which IoT technologies should the company choose to ensure the highest degree of security? a. IoT Hub b. IoT Central c. Azure Sphere

Answer 118

Answer: c. Azure Sphere Azure Sphere provides the highest degree of security to ensure the device has not been tampered with.

Question 119

A company wants to quickly manage its individual IoT devices by using a web-based user interface. Which IoT technology should it choose? a. IoT Hub b. IoT Central c. Azure Sphere

Answer 119

Answer: b. IoT Central IoT Central quickly creates a web-based management portal to enable reporting and communication with IoT devices.

Question 120

You want to send messages from the IoT device to the cloud and vice versa. Which IoT technology can send and receive messages? a. IoT Hub b. IoT Central c. Azure Sphere

Answer 120

Answer: a. IoT Hub An IoT Hub communicates to IoT devices by sending and receiving messages.