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NASM CPT > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What 3 things has research demonstrated regarding circuit training?

A
  • Just as beneficial as traditional cardiorespiratory training
  • produces greater levels of Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption and strength
  • produces near identical caloric expenditure when compared with walking at a fast pace
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2
Q

The normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allow full range of motion of a joint

A

Flexibility

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3
Q

What is developed when clients demonstrate poor flexibility?

A

Relative flexibility

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4
Q

The body’s ability to produce, reduce, and stabilizes forces in all three planes of motion

A

Neuromuscular efficiency

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5
Q

The process when neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles

A

Autogenic inhibition

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6
Q

What are 8 reasons for the incorporation of flexibility training?

A
  • Correct muscle imbalances
  • increase joint range of motion
  • decrease tension of muscles
  • relieve joint stress
  • improve extensibility
  • maintain normal functional length of muscles
  • improve optimum neuromuscular efficiency
  • improve function
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7
Q

What is the repair process initiated by dysfunction within the connective tissue of the kinetic chain that is treated by the body as an injury?

A

Cumulative injury cycle

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8
Q

The tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns

A

Relative flexibility

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9
Q

The concept of muscle inhibition, caused by a tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonist

A

Altered reciprocal inhibition

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10
Q

Altered reciprocal inhibition, synergistic dominance, and arthrokinetic dysfunction all lead to what?

A

Muscle imbalance

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11
Q

Consistently repeating the same pattern of motion, which may place abnormal stresses on the body

A

Pattern overload

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12
Q

Law that states soft tissue models along lines of stress

A

Davis’s law

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13
Q

What are the 3 phases of the integrated flexibility continuum?

A

Corrective flexibility, active flexibility, functional flexibility

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14
Q

The type of flexibility designed to improve extensibility of soft tissue and increase neuromuscular efficiency by using reciprocal inhibition

A

Active flexibility

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15
Q

What are 2 techniques used in corrective flexibility?

A

Static stretching and SMR (self-myofascial release)

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16
Q

What stretching technique uses agonist and synergist muscles to move a limb through its entire range of motion while stretching the functional antagonist?

A

Active-isolated stretching

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17
Q

What stretching technique uses functional movements to move the body through a full range of motion at realistic speeds?

A

Dynamic stretching

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18
Q

What type of flexibility is developed during Phase 1 of the OPT model?

A

SMR and static stretching

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19
Q

Which stretching technique is used during Phases 2, 3, and 4 of the OPT model?

A

Active-isolated stretching

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20
Q

Which stretching technique is used during Phase 5 of the OPT model?

A

Dynamic stretching

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21
Q

Stretching technique that focuses on the neural system and fascial system of the body by applying gentle force to an adhesion

A

Self-myofascial release

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22
Q

What is the minimum amount of time static stretches should be held?

A

30 seconds

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23
Q

What are 3 things a client should have established prior to incorporating dynamic stretching into a program?

A

Good levels of tissue extensibility
core stability
balance capabilities

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24
Q

What is the minimum duration pressure should be sustained on adhesions while performing self-myofascial release?

A

30 seconds

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25
Q

Which heart rate training zone builds aerobic base and aids in recovery?

A

Zone One

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26
Q

Which heart rate training zone increases endurance and trains the anaerobic threshold?

A

Zone two

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27
Q

Which heart rate training zone builds high-end work capacity?

A

Zone three

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28
Q

What prepares body and mind for physical activity, increases heart and respiration rates, increases body temperature?

A

The warm-up

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29
Q

What workout component consists of movement activities that get heart rate up, such as walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike?

A

General warm-up

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30
Q

What workout component consists of stretching movements that mimic the activity to be performed later in the workout?

A

Specific warm-up

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31
Q

What are some general warm-up recommendations?

A

5 to 10 minutes at low-to-moderate intensity

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32
Q

What are the warm-up steps for a Stabilization-level client? 3

A

SMR, static stretching, 5-10 minutes light cardio

33
Q

What are the warm-up steps for a Strength-level client? 3

A

SMR, active-isolated stretching, 5-10 minutes light cardio

34
Q

What are the warm-up steps for a Power-level client? 2

A

SMR, 3-10 dynamic stretches

35
Q

What are 3 reasons to perform cardiorespiratory exercise?

A

Lose weight, reduce stress, improve health

36
Q

What is the often overlooked segment of a workout that provides the body with a smooth transition from exercise back to a steady state of rest?

A

Cool-down

37
Q

What are some suggested steps for cool-down? 3

A

5-10 minutes light cardio, SMR, static stretching

38
Q

For what does the FITTE principle for cardiorespiratory exercise stand?

A

Frequency, intensity, time, type, and enjoyment+

39
Q

What is the recommended frequency for cardiorespiratory training?

A

General health: daily, for small quantities of time, at moderate intensity — To improve fitness: 3 - 5 days per week, at high intensity

40
Q

The level of demand that activity places on the body

A

Intensity

41
Q

What uses the Borg scale to rate how hard one is training?

A

Rating of perceived exertion (RPE)

42
Q

An informal method used to gauge exercise training intensity.

A

Talk test

43
Q

What stage improves cardio fitness levels using HR zone 1?

A

Stage I

44
Q

What stage is best for people with low-to-moderate cardio fitness levels who are ready to begin training at higher intensities, moves in and out of zones 1 and 2, intro to interval training?

A

Stage II

45
Q

For advanced exercisers, what stage uses all three heart rate zones for maximal cardiorespiratory improvement, used at Power level, includes HIIT?

A

Stage III

46
Q

With what stage should Stage II training alternate every other day?

A

With what stage should Stage II training alternate every other day?

47
Q

Stage II intervals should have what work: rest ratio?

A

Start with 1:3, progress to 1:2 and eventually 1:1

48
Q

What is just as beneficial as traditional cardio for health?

A

Circuit training

49
Q

Which structures make up the core? 4

A

Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, including the lumbar spine, the pelvic girdle, abdomen, and the hip joint

50
Q

What are the structures of the LPHC? 4

A

Lumbar spine, pelvic girdle, abdomen, hip joint

51
Q

Which muscles directly attach to the vertebrae and stabilize the spine?

A

Local stabilization musculature

52
Q

Pulling the navel toward the spine to increase core stability

A

Drawing-in maneuver

53
Q

What is the reflex that realigns the eyes by anteriorly rotating the pelvis when the cervical spine is in extension?

A

Pelvo-ocular reflex

54
Q

Co-contraction of core movement muscles to increase LPHC stability

A

Abdominal bracing

55
Q

What are 4 core exercises in the strength level?

A

Ball crunch; Back extensions; Reverse crunch; Cable rotations

56
Q

Which characteristics help identify exercises in the core-stabilization level?

A

Involve little motion through the spine and pelvis

57
Q

What are 4 core-stabilization exercises?

A

Marching, Floor bridge, Floor prone cobra, Prone iso-Abs

58
Q

What are 4 core-power exercises?

A

Rotation chest pass, Ball medicine ball pullover throw, Front medicine ball oblique throw, Soccer throw

59
Q

Core-power exercises are easily identified by:

A

Explosive movements with medicine ball

60
Q

Exercises with little to no motion of the spine and pelvis used to improve neuromuscular efficiency and intervertebral stability

A

Core-stabilization

61
Q

What are 3 primary goals of a core training program?

A

Develop neuromuscular efficiency, intervertebral and LPHC stability, and functional strength

62
Q

On what should core training focus?

A

Quality of movement

63
Q

What is the primary goal of core-power training?

A

Develop the ability to stabilize and generate force at functionally applicable speeds

64
Q

the normal extensibility of all soft tissues that allows the full range of motion of a joint

A

Flexibility

65
Q

capability to be elongated or stretched

A

Extensibility

66
Q

the combination of a flexibility and the nervous system’s ability to control this range of motion efficiently

A

Dynamic range of motion

67
Q

predictable patterns of muscle imbalances

A

Postural distortion patterns

68
Q

the tendency of the body to seek the path of least resistance during functional movement patterns

A

Relative flexibility

69
Q

the simultaneous contraction of one muscle and the relaxation of it antagonist to allow movement to take place

A

reciprocal inhibition

70
Q

the concept of muscle inhibition, caused by a tight agonist, which inhibits its functional antagonist

A

altered reciprocal inhibition

71
Q

the neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover

A

synergistic dominance

72
Q

the motions of joints in the body

A

arthrokinetics

73
Q

altered forces at the joint that result in abnormal muscular activity and impaired neuromuscular communication at the joint

A

arthrokinetic dysfunction

74
Q

the process by which neural impulses are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to the muscle spindles

A

autogenic inhibition

75
Q

consistently repeating the same pattern of motion which may place abnormal stresses on the body

A

pattern overload

76
Q

states that soft tissue models along the lines of stress

A

Davis’s law

77
Q

the process of passively taking a muscle to the point of tension and holding the stretch for a minimum of 30 seconds

A

static stretching

78
Q

the process of using agonists and synergists to dynamically move the joint into a range of motion

A

active isolated stretching

79
Q

the active extension of a muscle, using force production and momentum to move the joint through a full available range of motion

A

dynamic stretching

NASM CPT (4 decks)

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