Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > Module 3/4 Quiz > Flashcards

Module 3/4 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

what are the layers of the skin?

A

epidermis, dermis, subQ tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 layers of epidermis?

A

melanin, carotene, vascular (everyone as all three)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where are sebaceous glands absent?

A

palms of hands and soles of feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is pallor?

A

white color change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is erythemia?

A

red color change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is jaundice?

A

yellow color change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is generalized hypothermia?

A

induced due to surgery, fever, stroke, cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is localized hypothermia?

A

immobilized extremity or IV fluid; arterial insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a primary lesion?

A

develops on previously unaltered or “normal” skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a secondary lesion?

A

when a lesion changes over time or result from scratching; an infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are some examples of primary skin lesions?

A 
macule and patch
papule and plaque
nodule and tumor
vesicles and bulla
wheal 
pustule 
cyst
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are some examples of secondary skin lesions?

A 
crust
scale
licheninfection
erosion
ulcer
fissure
scar
keloid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the characteristics of macule and patch? PRIMARY

A 
flat
non palpable
discolored
macule = <1 cm
patch = >1 cm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are some examples of macule and patch?

A

freckles, measles, vitiligo, petechiae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the characteristics of papule and plaque? PRIMARY

A 
elevated
solid
palpable
papules = <0.5 cm
plaque = >0.5 cm
any color
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are some examples of papule and plaque?

A

warts, psoriasis, actinic keratosis?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are characteristics of nodule and tumor? PRIMARY

A 
elevated
solid
hard or soft palpable
nodules = 0.5-2 cm
tumors = >2 cm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are some examples of nodule and tumor?

A

lipoma, carcinoma, hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are some characteristics of vesicle and bulla? PRIMARY

A 
elevated
fluid-filled
round or oval
superficial
vesicle = <0.5 cm
bulla = >0.5 cm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are some examples of vesicle and bulla?

A

herpes, zoster, chickenpox, blister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are some characteristics of pustules? PRIMARY

A

pus filled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are some examples of pustules?

A

acne, impetigo, carbuncles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are some characteristics of cysts? PRIMARY

A

sebaceous cysts, epidermal cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are some characteristics of crust? SECONDARY

A

dry blood or pus

from burst vesicles or pustules

25
Q

what are some examples of crust?

A

large crust = scabs!

26
Q

what are some characteristics of scale? SECONDARY

A

shedding flakes
keratinized cells
flakiness

27
Q

what are some examples of scale?

A

dandruff
psoriasis
eczema

28
Q

what are some characteristics of lichenification? SECONDARY

A

rough and thickened

secondary to chronic irritation; itching

29
Q

what are some examples of lichenification?

A

chronic dermatitis

30
Q

what are some characteristics of erosion? SECONDARY

A

wearing away of superficial epidermis (outermost layer)
moist shallow depression (no bleeding)
no scar

31
Q

what are some examples of erosion?

A

scratches, ruptured vesicles

32
Q

what are some characteristics of ulcer? SECONDARY

A

deeper depression, loss of skin surface (bleeding)
irregular shape
extends into the dermis or subQ (will scar)

33
Q

what are some examples of ulcers?

A

pressure ulcer, stasis ulcer

34
Q

what are some characteristics of fissure? SECONDARY

A

break in skin surface

no relation to trauma

35
Q

what are some examples of fissures?

A

cracks at the corners of the mouth, hands, athlete’s foot

36
Q

what are some characteristics of scars? SECONDARY

A 
fibrotic change
irregular are of connective tissue (surgical, injury, acne scar) 
atrophic scarring (straie; thinning of epidermis)
37
Q

what are some characteristics of keloids? SECONDARY

A

elevated, irregular

darkened, benign “tumors”

38
Q

when do keloids usually occur?

A

surgeries, acne, piercings, infections and burns

39
Q

what does annular mean? what are some examples?

A

circular

Ex. tines corporis (ringworm)

40
Q

what does confluent mean?

A

lesions that run together

Ex. urticaria (hives)

41
Q

what does discrete mean? what are some examples?

A

individual lesions
separate
Ex. wart, skin tags, acne

42
Q

what does grouped mean? what are some examples?

A

appear in clusters

Ex. purpura, poison ivy

43
Q

what is Zosterform? what are some examples?

A

linear along unilateral nerve route

Ex. herpes zoster (shingles)

44
Q

what are the types of purpuric lesions (vessel bleeding)?

A

contusion (bruise): mechanical injury

ecchymosis: severe bruising and leakage of blood into the skin
petechiae: red, purple or brown bleeding from superficial capillaries, nonblanchable, tiny hemorrhages (1-3mm)
purpura: extensive patch of petechia and ecchymosis, red and nonblanchable, >3mm

45
Q

what is diaper dermatitis?

A

red, moist, maculopapular patch
elderly or peds patients (incontinence)
infrequent diaper changes

46
Q

what is candidiasis?

A

superficial fungal infection
aggravated by urine, feces, and heat
obese patients (breast and groin folds)

47
Q

what are pressure injuries? what are some examples?

A

found over bony prominences
is the result of decreased blood circulation (ischemia= cell death)
found in heel, ischium, sacrum, elbow, scapula, vertebra, ankle, rib, shoulder

48
Q

what is a stage 1 pressure ulcer?

A

non-blanchable erythema
light skin appears pink or reddened
dark skin? appears darker and also does not blanch

49
Q

what is a stage 2 pressure ulcer?

A

partial-thickness skin loss
loss of epidermis with exposed dermis
superficial, appears like an open blister

50
Q

what is a stage 3 pressure ulcer?

A

full-thickness skin loss
extends into subQ tissue (resembles crater)
fat, granulation tissue, rolled edges
no bone, tendon or muscle visible

51
Q

what is a stage 4 pressure ulcer?

A

full-thickness skin/tissue loss
involves all skin layers
extends to bone, tendon and muscle
may have eschar (black, necrotic)

52
Q

what is a deep tissue pressure injury?

A

localized
nonblanchable (deep red, maroon, purple)
skin may be intact
dark wound or blood-filled blister
common over coccyx, heels, sacrum and buttock

53
Q

what is a pressure injury caused by a medical device?

A

injury caused by medical device

Ex. IV hub, cervical collar, stocking, oxygen cannula, tubing

54
Q

what is basal cell carcinoma?

A

most common skin cancer
usually on face, ears, scalp, shoulders
small pink or red papule (large pore)

55
Q

what is squamous cell carcinoma?

A

start from actinic keratinosis
red and dry scaly patch
usually on hands, head (baldness = high risk)
less common than basal, but grows rapidly

56
Q

what is malignant melanoma?

A 
arise from pre-existing moles
brown or mixed pigment
irregular and notched borders
RF: tanning, aging, family history
men? trunk and back
women? legs and feet
57
Q

what is the hair assessment?

A

inspection and palpation of the color, texture, distribution
(alopecia)
ask about lesions, skin breakdown, separation of hair, loss of hair

58
Q

what is the nail assessment?

A

inspection and palpation of the shape and contour, consistency, and color
REMEMBER= capillary refill, smooth surface, slightly curved and flat
note any irregularities!

Health Assessment (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions