MODULE 3 Flashcards
What are the Plant disease epidemics have caused human sufferings, deaths and upheavals?
Ergot poisoning in Europe
Potato late blight disease
Coffee rust in Ceylon
Caused famine and death of more than a million people in Ireland
Potato late blight disease (1845 - 1846)
Destroyed vast coffee plantations
Coffee rust in Ceylon
Acquired from eating bread from infected rye grains; caused by the
fungus Caviceps purpurea which produces sclerotia containing
alkaloids that impede blood circulation.
Ergot poisoning in Europe (874 AD)
What are the Diseases that had caused enormous economic losses?
Cadang-cadang disease of coconut
Downy mildew of corn
Rice tungro disease
Coffee rust
Citrus decline
first observed in 1918; have caused the country a loss of over $200M.
Cadang-cadang disease of coconut
the nemesis of corn; loss can be as high 95% amounting to over P170M annually; now controlled by chemical seed treatment using metalaxy, discovered in 1978; caused by the fungus Peronosclerospora philippinensis (weston) shaw
Downy mildew of corn
affected 70,000 has in 1971; 1.22M cavans rough rice lost valued at P30,357,000
Rice tungro disease
destroyed the coffee industry in Batangas province
Coffee rust
destroyed citrus plantations in Batangas
Citrus decline
Diseases that Losses from produce contaminated with toxins that cause various disorders and/or death to animals including man.
Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin, Yellow rice toxins
___ Produced by Aspergillus flavus; carcinogenic to animals and man; commonly found in stored corn, sorghum, copra, root crops etc.
Aflatoxin
___ A mycotoxin produced by A. ochraceous causes cancer of the liver.
• Ochratoxin
___ Formed by Penicillium spp.; caused several deaths in Japan.
Yellow rice toxins
Produced by Fusarium graminearum; causes testes of young male swine to have atrophy and to have uterus of female pigs to enlarge and abort.
Estrogenic factor in corn
Formed by Fusaruim spp. In corn grains; caused esophageal
cancer in man and toxic to animals like horses.
Fumonisins
