Module 3 Flashcards
What are the elements of any communication?
1) source(sender)
2) destination(receiver)
3) channel (media)
What must a protocol do for successful message delivery?
1) An identified sender and receiver
2) Common language and grammar
3) speed and timing of delivery
4)confirmation or acknowledgement requirements
What do protocols include?
1) Message encoding
2) Message formatting and encapsulation
3) Message size
4) message timing
5) message delivery options
What is encoding?
The process of converting information into another acceptable form
What is decoding?
Reverses the process to internet the information
What is flow control?
The process of managing the rate of data transmission
What is response timeout?
Network protocols that specify how long to wait for responses and what action to take if a timeout occurs
What is access method?
Determines when someone can send a message
What is unicast?
Information is being transmitted to a single end device
What is multicast?
Information is being transmitted to a one or more end devices
What is a broadcast?
Information is being transmitted to all end devices
Define network communications protocols?
Enable 2 or more devices to communicate over one or more networks
What are examples of network communications protocols?
IP, TCP and HTTP
Define network security protocols?
Secure data to provide authentication, data integrity, and data encryption
What are examples of network security protocols?
SSL, TLS and SSH
What are routing protocols?
Enable routers to exchange route information, compare path information and then to select the best path to the destination network
What are examples of routing protocols?
OSPF and BGP
What are service discovery protocols?
Used to automatic detection of devices or services
What are examples of service discovery protocols?
DHCP and DNS
What is a protocol suite?
A group of inter-related protocols necessary to perform a communication function
What are TCP/IP Application layer protocols?
HTTP, DNS, DHCP, FTP
What are TCP/IP Transport layer protocols?
TCP and UDP
What are TCP/IP internet layer protocols?
IP and ICMP
Name TCP/IP Network Access layer protocols?
Ethernet, ARP and WLAN
What are the 4 benefits of using a layered model?
1) assisting in protocol design
2) fostering competition because products vendors can work together
3) preventing technology or capability in one layer from affecting other layers above and below
4) providing a common language to describe networking functions and capabilities
What are the 2 models used to describe network operations?
OSI and TCP/IP
From 7 to 1, what are the OSI layers?
7) Application
6) Presentation
5) Session
4) Tranport
3) Network
2) Data Links
1) Physical
What are the 4 layers of the TCP/IP model?
Application, Transport, Internet and Network Access
What are 2 benefits of segmenting?
Increases speed and efficiency
What is segmentation?
Dividing data into smaller, more manageable pieces
What is sequencing?
Labeling segments for ordering and assembling the pieces when they arrive
Define PDU
The form that a piece of data takes at any layer
What are PDUs called in different layers?
*Application layer - Data
*Transport layer - segment (TCP) or Datagram (UDP)
*Network layer - Packet
*Data Link Layer - Frame
Physical Layer - Bits
Encapsulation works from ______ to _________.
Top to Bottom
What is used to identify the network portion of an IP address?
The subnet mask
What is the left most portion of an IP address?
Network portio
What is the part of the address that identifies a specific device?
Host portion
What uses hexadecimal notation?
Source and destination MAC addresses in the Ethernet frame on the data link layer
Where is an Ethernet frame sent when the sender and receiver of the IP are one different networks?
The default gateway or router
