Module 3

Question 1

Elastic Reobound Theory

Question 2

Fault

Question 3

Foreshocks

Question 4

Aftershocks

Question 5

Epicenter

Question 6

Focus

Question 7

P wave

Answer 7

Primary waves - travel through the Earth’s interior. P waves are compression waves that travel quickly through solid, liquid or gas as a series of successive compressions (expansions and contractions) they push or pull particles of matter in the direction of their path of travel..

Question 8

S wave

Answer 8

Secondary waves - travel through the Earth’s interior. S waves travel through solid rock at about half the velocity of P waves (still very fast). They are shear-waves that displace material at right angles to their path of travel. Shear-waves cannot travel through liquids or gases which means they can’t travel through the liquid outer core.

Question 9

Surface wave

Answer 9

Are confined to the Earth’s surface and outer layers. Their velocity is less than that of s waves. Surface waves are usually the most destructive to human buildings.

Question 10

Richter Scale

Question 11

Normal Fault

Question 12

Reverse Fault

Question 13

Strike Slip Fault

Question 14

Benioff Zone Earthquake

Answer 14

Earthquakes that occur within the subducting plate when it reach critical depth.

Question 15

Shallow Crustal Earthquake

Answer 15

Earthquakes that occur in the upper part of the North American plate. They are shallow and although moderate (6-7) in magnitude, they could be locally very damaging. These earthquakes are a result of compression from our subduction zone.

Question 16

Subduction Zone Earthquake

Answer 16

Earthquakes that occur very close to where the subducting plate meets the overriding plate. They can be very large in magnitude and cause a tsunami if it causes a rupture and uplift of the ocean floor.