Module 3 Flashcards
What is Mendel’s First Law?
The two alleles of a gene segregates from one another during gamete formation.
Where does Mendel’s first law occur?
In anaphase 1
What is the product rule?
The probability of 2 independent events both occurring = the product of their probabilities.
Used for the genotype ratio.
What is the sum rule?
The probability of the occurrence of mutually exclusive events is the sum of the probabilities of the individual events.
What is complete dominance?
when one allele is fully dominant over the other.
What is incomplete dominance?
Gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed, often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype.
Example:
White, pink, and red flowers. Where the pink flowers show incomplete dominance.
What is co-dominance?
A type of inheritance in which two versions (alleles) of the same gene are expressed separately to yield different traits in an individual.
Example: White, white/red, and red flowers. The red/white flowers show co-dominance.
What is epistasis?
Where the expression of one gene is affected by the expression of one or more independently inherited genes.
What are sex-linked genes?
Characteristics that are influenced by genes carried on the sex chromosomes.
What is constitutive gene expression?
When the gene is expressed at all times (transcribed and translated)
What are promoters and operators made out of?
DNA
What is Mendel’s second law?
The segregation of alleles of one gene is independent of the segregation of the alleles of another gene.
This is linked to dihybrid crosses.
How do the 3:1 ratios compare to the 9:3:3:1 ratios?
The 9: 3: 3:1 ratio is a PRODUCT of the 3:1 ratio.
What phenotypic ratio do you get when you cross a heterozygous and a homozygous recessive
1:1:1:1
What is constitutive gene expression?
When the gene is expressed (transcribed and translated) at all times.
