Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 121 > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which experiment is done to figure out which nutrients are essential for plant growth and reproduction?

A

Hydroponics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 main setups of Plant Nutritional Studies

A
  1. Hydroponic growth system
  2. Nutrient film growth system
  3. Aeroponic growth system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In aeroponic growth system, nutrients are supplied in the form of _______.

A

Mist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the main difference between hydroponic growth system and nutrient film growth system?

A

In the nutrient film growth system, the nutrient solution is recirculated and continuously flows over the roots.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T or F. Na and Si are non-essential elements for the plant growth.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Enumerate all macronutrients. Include non-essential nutrients.

A

N K Ca Mg P S Si

Note: In some sources, Fe can be either a micronutrient or a macronutrient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enumerate all micronutrients. Include non-essential ones.

A

Cl Fe B Mn Na Zn Cu Ni Mo

Note: In some sources, Fe can be either a micronutrient or a macronutrient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Enumerate the 4 groups of mineral nutrients and their function

A

Group 1. Nutrients that are part of carbon compounds
Group 2. Nutrients that are important for energy storage or structural integrity
Group 3. Nutrients that remain in ionic form
Group 4. Nutrients that are involved in redox reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Group 1 minerals

A

N S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Group 2 minerals

A

P Si B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Group 3 minerals

A

K Ca Mg Cl Mn Na

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Group 4 minerals

A

Fe Zn Ni Cu Mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Required as cofactor of more than 40 enzymes. Principal cation for cell turgor and cell electroneutrality.

A

K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Constituent of chlorophyll molecule. Required by many enzymes involved in phosphate transfer.

A

Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Has a key role in reactions that involve ATP.

A

P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contributes to cell wall mechanical properties – rigidity and elasticity.

A

Si

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Constituent of amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, etc.

A

N

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Complexes with constituent of cell walls. Involved in cell elongation and nucleic acid metabolism.

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Constituent of middle lamella. Acts as second messenger in metabolic regulation.

A

Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Required for activity of some dehydrogenases, decarboxylases, kinases, and oxidases. Involved with other cation-activated enzyme and O2 evolution.

A

Mn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Required for photosynthetic reactions involved in O2 evolution.

A

Cl

22
Q

Constituent of lipoic acid, glutathione, biotin, pyrophosphate, and phosphosulfate

A

S

23
Q

Constituent of urease. Constituent of hydrogenases in N2-fixing bacteria.

A

Ni

24
Q

Constituent of nitrogenase.

A

Mo

25
Q

Constituent of alcohol dehydrogenase.

A

Zn

26
Q

Constituent of cytochromes, and nonheme iron involved for N2 fixation

A

Fe

27
Q

Component of ascorbic acid oxidase, tyrosinase, phenolase.

A

Cu

28
Q

Similarity between Mn and Cl

A

Both involved in O2 evolution

29
Q

What are the mobile elements?

A

N K Mg P Cl Na Zn Mo

30
Q

What are the immobile elements?

A

Ca Fe Cu B S

31
Q

Name ALL essential elements for plants

A

C H O P K N S Ca Fe Mg Mo B Cu Mn Zn

Na Co Si Cl ARE NOT included

32
Q

3 zones of nutrient concentration; Graphical representation

A

Deficiency, adequate, toxic

33
Q

Describe critical concentration.

A

Amount lower (or higher) than this concentration will cause nutrient deficiency (or toxicity).

34
Q

3 ways of mineral uptake

A

Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Active uptake

35
Q

Which way of uptake requires energy/ATP?

A

Active uptake. Because it is against the conc. gradient.

36
Q

Two types of protein channels under facilitated diffusion

A

Carrier protein and channel protein

37
Q

Differentiate the mechanism between carrier-mediated diffusion and channel-mediated diffusion.

A

Carrier proteins have specific binding sites where attachment to it can cause conformational change in the carrier protein. This facilitates movement of minerals.

Channel proteins, on the other hand, have gates than open and closes.

38
Q

How do protein pumps work?

A

ATP hydrolyses and phosphorylates the protein channel to activate it.

39
Q

The degree to which a soil can adsorb and exchange ions is called ______________.

A

Cation exchange capacity (CEC)

40
Q

Root growth is favored in (acidic/neutral/basic) soils.

A

Acidic.

41
Q

Optimal pH for root growth.

A

5.5 to 6.5

42
Q

Explain the mechanism of plants’ cation exchange in soil.

A

> Soil is (-) charged and binds with (+) nutrients.
H2O and CO2 produces H2CO3 and disassociates into HCO3- and H+
H+ competes with (+) nutrients, displacing it, and allowing it for root intake

43
Q

What is Apparent Free Space

A

Fraction of root tissue volume not separated from environment by a diffusion barrier

44
Q

Constituents of AFS of the root

A

Cell walls and intercellular spaces (or apoplast)

45
Q

AFS is accessible by _____________.

A

Free diffusion

46
Q

Three steps of nitrogen cycle

A
  1. Ammonification
  2. Nitrification
  3. Denitrification
47
Q

What is ammonification

A

Bacterial and fungal catabolism. Conversion of
soil organic matter –> NH4+

48
Q

What is nitrification

A

Bacterial oxidation:
NH4+ –> NO2- and NO2- –> NO3-
Facilitated by Nitromonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. respectively.

49
Q

What is denitrification

A

Bacterial conversion
NO3- –> NO –> N2

50
Q

Form of nitrogen assimilated by plants

A

NH4+ and NO3-

51
Q
A

Bio 121 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions