Module 3

Question 1

What are the two stages of coronary heart disease?

Answer 1

• Atherosclerosis (takes decades)
• Thrombosis (takes minutes)

Question 2

Atherosclerosis

Answer 2

• slow accumulation of cholesterol rich plaque (in arteries that leads to heart)
• reduces blood flow through artery (occlusion)
• no symptoms

Question 3

Thrombosis

Answer 3

• decisive event, damage to advanced arterial plaque (causes a clot; “internal scab”)
• potentially block arterial flow
• can lead to a heart attack

Question 4

Summary role of LDL in coronary heart disease:

Answer 4

• if not taken up by liver it will accumulate in blood (increased)
• LDL being oxidized is the issue and attracts macrophages (accumulates foam cells in arterial intima)

Question 5

Summary role of HDL in coronary heart disease:

Answer 5

• if high HDL = less plaque build up

Question 6

How does eating more saturated fatty acids influence blood lipoprotein levels? (coconut oils, meats)

Answer 6

• rise in total blood cholesterol
• rise in LDL
• rise of stays the same for HDL

Question 7

How does eating more polyunsaturated fats influence blood lipoprotein levels?

Answer 7

• drop in total blood cholesterol
• drop in LDL
• drop in HDL

Question 8

How does eating more monounsaturated fats influence blood lipoprotein levels?

Answer 8

• drop in total blood cholesterol
• drop in LDL
• HDL stays the same
  (should be majority fat intake)

Question 9

How does eating more trans fats influence blood lipoprotein levels?

Answer 9

• rise in total blood cholesterol
• rise in LDL
• drop in HDL
  (should not have especially if hydrogenated)