Module 2 Practice Questions Flashcards
What are examples of fetal presentation?
Presentation is determined by the first portion of the fetus to enter to pelvis. Possible presentations are cephalic, breech and shoulder.
An attitude of full flexion of the fetal head during labor results in:
The presentation of a smaller diameter
Restitution occurs as a result of the:
Untwisting of the neck after birth of the head
[During internal rotation the head rotates more than the rest of the body and the fetal head is out of its natural alignment with the body. After the head is born, it spontaneously returns to this natural alignment.]
An inlet with a short anteroposterior diameter and a wide transverse diameter is characteristic of which pelvic type?
Platypelloid
The mechanisms of labor are:
The positional changes the fetus undergoes to accommodate itself to the birthing person’s pelvis
When engagement has occurred the:
Lowest level of the presenting part has reached the level of the ischial spines
[Remember that there are two different ways to define engagement. One definition using the BPD as the reference point, the other uses the top of the head. Engaged= BPD has passed through the inlet (cannot feel this clinically via vaginal exam) ALSO=top of the head at the level of the ischial spines (can feel clinically via vaginal exam)]
When engagement has occurred the:
Biparietal diameter has reached the inlet
[Remember that there are two different ways to define engagement. One definition using the BPD as the reference point, the other uses the top of the head. Engaged= BPD has passed through the inlet (cannot feel this clinically via vaginal exam) ALSO=top of the head at the level of the ischial spines (can feel clinically via vaginal exam)]
The sagittal suture of the fetal head lies where?
Lies between the parietal bones
[The parietal bones are the two large bones on the skull on either side of the head. They are important landmarks for a variety of reasons. The sagittal suture runs right across the top of the head and is also an important landmark. The drawing on p. 43 of Oxorn illustrates this well.]
To determine the position of the fetus you would:
Identify the sagittal suture
[To ascertain the fetal position via vaginal exam, the sagittal suture is identified, then used to locate the fontanelle in the anterior portion of the pelvis.]
To determine the attitude of the fetus you would:
Identify the cephalic prominence
To determine the station of the fetus you would:
Palpate the ischial spines
[Station is the relationship of the presenting part to an imaginary line drawn between the ischial spines.]
What are examples of fetal attitude?
Flexion, Extension
Extension of the fetal head during labor results in
Pivoting of the head under the symphysis pubis
[Extension is the cardinal movement that occurs after internal rotation. It occurs so that the head can negotiate through the “Curve of Carus,” a J shape in that part of the birthing person’s pelvis.]
