Module 2 - Physical Properties of Solids Flashcards
Tools to express the amount of a solute dissolved in a solution, typically using ratios or percentages, and can be measured in terms of mass, moles, or volume.
Concentration units
Types of concentration units
- Molarity (M)
- Molality (m)
- Percent by Mass (% w/w)
- Percent by Volume (% v/v)
- Percent by Mass/Volume (% w/v)
- Parts per Million (ppm)
- Parts per Billion (ppb)
______________ of solutions are properties that depend on the number of solute particles and not on the identity of the solute.
Colligative properties
Types of Colligative Properties
The presence of a non-volatile solute in a solvent reduces the solvent’s vapor pressure.
Vapor Pressure Lowering
Types of Colligative Properties
The boiling point of a solution is higher than that of the pure solvent.
Boiling Point Elevation
Types of Colligative Properties
The freezing point of a solution is lower than that of the pure solvent.
Freezing Point Depression
Types of Colligative Properties
The pressure that must be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane.
Osmotic Pressure
Components of a solution
- The substance that does the dissolving
- Usually a liquid
Solvent
Components of a solution
- Substance that is being dissolved
Solute
Amount of solute in a solution.
Concentration
Amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent.
Solubility
Main Properties of a Solution
- Solution is uniform throughout.
- Solute and solvent molecules are evenly distributed at the molecular level.
Homogeneity
Main Properties of a Solution
- Typically less than 1 nanometer, making them invincible to the naked eye.
Particle size
Main Properties of a Solution
- Solutions are stable.
The solute particles do not settle out over time and they cannot be separated from the solvent by filtration.
Stability
