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Dentist Assistant 1 > Module 2 Key Terms > Flashcards

Module 2 Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q
  • Disease Transmission and Infection Prevention
A
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2
Q

Acute infection

A

An infection of short duration that is often severe.

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3
Q

Blood-borne disease

A

Disease such as HBV, HCV, or HIV infection that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses/bacteria that are carried in blood.

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4
Q

Chain of infection

A

Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur.

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5
Q

Chronic infection

A

An infection of long duration.

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6
Q

Communicable disease

A

Condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids.

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7
Q

Direct contact

A

Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva.

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8
Q

Droplet infection

A

An infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth.

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9
Q

Immunity

A

Ability of the body to resist disease.

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10
Q

Indirect contact

A

Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument.

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11
Q

Infection control

A

Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread of infectious agents.

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12
Q

Latent infection

A

Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that “come and go.”

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13
Q

Occupational exposure

A

Any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any other potentially infectious materials.

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14
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease-causing organism.

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15
Q

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

A

Protective clothing, masks, gloves, and eyewear used to protect employees.

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16
Q

Standard Precautions

A

Standard of care designed to protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid via excretion or secretion;

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17
Q

Universal Precautions

A

Guidelines based on treating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentially infectious.

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18
Q

Virulence

A

Strength of a pathogen’s ability to cause disease(pathogenicity)

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19
Q
  • Principles and Techniques of Disinfection
A
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20
Q

Antiseptic

A

Substance for killing microorganisms on the skin.

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21
Q

Bioburden

A

Blood, saliva, and other body fluids.

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22
Q

Broad-spectrum activity

A
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23
Q

Clinical contact surface

A

Surface touched by contaminated hands, instruments, or spatter during dental treatment.

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24
Q

Disinfectant

A

Chemical used to reduce or lower the numbers of microorganisms on inanimate objects.

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25
Q

Environmental surface

A

Surface within a healthcare facility that is not directly involved in patient care, but that may become contaminated during the course of treatment (e.g., countertops, floors, walls, instrument control panels).

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26
Q

Fungicidal

A

A product that is capable of killing fungi.

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27
Q

Glutaraldehyde

A

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)–registered high-level disinfectant.

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28
Q

High-level disinfectant

A

Hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal activity.

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29
Q

Hospital disinfectant

A

Disinfectant with the ability to kill Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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30
Q

Housekeeping surface

A

Surface that is not contaminated during dental treatment (e.g., floors, walls).

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31
Q

Immersion disinfectant

A

Disinfectant used for immersion (soaking) of heat-sensitive instruments.

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32
Q

Intermediate-level disinfectant

A

Liquid disinfectant with EPA registration as a hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal activity. It is used for disinfecting operatory surfaces.

33
Q

Iodophor

A

EPA-registered, intermediate-level hospital disinfectant.

34
Q

Low-level disinfectant

A

Disinfectant that destroys certain viruses and fungi; used for general house cleaning (e.g., walls, floors).

35
Q

Precleaning

A

Removal of bioburden before disinfection.

36
Q

Residual activity

A

Action that continues long after initial application, as with disinfectants.

37
Q

Shelf life

A

How long a product may be stored before use.

38
Q

Single-use items

A

Items that are used on only one patient and then are thrown away.

39
Q

Sodium hypochlorite

A

Surface disinfectant commonly known as household bleach.

40
Q

Splash/spatter/droplet surface

A

Surface that does not contact members of the dental team or contaminated instruments or supplies.

41
Q

Sporicidal

A

Capable of killing bacterial spores.

42
Q

Sterilant

A

Agent that kills all microorganisms.

43
Q

Sterilization

A

Process that kills all microorganisms.

44
Q

Surface barrier

A

Fluid-resistant material used to cover surfaces likely to become contaminated.

45
Q

Touch surface

A

Surface directly touched and contaminated during procedures.

46
Q

Tuberculocidal

A

Capable of inactivating tuberculosis-causing microorganisms.

47
Q

Virucidal

A

Capable of killing some viruses.

48
Q
  • Principles and Techniques of Instrument Processing and Sterilization
A
49
Q

Autoclave

A

Instrument for sterilization by means of moist heat under pressure

50
Q

Biologic indicators

A

Vials or strips, also known as spore tests, that contain harmless bacterial spores; used to determine whether sterilization has occurred.

51
Q

Biologic monitoring

A

Verifies sterilization by confirming that all spore-forming microorganisms have been destroyed.

52
Q

Clean area

A

Place where sterilized instruments, fresh disposable supplies, and prepared trays are stored.

53
Q

Contaminated area

A

Place where contaminated items are brought for precleaning.

54
Q

Critical instrument

A

Item used to penetrate soft tissue or bone.

55
Q

Noncritical instrument

A

Item that comes in contact with intact skin only.

56
Q

Process indicators

A

Tapes, strips, or tabs with heat-sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a certain temperature.

57
Q

Process integrators

A

Strips placed in packages that change color when exposed to a combination of heat, temperature, and time.

58
Q

Semi-critical instrument

A

Item that comes in contact with oral tissues but does not penetrate soft tissue or bone.

59
Q

Ultrasonic cleaner

A

Removes debris by sound waves traveling through a liquid.

60
Q
  • Regulatory and Advisory Agencies
A
61
Q

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

A

Federal agency that is non-regulatory and that issues recommendations on health and safety.

62
Q

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

A

Federal regulatory agency whose responsibility it is to protect and restore the environment and public health through environmental laws.

63
Q

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

A

Federal regulatory agency that regulates food, drugs, medical devices, animal feed and drugs, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting products (cell phones, lasers, microwaves, etc.).

64
Q

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

A

Federal agency that is non-regulatory and provides national and worldwide leadership to prevent work-related illnesses and injuries.

65
Q

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)

A

Federal agency who improve oral, dental, and craniofacial health through research, research training, and the dissemination of health information.

66
Q

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

A

One of the world’s foremost research centers.

67
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A

Federal regulatory agency who ensure the safety and health of America’s workers by setting and enforcing standards.

68
Q

Organization for Safety, Asepsis and Prevention (OSAP)

A

Premier infection control agency in the United States.

69
Q
  • Chemical and Waste Management
A
70
Q

Acute exposure

A

High levels of exposure over a short period.

71
Q

Chemical inventory

A

Comprehensive list of every product used in the office that contains chemicals

72
Q

Chronic exposure

A

Repeated exposures, generally to lower levels, over a long time.

73
Q

Contaminated waste

A

Items such as gloves and patient napkins that may contain the potentially infectious body fluids of patients.

74
Q

Hazard Communication Standard

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard regarding employees’ “right to know” about chemicals in the workplace.

75
Q

Hazardous waste

A

Waste that poses a risk to humans or to the environment.

76
Q

Infectious waste

A

Waste that is capable of transmitting an infectious disease.

77
Q

Material safety data sheet (MSDS)

A

Form that provides health and safety information regarding materials that contain chemicals.

78
Q

Regulated waste

A

Infectious waste that requires special handling, neutralization, and disposal.

79
Q

Toxic waste

A

Waste that can have a poisonous effect.

Dentist Assistant 1 (1 decks)

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