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Dental Assisting GTI > Module 2: Key Terms > Flashcards

Module 2: Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

An infection of short duration that is often severe.

A

Acute infection

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2
Q

Disease such as HBV, HCV, or HIV infection that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood.

A

Blood-borne disease

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3
Q

Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur.

A

Chain of infection

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4
Q

An infection of long duration.

A

Chronic infection

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5
Q

Condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids.

A

Communicable disease

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6
Q

Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva.

A

Direct contact

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7
Q

An infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth.

A

Droplet infection

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8
Q

Ability of the body to resist disease.

A

Immunity

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9
Q

Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument.

A

Indirect contact

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10
Q

Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread of infectious agents.

A

Infection control

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11
Q

Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that “come and go.”

A

Latent infection

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12
Q

Any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any other potentially infectious materials.

A

Occupational exposure

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13
Q

Disease-causing organism.

A

Pathogen

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14
Q

Items such as protective clothing, masks, gloves, and eyewear used to protect employees.

A

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

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15
Q

Standard of care designed to protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid via excretion or secretion;

A

Standard Precautions

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16
Q

Guidelines based on treating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentially infectious.

A

Universal Precautions

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17
Q

Strength of a pathogen’s ability to cause disease; also known as pathogenicity.

A

Virulence

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18
Q

Substance for killing microorganisms on the skin.

A

Antiseptic

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19
Q

Blood, saliva, and other body fluids.

A

Bioburden

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20
Q

Capable of killing a wide range of microbes.

A

Broad-spectrum activity

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21
Q

Surface touched by contaminated hands, instruments, or spatter during dental treatment.

A

Clinical contact surface

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22
Q

Chemical used to reduce or lower the numbers of microorganisms on inanimate objects.

A

Disinfectant

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23
Q

Surface within a healthcare facility that is not directly involved in patient care, but that may become contaminated during the course of treatment (e.g., countertops, floors, walls, instrument control panels).

A

Environmental surface

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24
Q

A product that is capable of killing fungi.

A

Fungicidal

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25
Q

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)–registered high-level disinfectant.

A

Glutaraldehyde

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26
Q

Hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal activity.

A

High-level disinfectant

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27
Q

Disinfectant with the ability to kill Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A

Hospital disinfectant

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28
Q

Surface that is not contaminated during dental treatment (e.g., floors, walls).

A

Housekeeping surface

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29
Q

Disinfectant used for immersion (soaking) of heat-sensitive instruments.

A

Immersion disinfectant

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30
Q

Liquid disinfectant with EPA registration as a hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal activity. It is used for disinfecting operatory surfaces.

A

Intermediate-level disinfectant

31
Q

EPA-registered, intermediate-level hospital disinfectant.

A

Iodophor

32
Q

Disinfectant that destroys certain viruses and fungi; used for general house cleaning (e.g., walls, floors).

A

Low-level disinfectant

33
Q

Removal of bioburden before disinfection.

A

Precleaning

34
Q

Action that continues long after initial application, as with disinfectants.

A

Residual activity

35
Q

How long a product may be stored before use.

A

Shelf life

36
Q

Items that are used on only one patient and then are thrown away.

A

Single-use items

37
Q

Surface disinfectant commonly known as household bleach.

A

Sodium hypochlorite

38
Q

Surface that does not contact members of the dental team or contaminated instruments or supplies.

A

Splash, spatter, and droplet surface

39
Q

Capable of killing bacterial spores.

A

Sporicidal

40
Q

Agent that kills all microorganisms.

A

Sterilant

41
Q

Process that kills all microorganisms.

A

Sterilization

42
Q

Fluid-resistant material used to cover surfaces likely to become contaminated.

A

Surface barrier

43
Q

Surface directly touched and contaminated during procedures.

A

Touch surface

44
Q

Capable of inactivating tuberculosis-causing microorganisms.

A

Tuberculocidal

45
Q

Capable of killing some viruses.

A

Virucidal

46
Q

Instrument for sterilization by means of moist heat under pressure.

A

Autoclave

47
Q

Vials or strips, also known as spore tests, that contain harmless bacterial spores; used to determine whether sterilization has occurred.

A

Biologic indicators

48
Q

Verifies sterilization by confirming that all spore-forming microorganisms have been destroyed.

A

Biologic monitoring

49
Q

Place where sterilized instruments, fresh disposable supplies, and prepared trays are stored.

A

Clean area

50
Q

Place where contaminated items are brought for precleaning.

A

Contaminated area

51
Q

Item used to penetrate soft tissue or bone.

A

Critical instrument

52
Q

Item that comes in contact with intact skin only.

A

Noncritical instrument

53
Q

Tapes, strips, or tabs with heat-sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a certain temperature.

A

Process indicators

54
Q

Strips placed in packages that change color when exposed to a combination of heat, temperature, and time.

A

Process integrators

55
Q

tem that comes in contact with oral tissues but does not penetrate soft tissue or bone.

A

Semi-critical instrument

56
Q

Instrument that loosens and removes debris by sound waves traveling through a liquid.

A

Ultrasonic cleaner

57
Q

Federal agency that is non-regulatory and that issues recommendations on health and safety.

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

58
Q

Federal regulatory agency whose responsibility it is to protect and restore the environment and public health through environmental laws.

A

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

59
Q

Federal regulatory agency that regulates food, drugs, medical devices, animal feed and drugs, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting products (cell phones, lasers, microwaves, etc.).

A

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

60
Q

Federal agency that is non-regulatory and provides national and worldwide leadership to prevent work-related illnesses and injuries.

A

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

61
Q

Federal agency whose mission is to improve oral, dental, and craniofacial health through research, research training, and the dissemination of health information.

A

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)

62
Q

One of the world’s foremost research centers.

A

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

63
Q

Federal regulatory agency whose mission is to ensure the safety and health of America’s workers by setting and enforcing standards.

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

64
Q

The premier infection control agency in the United States.

A

Organization for Safety, Asepsis and Prevention (OSAP):

65
Q

High levels of exposure over a short period.

A

Acute exposure

66
Q

Comprehensive list of every product used in the office that contains chemicals.

A

Chemical inventory

67
Q

Repeated exposures, generally to lower levels, over a long time.

A

Chronic exposure

68
Q

Items such as gloves and patient napkins that may contain the potentially infectious body fluids of patients.

A

Contaminated waste

69
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard regarding employees’ “right to know” about chemicals in the workplace.

A

Hazard Communication Standard

70
Q

Waste that poses a risk to humans or to the environment.

A

Hazardous waste

71
Q

Form that provides health and safety information regarding materials that contain chemicals.

A

Material safety data sheet (MSDS)

72
Q

Infectious waste that requires special handling, neutralization, and disposal.

A

Regulated waste

73
Q

Waste that can have a poisonous effect.

A

Toxic waste

Dental Assisting GTI (3 decks)

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