Module 2: Interaction between Mircrobe and Host

Question 1

a person carrying potentially pathogenic microbes without any signs of disease

Answer 1

carrier

Question 2

a person who is a carrier for more than six months

Answer 2

chronic carrier

Question 3

microorganisms present and growing in or on the body but without causing any damage to the host

Answer 3

colonization

Question 4

microorganisms present on the body but not growing or causing damage to the host

Answer 4

contamination

Question 5

a person carrying an infectious microbe for up to six months after the acute stage of the disease

Answer 5

convalescent carrier

Question 6

microbes multiplying in the host and causing damage to the host

Answer 6

disease

Question 7

vehicle transmission. Tiny particles that remain suspended in the air … often from dried respiratory secretions

Answer 7

droplet nuclei

Question 8

contact transmission. Large particles from the respiratory tract that do not remain suspended

Answer 8

droplet transmission

Question 9

a bacterial product that is part of the cell wall causing nonspecific damage to a variety of host tissues

Answer 9

endotoxin

Question 10

the study of the sources and spread of disease

Answer 10

epidemiology

Question 11

a bacterial product excreted from the cells and causing damage to specific host tissues

Answer 11

exotoxin

Question 12

nonliving objects other than food

Answer 12

fomites

Question 13

often used to mean the same as disease but also used to indicate growth of microbes in the host before disease symptoms become evident

Answer 13

infection

Question 14

redness, heat, swelling and pain of host tissue in response to injury

Answer 14

inflammation

Question 15

microorganisms growing in or on the body all of the time without causing injury to the host

Answer 15

normal flora

Question 16

hospital or institution acquired

Answer 16

nosocomial

Question 17

a low grade pathogen usually only causing disease when the host defenses are lowered

Answer 17

opportunistic pathogen

Question 18

administering something to the body by a route other than through the mouth … injections, punctures, etc.

Answer 18

parenteral

Question 19

a microbe capable of causing disease in a host

Answer 19

pathogen

Question 20

containing white blood cells

Answer 20

purulent

Question 21

an insect that carries infectious microbes from one host to another

Answer 21

vector

Question 22

the degree of pathogenicity

Answer 22

virulence