Module 2: Ethics and Culture Flashcards
Society and culture definitely plays a major role in shaping our _____.
moral thinking and behavior
Study the story recounted by Herodotus in his
History, illustrates a recurring theme in the literature of social science” (Rachels &
Rachels 2019).
Module 2, Page 3
_____ is a view that good and bad are relative to culture.
Cultural relativism
Different cultures have different _____. What is moral
thought right within one group may horrify the members of another group and vice versa.
moral codes
What is “_____” is what is “_____” in a given culture.
- good
- socially approved
Our moral principles describe _____ and must be based on the norms of our society.
social conventions
Perhaps the most appealing of its claims is
that that it emphasizes that no culture is
superior to any other culture when comparing systems of _____ as a result, resulting in _____.
- morality, law, politics,
etc. - moral tolerance
_____ are equally valid and that
truth itself is relative, depending on the
cultural environment.
Cultural beliefs
Thus, those who hold to _____ hold that all religious, ethical, aesthetic, and political beliefs are completely relative to the individual within a cultural identity.
cultural relativism
Give the following claims by cultural relativist.
- Different societies have different moral
codes. - The moral code of a society determines what is right within that society; that is, if the moral code of a society says that a certain action is right, then that action is right, at least within that society.
- There is no objective standard that can be used to judge one society’s code as better than another’s. There are no moral truths that hold for all people at all times.
- The moral code of our own society has no special status; it is but one among many.
- It is arrogant for us to judge other cultures. We should always be tolerant of them.
True or False: Perhaps it is undeniable that different cultures have
different moral codes.
True
True or False: What is thought right within one group may horrify the members of another group and vice versa.
True
To raise questions from the story, we can ask this following. First, should individuals eat the bodies of the dead or burn them? Second, can they judge the culture of others? The answer to the first question is that, if you were a Greek, to burn the bodies of the dead would seem correct; but if you were a Callatian, to eat the bodies of the dead would seem equally certain. For the second question, to call a custom “correct” or “incorrect” would imply that we can judge that custom by some independent standard of right and wrong.
Study this two, page 4.
True or False: According to Rachels (2019), no such standard exists; every standard is culture-bound.
True
_____ plays a major part in our perception of what is moral, and because of that, it could also pose some issues since each culture has a unique feature that other culture doesn’t have. With this regard, _____ challenges our belief in the objectivity and universality of moral truth.
- Culture
- cultural relativism
Study the Ima Relativist
(Harry Gensler), page 4-5.
Love ka ni Lord
Given the diversity of the Philippines, the unifying element of _____ is a complex matter. It comprises a _____.
- Filipino culture
- diverse set of landscapes, languages, and cultures
Give the Core concepts in Filipino Culture.
• Hospitality
• Hiya
• Modesty
• Courtesy
• Warmth
• Respect
• Kapwa
• Fatalism
As Evason (2016) discussed, “the long history
of contact with Spain and the United States
continues to have a significant impact on the _____. One example is the _____, which are often measured in the Philippines by the _____. Another example is the _____ since the introduction of Christianity by the Spanish. Indeed, when compared to other countries on the Asian continent, the
Philippines has _____.”
- Filipino identity
- influence of American standards of beauty
- possession of Western physical traits – such as fair skin and curly hair
- prominence of Christian ideology
- one of the highest Christian populations