Module 2 Discussion Flashcards

(31 cards)

1
Q

What are the 4 stages of alcohol withdrawal

A

minor withdrawal symptoms
hallucinosis
withdrawal seizures
tremens

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2
Q

when does minor withdrawal symptoms occur?

A

6-12 hours

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3
Q

what does minor alcohol withdrawal symptoms include

A

tremors, sweating, N/V, HTN, tachy, hypertehermia, tachypnea

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4
Q

when does alcholic hallucination occur or stage 2

A

12-24 hours

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5
Q

when does stage 3 seizures occur

A

24-48 hours

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6
Q

when does delirium trememns occur

A

48-72 hours

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7
Q

what is included in delirium trememns

A

delirium, psychosis, hallucinations, hypertehermia, malignant hypertension siezures and coma

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8
Q

what differentiates DTs from alcoholic hallucinsosi

A

presence of disorientation

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9
Q

out of lorazepam and diazepam which drug is favored for the elderly or pts with severe liver or respiratory failoure

A

lorazepam because it has fewer metabolites

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10
Q

what can prevent DTs

A

early intervention of EtOH withdrawal

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11
Q

what is the benefit of diazepam

A

longer duration

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12
Q

what is the LOU at minimum for acute withdarawl

A

potentially unstable

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13
Q

what is mortalitly from regarding DTs

A

hyperthermia
severe HTN
cardiac arrhythmias
seizure complications

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14
Q

what three things occur during anaphylaxis

A

capillary permeability
peripheral vasodilation
constricton of smooth muscles

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15
Q

how many systems must be included for anaphylaxis to be diagnosed

A

2

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16
Q

what is important regarding d/c of anaphylaxis patients

A

d/c teaching about possibility of reurrence of symptoms up to 3 days

17
Q

what are biphasic reactions in anaplhylaxis

A

occur 1-8 huours after risk 20%

18
Q

What effects does epinephrine have

A

alpah effects, beta 1 and 2

19
Q

what is a chronotrope

20
Q

what is an inotrope

A

increased contractility

21
Q

what alpha effects does epi have

A

incresed vasoconstriction and peripheral vascularar resistance
decreased mucosal edema

22
Q

what beta one effects does epi have

A

increased HR and inotropic effects

23
Q

what beta 2 effects does epi have

A

bronchodilation and decreased histamine release from the mast cells and basophils

24
Q

where and how is epi administred

A
vastus lateralis (thigh)
IM
25
what drugs are given in anaphylaxis
epi, antihistamines, corticosteroids,
26
why are antihistamines given in anaphylaxis
help treat cutaneous symtpoms - hives/itchiness
27
Interventions for sepsis
preload mamangement - 30cc.kg in first 3 hours inotrope - norepi is first line amintain MAP above 65 cardiac monitor for dsyrhtmias associated with acidosis and shock IV abx within 1 hour high flow O2 frequent ABG ecntral and arterial line oactate within 30 mins
28
if sepsis is showing signs of cardiogenic shock which drug should eb given
dobutamine
29
when should a second lactate be done, which teim interval
within 30 mins repeat in 2-4 hours if intiial value greater or equal to 4mmol/L
30
what does a high CD4 count mean
high viral load
31
what CTAS score should be given witto a patient with a high CD4 coutn
2