Module 2 (Compute Services)

Question 1

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud / EC2

Answer 1

A virtual server in the cloud

Can terminate with ease
pay-as-you-go

use if you want to host classic apps or you want full access to the OS

Question 2

Why is EC2 more efficient?

Answer 2

starting physical servers is time and space-costly and they cannot be taken down

this service has built and secured virtual data centers
they are also bought, installed, and ready to use

Question 3

Multitenancy

Answer 3

sharing hardware between virtual machines

Question 4

EC2 Configuration

Answer 4

Can be done using Windows, Linux, Internal business apps, web apps, databases, and third party software

Question 5

EC2 Instance Types

Answer 5

configurations for every EC2 instance

consist of
-general purpose
-compute optimized
-memory optimized
-accelerated computing
-storage optimized

Question 6

General purpose

Answer 6

useful for balancing certain components in your EC2 instance

balanced resources
web servers
diverse workloads
code repositories

Question 7

Compute optimized

Answer 7

useful for compute-intensive tasks

gaming servers, life, scientific modeling

Question 8

Memory optimized

Answer 8

useful for memory-intensive tasks

Question 9

Accelerated computing

Answer 9

utilizes hardware accelerators to improve the EC2 appliczation

floating point #s
calculations
graphics processing
data pattern matching

Question 10

EC2 Pricing

Answer 10

offers five different tiers for paying

-On-demand
-Savings Plans
-Reserved Instances
-Spot Instances
-Dedicated Hosts

Question 11

On-demand

Answer 11

per hour or second
does not require any long-term commitments or payments
useful for getting started and experimenting with EC2
no contracts or communication with AWS required

Question 12

Savings Plan

Answer 12

allows low prices on EC2 usage with minimum usage (can be 1-year or 3-year terms)
you can also get up to 72% in savings (This also counts when using AWS Fargate or AWS Lambda)

Question 13

Reserved Instances

Answer 13

steady-state workload friendly
offers a 75% discount once committing to a 1 or 3 year term

paying can be done either upfront, partial, or none (this does not mean it’s free [you would have to pay all the money another time])

Question 14

Spot Instances

Answer 14

requests spare capacity up to 90%
but AWS can capture these spots at anytime
thus is only useful if you are fine with interruptions in your AWS infrastructure

batch workloads

Question 15

Dedicated Hosts

Answer 15

physical hosts dedicated for EC2
usually for meeting some compliance requirements

Question 16

EC2 scaling

Answer 16

EC2’s space management aspect to control traffic

can be vertical or horizontal

Question 17

Vertical scaling

Answer 17

upgrading or downgrading an EC2 Instance (more or less power)

Question 18

Horizontal scaling

Answer 18

adding more or less EC2 Instances

Question 19

EC2 Autoscaling

Answer 19

memory optimization strategy
scales up if there is no space when needed and scales down if there is unnecessary space

supported by EC2

Question 20

Elastic Load Balancing

Answer 20

a traffic-redirecting service
used to prevent overcrowding in any EC2 instance or confusion of where to go

Autoscales just like EC2

has high performance, is cost-effective, highly available, and automatically scalable

useful in connecting Frontend and Backend

Question 21

Messaging and Queuing Architectures

Answer 21

Two tiers manage how items respond to failure between traffic traveling between instances:
-Tightly coupled
-Loosely coupled

Question 22

Tightly Coupled Architecture

Answer 22

if one component fails or changes, it causes issues for other connecting components

Question 23

Loosely Coupled Architecture

Answer 23

a single failure will not cause issues for other connected components

Question 24

Amazon Simple Queue Service

Answer 24

messages are placed until they are processed

sends, stores, and receives messages between software components at any VOLUME

Question 25

Payload

Answer 25

all data contained within a message

Question 26

Amazon Simple Notification System

Answer 26

sends messages to services but also sends notifications to end users

Question 27

Amazon SNS Topic:

Answer 27

a channel for a message to be delivered

allows to serve a number of customers at one time (poll multiple messages from the queue at one time

Question 28

Serverless

Answer 28

you cannot see or access underlying infrastructure (it does not mean it doesn’t exist)

Question 29

Docker

Answer 29

a tool for building and running isolated containers (kind of like virtual machines)

Question 29

AWS Lambda

Answer 29

scales a lambda function to meet demand
serverless service, scalable, highly available, and maintenance is done by AWS

use if you want to host short-run functions, service or event-driven oriented apps, and if you do not want to manage servers

Question 30

Amazon Elastic Container Service

Answer 30

a container orchestration tool
host is also an EC2 instance

use if you want to run docker container workloads on AWS

Question 31

Kubernetes

Answer 31

a tool for managing container-based. applications

Question 32

Container

Answer 32

package for code, dependencies, and configurations

Question 33

Cluster

Answer 33

includes processes to start, stop, monitor, and restart docker containers

Question 34

Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service

Answer 34

utilizes Kubernetes to run and manage containerized applications

Question 35

AWS Fargate

Answer 35

serverless service and compute platform for ECS and EKS