Module 2 (Chem)

Question 1

Isotopes

Answer 1

Atoms of the same element with different no. of neutrons and different masses

Question 2

Relative Isotopic Mass

Answer 2

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Question 3

Relative Atomic Mass

Answer 3

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with 1/12 of an atom of carbon-12

Question 4

Atomic Orbital

Answer 4

A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins

Question 5

Anhydrous

Answer 5

When all waters of crystallisation have been removed from a compound

Question 6

Hydrated

Answer 6

When water of crystallisation is present in a crystal compound

Question 7

Water of Crystallisation

Answer 7

The water present in a compound giving the compound a crystalline appearance

Question 8

Percentage Yield (Equation)

Answer 8

(Actual Mass of Product / Theoretical Mass of Product) x 100

Question 9

Atom Economy (Equation)

Answer 9

(Molecular Mass of desired product/ mass of all products) x 100

Question 10

Moles (Equation)

Answer 10

Moles = Mass/RAM

Question 11

Moles of Solution (Equation + Units)

Answer 11

Moles = [Volume (cm^3) x Concentration (mol dm^-3)] / 1000

OR
Moles = Volume (dm^3) x Concentration (mol dm^-3)

Question 12

Moles of a Gas at RTP (Equation + Units)

Answer 12

Moles = Volume (cm^3) / 24000

OR

Moles = Volume (dm^3) / 24

Question 13

Ideal Moles of a Gas (Equation + Units)

Answer 13

Pressure (P) x Volume (cm^3) = Moles (mol) x Gas Constant x Temperature (K)

Question 14

Acid

Answer 14

Proton (H+) Donor

Question 15

Base

Answer 15

Proton (H+) Acceptor

Question 16

Alkali

Answer 16

A soluble base that dissolves in water to release OH- ions in aqueous solution

Question 17

Oxidation

Answer 17

The loss of electrons

Question 18

Reduction

Answer 18

The gain of electrons

Question 19

Oxidising Agent

Answer 19

A reagent which oxidises another species by gaining electrons

Question 20

Reducing Agent

Answer 20

A reagent which reduces another species by losing electrons

Question 21

Redox

Answer 21

A reaction where both oxidation and reduction takes place

Question 22

Disproportionation

Answer 22

A reaction in which the same element is both oxidised and reduced

Question 23

Metallic Bond

Answer 23

Strong electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons

Question 24

Ionic Bond

Answer 24

Strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negatively charged ions

Question 25

Covalent Bond

Answer 25

Electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Question 26

Dative Covalent Bond

Answer 26

Strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of bonded atoms, where only one of the atoms supplies both electrons shared

Question 27

Electronegativity

Answer 27

The ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons towards itself in a covalent bond