Module 2: cells

Question 1

The first person to see cells, discovered the building blocks of life.

Answer 1

robert hooke

Question 2

building blocks of life

Answer 2

robert hook

Question 3

The Father of Microbiology

Answer 3

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Question 4

He was the first to observe and describe single-celled organisms

Answer 4

anton van leeuwenhoek

Question 5

anton van leeuwenhoek referred single celled organisms as ____, and which are now referred to as ____.

Answer 5

animalcules, microorganisms

Question 6

A zoologist who observed that the tissues of animals had cells

Answer 6

theodore schwann

Question 7

he contributed to biology include the development of cell theory, and discovery of cells in the peripheral nervous system

Answer 7

theodore schwann

Question 8

A German botanist, co- founder of the cell theory, observed that the tissues of plants contained cells

Answer 8

matthias schleiden

Question 9

he contributed to Phytogenesis, he stated that different parts of the plant organism are composed of cells.

Answer 9

matthias schleiden

Question 10

He reported that every living thing is made up of vital units, known as cells.

Answer 10

rudolf virchow

Question 11

Predicted that cells come from other cells

Answer 11

rudolf virchow

Question 12

two types of cell

Answer 12

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 13

there are the very simple cells, probably first to inhabit the earth and these cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus.

Answer 13

prokaryotic cells

Question 14

The word “prokaryote” means

Answer 14

before the nucleus

Question 15

type of cell that has few internal structures that are distinguishable under a microscope

Answer 15

prokaryotic cells

Question 16

what are the two types of prokaryotic cells

Answer 16

bacteria and cyanobacteria

Question 17

Which cellular structure in prokaryotic cells contains genetic information in the form of a circular loop known as ___?

Answer 17

Plasmid

Question 18

they are more advanced cells and are found in plants, animals and protists

Answer 18

eukaryotic cell

Question 19

eukaryotic cells are commonly found in ,, and __.

Answer 19

plants
animals
protist

Question 20

4 main parts of cells

Answer 20

cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
organelles

Question 21

What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?

Answer 21

cells

Question 22

Which type of cell have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles?

Answer 22

eukaryotes

Question 23

control the movement of substances in and out of the cells

Answer 23

cell membrane

Question 24

Which cellular organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Answer 24

ribosomes

Question 25

What is the function of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 25

store and protect the DNA

Question 26

In which organelle does photosynthesis occur in plant cells?

Answer 26

chloroplasts

Question 27

Which organelle is involved in detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?

Answer 27

peroxisomes

Question 28

it modifies, sort, amd pack proteins and lipids for transport

Answer 28

golgi apparatus

Question 29

outer boundary of cell

Answer 29

cell membrane

Question 30

jelly like fluid interior of the cell

Answer 30

cytoplasm

Question 31

it is control center of the cell

Answer 31

nucleus

Question 32

referred as little organs that carry out cell function

Answer 32

organelles

Question 33

3 basic parts

Answer 33

cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus

Question 34

What term describes the property of a cell membrane that allows it to selectively permit certain substances to pass into the cell while blocking others?

Answer 34

Semi-permeability

Question 35

it is where the microtubules are made

Answer 35

centrosome

Question 36

The jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.

Answer 36

cytoplasm

Question 37

It is where the metabolic reaction take place

Answer 37

cytoplasm

Question 38

Which organelle is often described as a flattened, layered, sac-like structure located near the nucleus, responsible for packaging proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for export from the cell?

Answer 38

golgi apparatus

Question 39

Where is ribosomal RNA produced within the cell?

Answer 39

nucleolus

Question 40

Which organelles are small, composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules, and serve as sites of protein synthesis?

Answer 40

ribosomes

Question 41

Which organelle is responsible for transporting materials through the cell and producing proteins in sacks called cisternae?

Answer 41

Rough ER

Question 42

What controls many of the functions of the cell by regulating protein synthesis and contains the cell’s DNA

Answer 42

nucleus

Question 43

Which organelle is responsible for digesting cell nutrients and is filled with digestive enzymes?

Answer 43

lysosomes

Question 44

Which organelle is involved in the synthesis and digestion of lipids and membrane proteins

Answer 44

Smooth ER

Question 45

What non-living structure surrounds plant cells, providing protection and support, and is made up of cellulose fibers?

Answer 45

cell wall

Question 46

Which organelle is surrounded by a double membrane with folds called cristae, serves as the center of cellular respiration, contains its own DNA, and is often referred to as the “powerhouse” of the cell?

Answer 46

mitochondria

Question 47

What are the membrane-surrounded “bag” that contain water and storage materials in plant cells?

Answer 47

vacuoles

Question 48

Which organelle contains a green pigment called chlorophyll and plays a crucial role in photosynthesis?

Answer 48

chloroplasts

Question 49

green pigment in plant is called

Answer 49

chlorophyll

Question 50

What organelles are involved in producing and degrading hydrogen peroxide, a toxic compound that can be generated during metabolism, and contain the enzyme catalase?

Answer 50

peroxisomes

Question 51

What are self-replicating organelles composed of nine bundles of microtubules, typically found in animal cells, and play a role in cell division?

Answer 51

centrioles

Question 52

What cellular structures are essential for the locomotion of individual organisms and can move materials past immobile cells in multicellular organisms?

Answer 52

cilla and flagella

Question 53

What straight, hollow cylinders are found throughout the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells (absent in prokaryotes) and carry out various functions, ranging from transport to structural support?

Answer 53

microtubules

Question 54

What are membrane-bound vesicles formed via a complex family of processes collectively known as endocytosis and found in the cytoplasm of virtually every animal cell?

Answer 54

endosomes

Question 55

What is the term for a very broad class of fibrous proteins that play an important role as both structural and functional elements of the cytoskeleton, with sizes ranging from 8 to 12 nanometers, functioning as tension-bearing elements to help maintain cell shape and rigidity?

Answer 55

intermediate filaments

Question 56

What are solid rods made of globular proteins called actin, primarily serving a structural function and being an important component of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 56

microfilaments

Question 57

the internal framework f the cell, give shape to the cell

Answer 57

cytoskeleton