Module 2: Cell structure

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

The region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope

Question 2

What is fluidity affected by?

Answer 2

• Temperature
• Phosphlipid type
• Chlesterol

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

• 2 different sized subunits
• Larger in eukaryotic cells
• Are made up of special RNA and proteins

Question 4

Factors limiting cell size

Answer 4

The larger the animal, the smaller the surface/volume surface would be

Question 5

DNA

Answer 5

• BOTH in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
• In eukaryotic cells DNA is located in the Nucleus
• In prokaryotic cells DNA is located in the Nucleoid

Question 6

What are the plasma membrane functions?

Answer 6

• Defining the outer border of all cells and organelles
• Regulating what enters and exits the cell
• Receiving external signals and initiating cellular responses
• Adhering or attaching to neighboring cells

Question 7

What are the main features of Prokaryotic cells?

Answer 7

1. Lack of a membrane-enclosed organelles
2. Have a cell wall containing peptidoglycan
3. Cells are simple & small
4. Prokaryotes are believed to be much like the first cells

Question 8

All cells hve these 4 common components

Answer 8

1. Cell membrane/Plasma membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. DNA
4. Ribosomes

Question 8

Cytosol

Answer 8

The fluid within the Cytoplasm

Question 8

What are the Plasma membrane principal components?

Answer 8

1. Lipids
2. Protein
3. Carbohydrates

Question 9

Tight Junctions (Animal)

Answer 9

Membranes of neighboring cells are pressed tightly together, prventing leakage of extracellular fluid

Question 10

Desmosomes (Animal)

Answer 10

(anchoring junctions) fasten cells together into srtong sheets

Question 11

Gap Junctions (Animal)

Answer 11

(communicating junctions) provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent cells

Question 12

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Endosymbiosis

Answer 12

It is hypothesized that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as independent prokaryotic organisms.