Module 2 - Cell Division, Cell Diversity and Cell Difentiatoin

Question 1

What is interphase?

Answer 1

3 stages:
Growth phase 1
Synthesis
Growth phase 2

Question 2

What happens during growth phase 1?

Answer 2

Cell grows and organelles duplicate

Checkpoint 1 : ensures there are no damages and chemicals for replication are present

Question 3

What happens during synthesis?

Answer 3

DNA replication (semi-conservative)
Two identical sister chromatids

Question 4

What happens during growth phase 2

Answer 4

Cells continue to grow

Proteins needed for division are made

Question 5

What is after interphase?

Answer 5

Mitosis then cytokinesis

Question 6

Why does mitosis occur?

Answer 6

For a sexual reproduction

Growth and tissue repair

Question 7

What are the stages of Mitosis

Answer 7

PMAT
Prophase - chromosome condenses, centrioles divide and move to opposite ends of the cell and nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase - chromosomes line up at equator, they are attached to spindle fibres by the centromere
Anaphase - spindle fibres contract and cause centrioles to seperate and pull the sister chromatids to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase - chromatids reach opposite poles/ends and new nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes and the cell becomes two nuclei which are both genetically identical

Question 8

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 8

There is a cleavage forrow where the plasma membrane folds in wards and nips in the cytoplasm to create two identical cells