Module 2 - Cell Division, Cell Diversity and Cell Difentiatoin Flashcards

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1
Q

What is interphase?

A

3 stages:
Growth phase 1
Synthesis
Growth phase 2

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2
Q

What happens during growth phase 1?

A

Cell grows and organelles duplicate

Checkpoint 1 : ensures there are no damages and chemicals for replication are present

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3
Q

What happens during synthesis?

A
DNA replication (semi-conservative)
Two identical sister chromatids
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4
Q

What happens during growth phase 2

A

Cells continue to grow

Proteins needed for division are made

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5
Q

What is after interphase?

A

Mitosis then cytokinesis

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6
Q

Why does mitosis occur?

A

For a sexual reproduction

Growth and tissue repair

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7
Q

What are the stages of Mitosis

A

PMAT
Prophase - chromosome condenses, centrioles divide and move to opposite ends of the cell and nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase - chromosomes line up at equator, they are attached to spindle fibres by the centromere
Anaphase - spindle fibres contract and cause centrioles to seperate and pull the sister chromatids to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase - chromatids reach opposite poles/ends and new nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes and the cell becomes two nuclei which are both genetically identical

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8
Q

What happens during cytokinesis?

A

There is a cleavage forrow where the plasma membrane folds in wards and nips in the cytoplasm to create two identical cells

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