Module 2 - Atoms, Ions, and Compounds Flashcards
Foundations in Chemistry
What does an atom consist of?
A nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
What are the relative masses of a proton, neutron, and electron?
1, 1, and 1/1836 respectively.
What are the relative charges of a proton, neutron, and electron?
+1, 0, and -1 respectively.
How do the number of protons and electrons differ in an atom?
They are the same because atoms have neutral charge.
How does the number of protons differ between atoms of the same element?
It does not differ - all atoms of the same element have the same number of protons.
What force holds an atom nucleus together?
Strong nuclear force.
What is the proton number/atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in the atom’s nucleus of an element.
What is the mass number of an element?
number of protons + number of neutrons
What is an isotope?
An atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
What is the equation for relative isotopic mass?
relative isotopic mass = mass of an isotope/(1/12th mass of 1 atom of C-12)
What is the equation for relative atomic mass (Ar)?
relative atomic mass = weighted mean mass of 1 atom/(1/12th mass of 1 atom of C-12)
What is the equation for relative molecular mass (Mr)?
relative molecular mass = average mass of 1 molecule/(1/12th mass of 1 atom C-12)
What is an ion?
An atom of group of atoms with a charge (a different number of electrons to protons).
Define the term cation.
A positive ion (atom with fewer electrons than protons).
Define the term anion.
A negative ion (atom with more electrons than protons).
