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Nursing Foundations 1 > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

Mobility and Immobility

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1
Q

What is Proprioception?

A

the awareness of the position of the body and its parts

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2
Q

What is body Mechanics?

A

The way in which you safely position or move your body while performing tasks.

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3
Q

What is ADL ?

A

Activities of daily living

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4
Q

What are the principles of body mechanics?

A
  • Wider base of support = greater stability
  • Lower centre of gravity = greater stability
  • face the direction you are moving NO TWISTING
  • Use arms and legs dividing the balance
  • use leverage ( push pull , avoid lifting wherever possible
  • less friction means less force, use a transfer sheet
  • good body mechanics leads to less fatigue and stress throughout the day.
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5
Q

What are the nurses 6 check points when transferring a patient?

A

1) 3 for the top ( ears, should, hips)
2) 3 for bottom ( stomach tight butt out, body weight over heels, trunk forward and bend at hips.
3) Elbows Tucked in
4) palms UP grip
5) work in your comfort zone ( hands move shoulders to hips.
6) weight transfer ( side to side, back to front )

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6
Q

Effects of exercise on the Cardiovascular System

A
  • Increased cardiac output
  • improved myocardial contraction, strengthening cardiac muscles
  • Decreased resting heart rate
  • improved venous return
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7
Q

Effects of exercise on the Pulmonary System

A
  • Increased respiratory rate and depth of return, followed by a quicker resting state.
  • Improved aveolar ventilation
  • Improved diaphragmatic excursion
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8
Q

Effects of exercise on the Metabolic System

A
  • Increased basal metabolic state
  • Increased use of glucose and fatty acids
  • increased triglyceride breakdown
  • increased gastric motility
  • Increased production of body heat
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9
Q

Effects of exercise on the Musculoskeletal System

A
  • Improved muscle tone
  • increased joint mobility
  • improved muscle tolerance to physical activity
  • possible increase in muscle mass
  • reduced bone loss
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10
Q

Psychosocial effects of Exercise

A
  • Improved tolerance to stress
  • Reports of “ feeling better”
  • Reports of decrease in illness ( colds, influenza )
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11
Q

Effects of exercise on activity tolerance

A
  • Improved tolerance

- Decreased fatigue.

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12
Q

Body Mechanics

A 
Coordination of muscularskeletal system and nervous system.
Maintain.
- Balance
- Posture
- Body alignment
During lifting, bending and ADLs
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13
Q

Pathological Influences on Body Mechanics

A

Abnormalities: Effect the musculoskeletal system
Disorders of joints: affects the bones, joints, tendons, muscles ( inflammatory or noninflammatory disease)
Central Nervous System Damage
Chronic diseases: affect internal organs
Musculoskeletal trauma: sprains, bruises, brakes

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14
Q

Body Alignment

A

Relationship of one body part to another from a vertical or horizontal line.
- no excessive strain on a persons joints, tendons, or ligaments.

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15
Q

Body Balance

A

This happens when the centre of gravity is balanced over a stable base of support

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16
Q

Pressure Ulcer

A

An open wound that occurs from being to long in one position and not moving regularly

17
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Muscle Paralysis

18
Q

Isotonic Contraction

A

Muscle contractions and muscle length changes

19
Q

Isometric Contraction

A

Tightening or tensing of muscles without moving body parts.

20
Q

Resistive Isometric Excercise

A

Individual contracts muscles while pushing against an object

21
Q

Ergonomics

A

directed focus to reduce the number of working related injuries and illnesses in the healthcare industry.

22
Q

Mobility

A 
Ability to move freely and easily
4 components
- Range of Motion
- Gait
-Excercise
-Activity Tolerance
23
Q

Gait

A

Manner of style of walking, including rhythm. cadence and speed

24
Q

Range of motion ( ROM)

A

Movement potential of a joint range of flexion and extension

25
Q

Activity Tolerance

A

Kind and amount of exercise a person is able to perform

26
Q

immobility

A

Not being able to move freely

27
Q

Bed Rest

A

Intervention that restricts a patient to their bed for therapeutic reasons

28
Q

Muscle Atrophy

A

Loss of tone and joint stiffness

29
Q

Systemic effects of Immobility

A

Metabolic Changes :Endocrine system can be altered ( reabsorption of calcium)

Respiratory Changed: higher risk to develop pulmonary complications lung lobe collapse

Musculoskeletal Changes: temporary or permanent impairment

Urinary Changes: alters urinary output

Integumentary Changes: in Metabolism, pressure of the skin resulting in pressure injury.

30
Q

Pressure Injury

A

Localized Damage to the skin and underlying soft tissue

31
Q

Foot Drop

A

Foot is permanently fixed at a planters position

32
Q

Supine Position

A

Back lying position

33
Q

Prone Position

A

Lying Chest Down, head turned to the side

34
Q

Side Lying Position

A

On side, head aligned with midline of body

35
Q

Sims Position ( Lateral Recumbent Position

A

Lie on left side, left hip and lower extremity straight right hip and knee bent

36
Q

Dorsal Recumbent Position

A

Lying on back, legs bent upwards.

37
Q

Nursing Process

A

A way of planning our patients care:

Assess
Diagnose
Plan
Implement
Evaluate

Nursing Foundations 1 (3 decks)

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