Module 2 Flashcards
What do agonists type drugs do?
mimic or increase the response of an endogenous substance.
What do partial agonist drugs do?
produces a weaker response than an agonist.
What do antagonist drugs do?
used to block the response of an endogenous substance or reverse adverse effects of a drug overdose.
What does graded dose-response mean?
relationship between and measurement of the patient’s response obtained at different doses of drugs.
Phase 1: lowest doses, few target cells affected by drug
Phase 2: linear relationship between amount of drug administered and degree of response obtained-most desirable range of doses.
Phase 3: plateau reached, increasing drug dose produces no additional therapeutic response-maximal response. Careful of toxic effects.
What is drug efficacy?
the greatest response that an individual can get from a drug.
What is drug toxicity?
level of drug that will result in serious adverse effects
What is drug potency?
the strength of a drug at a specific concentration or dose. The more potent the drug, the less is needed to reach a therapeutic effect.
What does drug comparability mean?
comparing two drugs on potency and efficacy. Efficacy more important than potency. Better to use a drug in high dose that is effective than a drug with lower dose with lower effectiveness.
What are the 4 components of pharmacokinetics?
- Absorption: how a drug gets to the bloodstream after it is administered.
- Distribution: process by which drugs are transported through the body.
- Metabolism: process in which the body chemically alters a drug.
- Excretion: process by which the body eliminates the drug from the body.
What does pharmacokinetics mean?
“kinetics” means movement or motion”. the study of drug movement throughout the body. In practical terms, it describes how the body deals with medications.
What does pharmacodynamics mean?
“dynamics” means to change.how a medicine changes
the body. The branch of pharmacology concerned with the mechanisms of drug action and the relationships between drug concentration at the site of action and the resulting effects in the body.
What does loading dose refer to?
a higher dosage of medication administered to a client in order to achieve a quick therapeutic response.
What does maintenance dose refer to?
a dosage administered to keep a preferred plasma drug concentration in the blood.
What does onset refer to?
time it takes for a therapeutic effect of a drug to appear.
What does peak levels of drug refer to?
highest amount of drug in the blood stream.
