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RE > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Sacrament

A

Outward sign of inwards grace

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2
Q

What’s the sacramental nature of reality?

A

Finding grace of god within physical world, how God speaks to us through his creations

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2
Q

Why are sacraments important?

A

Through them, you receive the grace of God and are broughtt closer to him. You are also walking in the footsteps of Christ and saints. It also shows your dedication to God.

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3
Q

Why is baptism important?

A

It brings ‘sanctifying grace’ to the soul and cleanses original sin. It also demonstrates God’s loving forgiveness as he forgives us of our sins. Gives you a Christian identity.

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4
Q

What’s the symbolism in baptism?

A

Water represents the hs and washes away sin.
Oil demonstrates your chosen identity for a mission.
The baptismal candle represents the light of Jesus.

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5
Q

What are the three initiation sacraments?

A

Baptism, Eucharist and Confirmation before you are a full member of the Church.

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6
Q

Why is confirmation important ?

A

Increases ‘sanctifying grace’ and strengthens faith. It’s a symbol of completion of baptism. Symbolises the outpouring of the Holy Spirit.

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7
Q

What symbols are shown in confirmation?

A

Reciting of baptismal promises represents a completion of baptism. Oil with, ‘be sealed with the Holy Spirit’ shows the outpouring of the Holy Spirit.

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8
Q

Why is the Eucharist important?

A

“The Eucharist occupies a unique place as the sacrament of sacraments” CCC 1211
Increasing strength and uniting us to Christ and the rest of our Christian community through the bread and wine.

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9
Q

Symbolism within the Eucharist

A

Bread and wine IS Christ. Bread is food of life/ unifies. Crushed grapes in wine represent him crushed for our salvation.

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10
Q

Why is reconciliation important?

A

Removes spiritual illness of sin. Restoring/ strengthening sanctifying grace. Shows repentance and forgiving nature of God.

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11
Q

Symbolism in reconciliation

A

Act of contrition shows repentance, words of absolution show forgiveness of God.

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12
Q

Why is anointing of the sick important?

A

Gives strength, comfort and preparation for one facing oncoming death. Calls down the HS, heals and cleanses.

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13
Q

Symbolism in anointing of the sick

A

Praying over them calls down the HS. Anointing oil shows healing and cleansing.

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14
Q

Importance of matrimony

A

Demonstrates imago dei as we too have the ability to give and receive love. Provides grace and strength for 2 to support each other. Binding promises for lifelong commitment.

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15
Q

Symbolism in marriage

A

Vows are binding and a sign of the work of Christ.

Rings have no beginning or end, representing eternity.

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16
Q

Why are Holy orders important?

A

Gives grace and responsibility for souls who should be in their care. Prepares through HS and demonstrates faith to god. Symbolic to God’s loving presence to people and a Christ as a shepherd.

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17
Q

Symbolism within Holy orders

A

Sole demonstrates sign of service. Anointing of hands demonstrate holiness made through sacraments. Chalice and Paten signify celebration of Eucharist. Mitre represents bishops office. Ring shows faithfulness to god and church. Staff shows bishops role as shepherd.

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18
Q

What are divergent teachings of sacraments?

A

Although Orthodox recognise the same sacraments, Protestant/ Lutheran/ Anglican/ Methodist recognise only Baptism and Eucharist as sacraments instituted by Christ and the rest are rituals which aren’t as important. Baptists call these rituals, ‘ordinances’ as they are an expression of faith rather than a communication of Gods grace.

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19
Q

‘Sacraments enable Christians to be close to God.’ EVALUATE

A

Agree: They bring sanctifying grace and strength to your faith.
Show dedication and trust in God. Demonstrate God’s nature so that we may delve deeper into the mystery of him. You are walking in the footsteps of Christ, eg: J’s baptism, ‘the spirit of God descending like a dove.’
Disagree: Can read bible instead to feel closer to him. Before sacraments, people were still close to God. Do not need to show everyone your faith to God in order to be close to him. Baptists believe only baptism and Eucharist communicate God’s grace.

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20
Q

Quote for sacramental nature of reality.

A

“The seven sacraments touch all the stages of Christian life; they give birth and increase, healing and mission.” CCC1210
“The Eucharist occupies a unique place as the sacrament of sacraments .” CCC1211

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21
Q

Liturgical worship

A

Structured public service of worship followed in Churches by Catholic Christians.

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22
Q

Liturgy

A

The work of the people or an act of public service performed for the good of the people, God does it.

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23
Q

Importance of liturgical worship

A

Brings God and Catholics together through Jesus.
Redeems Catholics from sin.
Makes Catholics more holy and like God.
A way for us to take part in the work of the lord.
Believe Christ is present acting on souls.

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24
Q

Quote for liturgical worship

A

“Partaking of the body of the Lord in the breaking of the Eucharistic bread, we are taken up into communion with him and with one another.” Lumen Gentium.

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25
Q

4 main parts of mass

A

Introductory rites, Liturgy of the word, Eucharist, Concluding rites

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26
Q

What happens during the introductory rites

A

Gathering, greeting, penitential rite, Gloria and collect

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27
Q

What’s the importance of the introductory rites?

A

We gather as a community to praise God. We remember our sins and ask god for mercy.

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28
Q

Where do we read from in the liturgy of the word?

A

Old Testament then New Testament,gospel of the lord (then homily which is explanation of it) and then the creed.

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29
Q

Why is liturgy of the word important?

A

Listen to God’s word and are allowed to understand it through the homily. You proclaim your faith and praise god while praying for those in need.

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30
Q

Why is the liturgy of the Eucharist important?

A

“The Eucharist holds a unique place as the sacrament of sacraments”CCC1211
Proclaim mystery of faith.
Re presentation of last meal. Brings Catholics together. Commanded to by Jesus.

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31
Q

Why are the concluding rites important?

A

Receive God’s final blessing to go in peace

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32
Q

What’s the Lumen Gentium?

A

A document produced after the Second Vatican Council which allows the Church to be part of J’s body through the Eucharist.

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33
Q

Divergent attitudes to liturgical worship.

A

Evangelical Christians have less structured worship as they believe formal worship inhibits your connection to God. They believe spontaneity brings you closer to the HS as well as evangelisation.

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34
Q

Describe 2 differences in how the Eucharist is interpreted in Catholicism and divergent teachings.

A

Catholics literally believe that the bread and wine IS Christ while Protestants believe it simply represents Jesus.
Catholics believe that praising god is important as there’s no higher good than God while evangelists believe formal worship restricts faith.
Finally while Catholics value apostolic teachings of the Church, Evangelists value spontaneous acts of worship.

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35
Q

2 ways liturgical worship is important for Christians today.

A

It brings all Christians together as one as stated in the lumen Gentium, ‘we are taken into communion with him and one another’.
While it also gives us sanctifying grace as shown in the ccc, ‘sacrament of sacraments ‘.

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36
Q

Funeral rite

A

A rite of the Church to accompany the deceased person at their journey’s end.

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37
Q

What does the death and resurrection of Jesus show about death?

A

That early life is a pilgrimage to God and death isn’t the end but the beginning of eternal life.

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38
Q

What are the 3 funeral celebrations and where are they performed?

A

Vigil of the deceased (home/church) , liturgy (church), rite of commital and commendation(cemetery/crematorium)

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39
Q

Requiem

A

A mass to remember the deceased person

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40
Q

What does the vigil of the deceased compose of?

A

It is the day before the funeral in which the deceased is laid in their coffin to be visited by friends and family. There’s prayers, songs and even a homily from the priest. This brings everyone together in faith.

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41
Q

What is the funeral liturgy composed of?

A

Optional liturgy of the Eucharist which is encouraged due to importance of the paschal mystery. Chosen readings are read by the priest. This brings everyone together as the body of Jesus.

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42
Q

What does the farewell (commendation) compose of?

A

‘Commendation to God by Church’, say goodbye but hope to see deceased in afterlife. Shows that we are still part of the Church even in death.

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43
Q

What are the aims of the funeral rite?

A

Communion w the deceased (support into next life through efficacious prayer), communion of community (relation of loved ones to their lives and connect w each other)
And proclamation of eternal life (reminder of beginning of eternal life w God)

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44
Q

Suffrage

A

Prayer for deceased

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45
Q

Outline 3 types of funeral celebration

A

Vigil of deceased happens as deceased is laid in coffin at home/church for loved ones to pray for and may feature homily.
Liturgy happens at church as normal mass with relevant readings.
The rite of committal is an opportunity for loved ones to say their final goodbyes at crematorium/cemetery.

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46
Q

Explain 2 functions of the funeral rite in Catholic life.

A

Proclamation of eternal life reminds people that death isn’t the end but entrance to eternal life, stated by Cardinal Vincent Matthews, ‘our great hope is that in death, we shall be redeemed by Christ’s great sacrifice.’
Communion of the deceased supports the deceased into next life.

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47
Q

Quote for 2.3 funeral rite

A

‘Our great hope is that we will be redeemed from death by Christ’s victory’ cardinal Vincent Matthews

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48
Q

Quote for 2.4 prayer

A

‘Our father…and forgive us our debts as we also have forgiven our debtors…’ Matthew 6:9-13

49
Q

Prayer

A

Communication from God

50
Q

What two forms can prayer be in?

A

Active (speaking)

Receptive (listening)

51
Q

What are the 5 types of prayer

A 
Thanksgiving 
Adoration
Petition
Intercession
Repentance
52
Q

What’s thanksgiving prayer?

A

Expressing love and gratitude for God’s graces. Eg: grace before meals

53
Q

What’s adoration prayer?

A

Acknowledgement of God’s power and our dependency on him. Eg: ‘glory be’

54
Q

What’s petition prayer

A

Personal needs. Eg: in times of hardship

55
Q

What’s intercession prayer?

A

Praying on behalf of someone else, is form of petition prayer. Eg: bidding prayers

56
Q

What’s repentance prayer?

A

Acknowledgement of sorrow for sins

57
Q

Formulaic prayer

A

Prayer using formulas/ words from Church tradition

58
Q

Extempore prayer

A

An informal prayer of someone’s own words without preparation

59
Q

Explain 2 examples of types of prayer

A

A prayer of adoration may be the ‘glory be’ as it gives thanks to ‘the father, to the son and to the holy spirit’ and shows worship.
A prayer of thanksgiving may be grace before meals as you are showing gratefulness for his offerings of food.

60
Q

‘Only formal prayer is important ‘ evaluate

A

For:
Unites us as one.
Were set out to us by Church.
May represent our feelings that we may ourselves not be able to put into words.

Against:
Variety grows faith and informal is more personal.
Different, modern day situations may not be expressed by formal prayer.
Evangelists believe spontaneity increases closeness to Holy Spirit.

61
Q

Popular piety

A

(Devotions/ nonliturgical worship)
It’s celebration/ worship of God that isn’t part of public liturgy of the Church, it lacks a strict pattern/ order of worship.
Elements of public liturgy can be used as well.

62
Q

Quote for popular piety

A

“These expressions of piety extend the liturgical life of the Church, but do not replace it.” (CCC1675)

63
Q

Examples of popular piety:

A

Rosary, Eucharistic adoration, stations of the cross, novenas, group prayer, pilgrimage, bible-centred prayer, pilgrimage, veneration of relics.

64
Q

Why is the Rosary important?

A

Helps Catholics meditate on the grace of God. Each mystery allows us to think about a different element of Jesus’ life. Gives honour to Mary.
Not used by other denominations.

65
Q

How do Anglicans use the rosary?

A

As a private devotion without Catholic mysteries.

66
Q

Why are the stations of the cross important?

A

Honour the passion/ death of JC. (Via Crucis) is apostolic tradition as those who couldn’t afford to go on a pilgrimage used to use these instead.

67
Q

When are the stations of the cross mainly used?

A

Good Friday and Lent.

68
Q

Why is Eucharistic adoration important?

A

Is the BLESSED SACRAMENT in a monstrance and adored. Focuses people in prayer, praises/ thanks God, not widely performed.

69
Q

What did Vatican 2 say about Eucharistic adoration?

A

That we must genuflect before it

70
Q

Why is it important to have both liturgical and nonliturgical worship?

A

They are different ways of doing the same thing (variety builds faith). Liturgical helps us to pray in the community while nonliturgical is more individual. Catechisms say that we should worship in all different ways, they ‘extend the liturgical life of the Church but do not replace it.’ (CCC)

71
Q

Explain 2 forms of popular piety

A

One form of popular piety is the rosary which features beads in sets called decades. It features 10 Hail Marys, 1 glory be and 1 Lord’s prayer. Allows Catholics to honour Mary and meditate on the grace of God in different aspects of J’s life.
Also another form is the 14 stations of the cross, featuring medications on Christ’s passion / suffering. This honours his passion and suffering while carrying on apostolic tradition.

72
Q

Explain 2 benefits of popular piety. (5 marks)

A

Explain 2 benefits of forms of popular piety (5 marker)

Firstly, it gives variety to our faith, allowing us to grow as Christians by practicing our faith in a wide means. As stated in the catechisms, ‘these expressions of piety extend the liturgical life of the Church’.
It also works on your faith as an individual. This is important as it allows you to feel a closer connection to God while allowing you to connect in your own way so you feel more comfortable in your relationship to him.

73
Q

Pilgrimage quote

A

“Pilgrimages evoke our earthly journey toward heaven and are traditionally very special occasions for renewal in prayer” (CCC2691)

74
Q

Pilgrimages

A

Journeys made to religiously significant places with a spiritual purpose.
They began after the ascension, people mainly travelled to the holy land and Rome. The reformation then destroyed many pilgrimage sites.

75
Q

What are the purposes of pilgrimage?

A

To visit the origins of Christianity. To walk in the ‘footsteps’ of Jesus and the disciples. Is an opportunity to pray and be redeemed from sin. Is an act of devotion. Refresh faith. Show commitment to God.

76
Q

Why are pilgrimage sites significant?

A

They may be connected to JC (holy land features his birth, death and resurrection). Allows people to pray at sites and better understand the gospel.
May be connected to Mary and sites of Marian apparitions (Lourdes). May be connected to the disciples/ other saints (st Peter’s basilica and Basilica of St Francis).
Places of ecumenical pilgrimage allow you to spend time and prayer with other Christians (Walsingham) as a community.

77
Q

Importance of pilgrimage today:

A 
Open to all denominations.
Time and space for prayer.
Connection with other Christians.
Closer to God.
Responds to increasingly commercialised and secular world
78
Q

Jerusalem

A

Jesus’ place of death and resurrection.

Origin of Christianity.

79
Q

Rome

A

Home to the Pope. Incorporates sightseeing into aspects of pilgrimage. Place of death for many martyrs. Secret places for Christians persecuted/oppressed.

80
Q

Lourdes

A

Place of healing and Marian apparitions. Candlelit processions and many pilgrims a year.

81
Q

Walsingham

A

Replica of house woman had 3 visions of annunciation.

82
Q

3 places Catholics choose to go on pilgrimage.

A

Lourdes is the place of healing and apparitions.
Rome is the place of death for many martyrs.
Jerusalem incorporates JC’s life.

83
Q

‘Pilgrimage is a unique type of worship which every Christian should undertake.’ Evaluate

A 
For: increasingly secular world (chance to escape)
Grows you closer to God
Shows commitment to god
Against:
Can’t afford
Other ways to be closer to god 
Money spent could be spent on others.
‘Extend the liturgical life of the Church but do not replace it’
84
Q

Quotes for catholic social teaching.

A

“The fact that people are born in places with fewer resources or less development does not justify the fact that they are living with less dignity.” (Evangeli Gaudium)
“As you did it to the least of my brethren, you did it to me.”
(Matthew 25:40)

85
Q

What do all 7 themes of CST represent?

A

“Love your neighbour” (Mark 12:29-30) based on the Good Samaritan. Concerns justice, peace and reconciliation.

86
Q

Catholic social teachings

A

Life and dignity of a human person, call to family, community and participation, rights and responsibilities, option for poor and vulnerable, dignity and rights of workers, solidarity, stewardship and care for God’s creation

87
Q

LADOAHP?

A

Life and dignity of a human person, covers abortion, death penalty, cloning…etc. Catholics believe all life is sacred and holy.

88
Q

CTFCAP?

A

Call to family, community and participation. Covers homosexuality, marriage…etc. Shows our right to be part of society and Catholics value of family in worship.

89
Q

RAR?

A

Rights and responsibilities. Covers gender equality, poverty…etc. We consider it our duty to protect rights of other people.

90
Q

OFPAV

A

Option for poor and vulnerable. Covers equality for rich and poor. “What you did to the least of my brethren, you did to me.” (Matthew 25:40)

91
Q

DAROW?

A

Dignity and rights of workers. Covers child labour, union and the gender pay gap.

92
Q

S?

A

Solidarity. Covers equality, justice…etc. Promotes idea of one big Christian family w peace and justice. We were all made in God’s eyes (imago dei).

93
Q

SACFGC?

A

Stewardship and care for Gods creation. Covers global warming, animal extinction…etc. Supports idea of dominion and us as the pinnacle of creation.

94
Q

Papel encyclical

A

A letter from the pope to all his bishops

95
Q

Definition of Catholic Social teachings

A

Teachings of the church addressing social, political and economic issues.

96
Q

Lay organisation

A

A group run by ordinary members of the Catholic Church, not ordained bishops, priests or deacons.

97
Q

2 key documents displaying CST

A

Evangeli gaudium & gaudium et spes

98
Q

What are the 7 corporal works of mercy?

A 
1 feed the hungry
2 give drink to the thirsty
3clothe the naked
4 shelter the homeless
5 visit the sick 
6 visit the imprisoned 
7 bury the dead
99
Q

What are the 7 SPIRITUAL works of mercy?

A 
1counsel the doubtful
2instruct the ignorant
3admonish sinners
4comfort the afflicted
5forgive offences
6bear wrongs patiently 
7pray for the living and the dead
100
Q

What does CAFOD stand for?

A 
Catholic
Agency
For
Overseas 
Development
101
Q

What are the 7 spiritual/corporal works of mercy based on?

A

The parable of the sheep and goats.

102
Q

What ethics do CAFOD hold?

A

That everyone has the right to live with dignity (prevention of injustice/poverty)
Works w everyone regardless of religion/culture.
Set up self help schemes.
Deals w modern day problems (conflict, climate change, HIV…etc)
Spreads awareness to ensure global peace and social justice.

103
Q

Explain 2 ways CAFOD demonstrates Catholic social teachings

A

CAFOD demonstrates ‘option for poor and vulnerable’ through battling against poverty and social injustice via self help schemes that reduce fluctuating crop prices and so prevent exploitation from wealthier countries. This could also fit in with rights and responsibilities as they consider it their duty to protect farmers in developing countries and their rights.
While doing this, it demonstrates ‘solidarity’ as helps people regardless of their faith. They travel to places all over the world, including all those in need. This promotes global peace and justice. This characteristic is shown in a quote from Evangeli Gaudium, ‘the fact that some people are born in places with fewer resources or less development, does not justify the fact that they are living with less dignity.’ This presents CAFOD’s duty to look after those at disadvantages in the world.

104
Q

‘Catholic Social teaching has the power to influence the whole world.’ Evaluate.

A

For:

Many charities set up by the Church are out in the world working to promote global peace and equality already.
Set up self help schemes,this means their aid continues to improve that area for a long time after being implemented.
Fit with core beliefs of every faith and can be recognised as global ethics, for example, the UN has set up Millenium development goals which is influenced by CST and covers similar issues such as climate change and gender equality.
Against:
Would be impossible to affect the whole world as the world will always have inequality.
The Church does not have enough money or resources to outsource to every country.
Short term aid is temporary.

105
Q

Mission

A

Being sent to others to bring them the gospel of Jesus. Reflects the trinity.
Eg:
God sent Jesus on a mission to save the world and sent the Holy Spirit to build the kingdom of God

106
Q

Commission of Jesus

A

The disciples’ mission given by Jesus.

107
Q

Evangelisation

A

Continuing the work of announcing/living out the gospel.

This is every Catholic’s mission from Jesus set out by the Holy Spirit.

108
Q

Proselytising

A

Trying to convert individuals to a faith. (Often has a negative view in the public)

109
Q

Quote for Catholic mission and evangelisation

A

“A relationship with Jesus Christ in the church is a cause of such joy that it causes people to go out on a mission to evangelise.”

Evangeli Gaudium

110
Q

What’s new evangelisation?

A

The view that people are evangelising in western, secular places where people are already aware. This leads to the belief that we should go to places in which people may have strayed from Christ and so are less aware.

111
Q

How does the church show evangelisation locally?

A

Through parish life (mass, sacraments…etc)
Engagement w other parishes
Diocesan papers

112
Q

How does the Church demonstrate evangelisation nationally?

A

The department of evangelisation.
National initiatives
National publications
National charities

113
Q

How does the Church demonstrate evangelisation globally?

A

The pope

International charities like CAFOD

114
Q

How do individual Catholics demonstrate evangelisation?

A

Through demonstrating teachings of Christ in everyday life

Sharing the love of Jesus w others.

115
Q

How do individual Catholics demonstrate evangelisation locally?

A

Via choice of career
Gospel spreading through local, oral/written communication
Vocation of marriage/family life

116
Q

How do individual Catholics demonstrate evangelisation nationally?

A

Attending national events/ workshops

117
Q

How do individual catholics demonstrate evangelisation internationally?

A

Attending global gatherings

Living out their vocation in a global context

118
Q

Outline 3 ways in which man individual might participate in evangelisation.

A

One may attend national/global conferences to share and delve deeper into their faith.
One’s choice of career may embody their dedication towards Christ.
Participating in the vocation of marriage and having a family shows your acceptance of God’s grace and your willingness to share it w others.

119
Q

Explain 2 ways that the ‘new evangelisation is important for catholics today. {C}

A

It’s important as it refreshes people’s idea of evangelisation, promoting the younger generation to participate in living out the gospel. This is important as it means more and more people can share their joy in Christ (as aforementioned in Evangeli gaudium), “a relationship with Jesus Christ is a cause of such joy that it causes people to go out on a mission to evangelise.”
Also, going into less western areas in which people are more aware of Catholicism is very pointless and almost negates the public image of Christianity as proselytisers. Going into areas less aware is important as you can bring those who have strayed from god back to him. This fits into the 7 corporal works of mercy.

RE (10 decks)

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