Module 2 Flashcards
What is an Isotope?
Atom of the same element with a different number of neutrons
Define relative atomic mass
Relative atomic mass is the mass of an atom of an element relative to one twelfth of the mass of an atom of Carbon-12
Define relative isotopic mass
Relative atomic mass is the mass of an isotope of an element relative to one twelfth of the mass of an atom of Carbon-12
What is the ideal gas equation (and what are the units)?
pV=nRT where T is in kelvin and p is in pascals
What is the difference between strong and weak acids?
Strong acids fully dissociate their H+ ions
What is special about the 4s sub-shell?
It fills and empties before 3d
Define ionic bonding
The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
What are the properties of Ionic compounds?
Mostly solids at room temperature, with high melting points. Dissolve in polar solvents and conduct electricity while dissolved or molten, they act as mobile charge carriers
What is covalent bonding?
Strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons, the nuclei of the bonded atoms
What is a coordinate bond?
A covalent bond whose shared pair of electrons was only supplied by one of the bonded atoms, originally a lone pair
What is the bond angle in a tetrahedral compound?
109.5 degrees
What I the bond angle in a pyramidal compound?
107.0 degrees
What is the bond angle in a non-linear compound?
104.5 degrees
How do London Forces arise?
At any moment, movement of electrons result in an instantaneous dipole, which in turn, induces a dipole on neighbouring atoms
What is hydrogen bonding?
Interaction between a bonded hydrogen atom and a very electronegative element, such as oxygen, nitrogen or fluorine
