Module 2 Flashcards
Define “saprophyte”.
An organism that feeds on dead matter.
Define “parasite”.
An organism that feeds on a living host.
Define “aerobic organism”.
An organism that requires oxygen.
Define “anaerobic organism”.
An organism that does not require oxygen.
Define “steady state”.
A state in which members of a population die as quickly as new members are born.
Define “exponential growth”.
Population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever-increasing population.
Define “logistic growth”.
Population growth that is controlled by limited resources.
Define “conjugation”.
A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer.
Define “plasmid”.
A small, circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main bacterial genetic code.
Define “transformation”, as pertains to bacteria.
The transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell.
Define “transduction”.
The process by which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacteria to another.
Define “endospore”.
The DNA and other essential parts of a bacterium coated with several hard layers.
Define “strains”.
Organisms from the same species that have markedly different traits.
How do you classify a bacterium with an exotic cell wall?
Phylum Mendosicutes
Class Archaebacteria
How do you classify a bacterium with no cell wall?
Phylum Tenericutes
Class Mollicutes
How do you classify a gram-positive bacterium that is bacillus or coccus?
Phylum Firmicutes
Class Firmibacteria
How do you classify a gram-positive bacterium that is not bacillus or coccus?
Phylum Firmicutes
Class Thallobacteria
How do you classify a gram-negative bacterium that is not photosynthetic?
Phylum Gracilicutes
Class Scotobacteria
How do you classify a gram-negative bacterium that is photosynthetic but doesn’t produce oxygen?
Phylum Gracilicutes
Class Anoxyphotobacteria
How do you classify a gram-negative bacterium that is photosynthetic and produces oxygen?
Phylum Gracilicutes
Class Oxyphotobacteria
Define “pathogen”.
An organism that causes disease.
What does the plasma membrane do?
The plasma membrane regulates what materials are taken in and out of the cell by the bacterium.
What does the cell wall do?
The cell wall keeps the interior of the cell together and gives it its shape.
What does the capsule do?
The capsule protects the bacterium from infection-fighting agents and allows it to stick to surfaces.
