Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Social 30-2 > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

amendment

A

a change or addition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

antitrust law

A

a law created by the government of the United States to ensure that large corporations do not have a monopoly on the sale of goods or services

The antitrust law ensures that entrepreneurs have an opportunity to compete with one another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

boom

A

an economic stage in which the economy is growing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

bust

A

a large decrease in economic activity; the collapse of an economy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

caucus

A

a meeting of all elected members of a political party

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Charter of Rights and Freedoms

A

a Canadian government document that lists the rights and freedoms of Canadian citizens

The Charter addresses free speech, freedom of the press, legal rights, language rights, mobility rights, and much more.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

checks and balances

A

in the United States, the concept that one branch of government has the power to override decisions made by another branch of government

This process guarantees that one branch of government does not have more power than another branch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

classical liberalism

A

an ideology based on increased rights and freedoms for all individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

coalition government

A

a majority government created by two or more political parties uniting and voting the same way on a bill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

competition

A

when two or more companies sell similar products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

constituent

A

a person who lives in a region represented by a Member of Parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

consumer sovereignty

A

the concept that consumers determine what is produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cradle to grave

A

from the time a person is born until the person dies

Some governments care for their citizens from cradle to grave.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

a government document of the United States, dated 1776, that sets out the rights and freedoms of American citizens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

direct democracy

A

a type of democracy in which all individuals have the right to vote or express opinions on issues

Direct democracies work best in very small communities where most people have the same beliefs and values.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

dissent

A

to oppose or disagree with something or someone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

economic collectivism

A

an economic theory based on the idea that a country’s resources should be government-owned and divided equally among the people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

economic individualism

A

an economic theory based on the idea that each person in society is responsible for meeting her or his own needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

entrepreneur

A

a person willing to risk and invest money to run a business or sell a product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Executive Branch

A

a branch of government usually responsible for introducing laws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

federal system

A

a system of government in which there is a federal government

The federal government acts as the most important level of government, sometimes overseeing the provincial or state level of government.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

feudal system

A

a system in which farm land is owned by a lord and rented to peasants in exchange for labour and a portion of the crop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

first past the post

A

the party that receives the largest number of seats in a general election

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

free market economy

A

an economic system based on complete private enterprise and very little government intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Great Law of Peace

A

the oral constitution of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy

Some historians believe the American Constitution is based on the Great Law of Peace.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

impeach

A

to bring an official to trial for misconduct

A president of the United States can be brought to trial, and even removed from office, if she or he does something that is considered to be an unacceptable action by a president.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

a time of change that began in Great Britain in approximately 1750

This period was marked by a great transformation in the way goods were made.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

intervention

A

the act of getting involved in another person’s affairs

In a market economy, government will intervene when there are unfair business practices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

invisible hand

A

a term created by Adam Smith used to describe how the pursuit of profits guides entrepreneurs to determine what consumers want

30
Q

Judicial Branch

A

a branch of government responsible for interpreting laws

The Judicial Branch of government is completely independent of the Executive and Legislative Branches of government.

31
Q

labour union

A

an organization of workers who join together to improve working conditions, salaries, and rules about hiring, firing, and employment benefits

32
Q

laissez-faire capitalism

A

a system in which economic decisions are made by entrepreneurs and investors with little or no government intervention

33
Q

laissez-faire economics

A

an economic system based on the principle that the government does not intervene in business

34
Q

Legislative Branch

A

a branch of government usually responsible for voting on bills

35
Q

liberal democracy

A

a government that is elected by the people and is expected to follow the will of the people while respecting the rights and freedoms of minorities

Most democracies are liberal democracies.

36
Q

Luddites

A

a group of workers in England who, from 1811–1816, organized themselves to destroy machinery because they believed the machinery created unemployment

37
Q

majority government

A

the political party that obtains at least 50 percent + 1 seats in a general election

38
Q

media

A

all the forms of communication used to transmit information to people

Media includes television programs or commercials, radio, newspaper, the Internet, or any other form of providing information to the public.

39
Q

Member of Parliament

A

a person elected to represent people from a particular region

40
Q

mercantilism

A

an economic system based on the beliefs that a country should export more goods than it imports

Entrepreneurs benefit from exporting goods to new markets.

41
Q

minority government

A

the political party that wins the most seats, but less than 50 percent + 1, in a general election

42
Q

minority rights

A

government’s consideration of the needs of individuals with different thoughts and beliefs than the majority

Democratic governments must consider the needs of all individuals in society, not just the needs of the majority of people.

43
Q

mixed economy

A

an economic system in which there is a combination of private and public enterprise

44
Q

monopoly

A

occurs when a product or service is only sold by one company

45
Q

needs

A

products essential to the well-being of an individual

46
Q

party line

A

the understanding that all members of a political party will vote the same way in the House of Commons

In Canada, MPs who do not follow the party line can be removed from their political party.

47
Q

plebiscite

A

a direct vote by citizens on an issue; government is not required to act on the result of a plebiscite

Unlike a referendum, the government can use a plebiscite to gather opinions; the government does not need to adopt the opinion of voters.

48
Q

political platform

A

the aims, goals, and values of a political party or individual politician at a given time

49
Q

political spectrum

A

a continuum that allows governments to be compared to other governments

The amount of government control a government exercises on its people determines where the government is on the political spectrum.

Political systems on the left side of the spectrum typically have more government control. Political systems on the right side of the spectrum typically have less government control.

50
Q

primaries

A

the process of selecting a presidential candidate from each political party

51
Q

private enterprise

A

a system in a market economy in which individuals control businesses and entrepreneurs determine what products will be sold

52
Q

profit motive

A

the desire of business owners to make money

53
Q

progressive taxation

A

a system of taxation in which the more money a person makes, the more tax that person pays

54
Q

proportional representation

A

a system of government in which seats in parliament are distributed according to the percent of votes each party obtains during an election

55
Q

public enterprise

A

a system in which an economy is controlled by the government, which also decides what will be sold

56
Q

referendum

A

a direct vote by citizens on an issue; government must act on the result of a referendum

57
Q

representative democracy

A

a type of democracy in which voters elect people to represent them in government

58
Q

resources

A

materials or people needed to make a product

59
Q

rule of law

A

the idea that all individuals are equal before the law; laws, not individuals, rule the land

60
Q

scarcity

A

occurs when there is not enough of a product to meet the demand for the product

61
Q

Senate

A

a group of individuals appointed to consider and influence government decisions and policies

62
Q

social contract

A

a written or oral contract that says individuals agree to follow established laws

63
Q

socialist

A

a person who believes in equal ownership of all land and means of production

64
Q

subsidy

A

money granted by the government to keep the price of goods competitive

65
Q

suffragette

A

a person who supported women’s voting rights

66
Q

supply and demand

A

the balance between items produced and items purchased

67
Q

taxes

A

money people pay to the government

The government uses money from taxes to fund social programs for all Canadians.

68
Q

textile industry

A

industries primarily concerned with the design or manufacture of cloth

69
Q

tyranny of the majority

A

occurs when an elected government makes decisions without considering the needs of the minority

70
Q

veto

A

the right to cancel another person or group’s decision to act

In the United States, the president can veto a bill passed in Congress.

71
Q

wants

A

products desired by consumers that are not a necessity of life

72
Q

welfare state

A

an economic system that places great importance on the health and security of its citizens

Social 30-2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions