Module 2 Flashcards
Atomic Number
Number at the top, indicating number of protons
Element Symbol
One or two letter abbreviation
Atomic Mass
Average mass of atoms, found below the symbol, usually in decimal form
rows and groups
Rows are horizontal, Groups are vertical
Alkali Metals
left row of elements (except hydrogen)
Alkaline earth metals
second left row of elements
Halogens
next to noble gases
SPDF block
S block: left tall (and helium)
P block: right chunky
D block: middle skinny
F block: bottom
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons
How to find neutrons from isotope
Subtract mass number from atomic number
Gases, Liquids, and Solids
Gases: Hydrogen, nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, and Noble Gases
Liquids: Bromine and Mercury
Solids: All other elements
Cation
Positively charged ion
Anion
Negatively charged ion
Elements in the same __________ are the most similar
Group
How to find the least similar elements
Find those which are farthest away, or the opposite of what the element is (metal vs. nonmetal)
Nucleus of an atom contains
Neutrons and protons
Proton, Neuton, and electron mass
Proton & Neutron: 1 amu
Electron: 0.0005 amu
Compound is always ___________
Ionic or Molecular
Ionic Compound vs. Molecular Compoun
Ionic: Contains a metal and a nonmetal
Molecular: Contains only nonmetals
Base
Has an OH group in the formula
Acid
Starts with an H
When naming traisition metals, you must
Indicate charge (use roman numbers)
When naming anions
Change ending to -ide
For naming binary covalent compounds
1st Atom: name aton, if 2 or more, use prefix
