Module 2

Question 1

refers to a severe, chronic disability of a child five years of age or older

Answer 1

-Developmental disability

Question 2

refers to reduced function or loss of a specific part of the body or organ. A person may have disabilities such as blindness or low vision, deafness or hard of hearing condition, mental retardation, learning disabilities, communication disorders, emotional and behavioral disorders, physical and health impairments and severe disabilities.

Answer 2

-Impairment or Disability

Question 3

These disabilities or impairments limit or restrict the normal functions of a particular organ of the body. In the case of the hearing do not function normally and restrict the person’s seeing and hearing

Answer 3

-Impairment or Disability

Question 4

is impaired in communication disorders and causes the person to have voice problems, improper rhythm and timing in speech and even stuttering.

Answer 4

• The speech mechanism

Question 5

are impaired in cases of physical and health impairments and severe disabilities. The results are crippling conditions, cerebral palsy and other physical disabilities, Impairment and disability are used interchangeably.

Answer 5

-The skeletal and nervous systems

Question 6

Some Common Disorders/Disabilities

Answer 6

-Global Development delay
-Mental Retardation
-down syndrome
-autism
-Specific Learning Disability (SLD)
-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
-conduct disorder
-Oppositional Defiant Disorder
-traumatic brain injury
-Cerebral Palsy
-Tourette syndrome
-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
-hearing impairment
-Visual Impairments
-Deaf-blindness
-Communication Disorder
-Multiple Disabilities
-Orthopaedic Impairments
-Serious Emotional Disturbance (SED)

Question 7

• implies that the child has delays in all areas of development.

Answer 7

-Global Developmental Delay

Question 8

– characterized by severe delayed development in the acquisition of cognitive, language, motor, or social skills.

Answer 8

-Mental Retardation

Question 9

– is a form of mental retardation resulting from a genetic abnormality – an extra twenty-first chromosome. Children with this condition have forty-seven, instead of the normal forty-six chromosomes.

Answer 9

-Down syndrome

Question 10

– is a very serious lifelong developmental disorder characterized by severe impairment in the development of verbal and nonverbal communication skills, marked impairment in reciprocal social interaction (a lack of responsiveness to or interest in people), and almost non-existent imaginative activity. Also known as infantile autism or Kanner’s syndrome.

Answer 10

-Autism

Question 11

– a severe learning problem due to a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in acquiring, organizing, or expressing information that manifests itself in school as an impaired ability to listen, reason, speak, read, write, spell or do curriculum.

Answer 11

-Specific Learning Disability (SLD)

Question 12

– with a persistent pattern of problems in the areas of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that is more frequent and severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development and also significantly inappropriate for their age levels.

Answer 12

-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Question 13

– characterized by a persistent pattern of behavior that intrudes and violates the basic rights of others without concern or fear of implications.

Answer 13

-Conduct Disorder

Question 14

– characterized by patterns of negativistic, hostile and defiant behaviors with peers as well as adults, and with argumentative behaviors towards adults. It is considered less serious than conduct disorder because of the absence of serious behaviors that violate the basic rights of others.an insult to the brain, not a degenerative or

Answer 14

-Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Question 15

• congenital nature but caused by an external physical force, that may produce a diminished or altered state of consciousness, which results in impairment of cognitive abilities or physical functioning.

Answer 15

-Traumatic Brain Injury

Question 16

It can also result in the disturbance of behavioral or emotional functioning. These impairments may be either- temporary or permanent.

Answer 16

-Traumatic Brain Injury

Question 17

– a term used to describe a group of chronic conditions affecting body movements and muscle coordination.

Answer 17

-Cerebral Palsy

Question 18

– an inherited neurological disorder that develops in childhood characterized by tics - involuntary, rapid, sudden, repetitive muscle movements or vocalizations and often accompanied by other disorder (e.g., ADHD and OCD), lack of impulse control and other behavioural problems.

Answer 18

-Tourette syndrome

Question 19

• the main characteristics associated with this disorder are persistent obsessions (persistent thoughts, impulses or images) or compulsions (repetitive and intentional acts) that significantly interfere with the individual’s normal daily social, educational, occupational, or environmental routines.

Answer 19

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD

Question 20

• also referred to as “hard of hearing” or “deaf.”

Answer 20

-Hearing Impairment

Question 21

• a loss of vision that, even when corrected, affects educational performance. It may be mild to moderate to severe in nature. Learners who are blind are unable to read print and usually learn to read and write using Braille.

Answer 21

-Visual Impairments

Question 22

have limited strengths, vitality, or alertness because of chronic or acute health problems. Conditions that fall into this category include heart conditions, asthma, Tourette syndrome, ADHD, diabetes and so on.

Answer 22

-Other Health Impairments

Question 23

Others health impairments

Answer 23

-handucap
-at risk

Question 24

refers to a problem a person with a disability or impairment encounters when interacting with people, events and the physical aspects of the environment. For example, a child with low vision or blindness cannot read the regular print of textbooks.

Answer 24

-Handicap

Question 25

refers to children who have greater chances than other children to develop a disability.

Answer 25

-At risk

Question 26

Categories of Children at Risk

Answer 26

-Children with established risk
-Children with biological risk
-Environmental risk

Question 27

Categories of Children at Risk

Answer 27

-Children with established risk
-Children with biological risk
-Environmental risk

Question 28

refers to substantial limitations in present functioning.

Answer 28

-Mental retardation

Question 29

It is characterized by significantly sub-average intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with related limitations in two or more of the following applicable adaptive skill areas: communication, self-care, home living, social skills, community use, self-direction, health and safety, functional academics, leisure and work.

Answer 29

-Mental retardation

Question 30

manifests before age 18 (American Association of Mental Retardation, 1992).

Answer 30

-Mental retardation

Question 31

refers to high performance in intellectual, creative or artistic areas, unusual leadership capacity, and excellence in specific academic field (US Government).

Answer 31

-Giftedness and talent

Question 32

refers to the traits of above-average general abilities, high level task commitment, and creativity (Renzulli, 1978).

Answer 32

-Giftedness

Question 33

emphasizes talent as the primary defining characteristic (Feldhusen, 1992).

Answer 33

-Giftedness

Question 34

shows in superior memory, observational powers, curiosity, creativity, and ability to learn (Piirto, 1994).

Answer 34

-Giftedness

Question 35

means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell or to do mathematical calculations.

Answer 35

-Specific learning disability

Question 36

exist when the impact that a communication pattern has on a person’s life meets any one of the following criteria(Emerick and Haynes, 1986).:

Answer 36

-Speech and language disorders or communication disorders

Question 37

is a generic term that includes hearing disabilities ranging from mild to profound, thus encompassing children who are deaf and those who are hard of hearing.

Answer 37

-Hearing impairment

Question 38

display a wide range of visual dis abilities - from total blindness to relatively good residual (remaining) vision.

Answer 38

-Students with visual impairment

Question 39

There is a visual restriction of sufficient severity that it interferes with normal progress in a regular educational program without modifications (Scholl, 1986, cited in Heward, 2003).

Answer 39

-Students with visual impairment

Question 40

may be orthopedic impairments that involve the skeletal system - the bones, joints, limbs, and associated muscles. Or, they may be neurological impairments that involve the nervous system affecting the ability to move, use, feel, or control certain parts of the body.

Answer 40

-Physical impairments

Question 41

include chronic illnesses, that is, they are present over long periods and tend not to get better or disappear.

Answer 41

-Health impairments

Question 42

generally encompass individuals with severe and profound disabilities in intellectual, physical and social functioning.

Answer 42

-severe disabilities

Question 43

frowns on labeling these children as mentally retarded, learning disabled, emotionally disturbed, socially maladapted, blind, deaf or physically disabled. Use of disability labels calls attention to the disability itself and overlooks the more important and positive characteristics of the person. These negative labels cause the “spread phenomenon to permeate the mind of the able-bodied persons.

Answer 43

-The first point of view

Question 44

is that it is necessary to use workable disability category labels in order to describe the exceptional learning needs for a systematic provision of special education services.

Answer 44

-The second and less popular point of view

Question 45

are children who have a disability or a combination of disabilities that makes learning or other activities difficult.

Answer 45

-Children with special needs

Question 46

is a very broad term and every situation is unique.

Answer 46

-Special needs

Question 47

children include those who have: Mental Retardation, which causes them to develop more slowly than other children.

Answer 47

-Special-needs

Question 48

, such as a problem expressing themselves or understanding others.

Answer 48

-Speech and Language Impairment

Question 49

, such as vision problem, cerebral palsy, or other conditions.

Answer 49

-Physical Disability

Question 50

, which distort messages from their senses. Emotional Disabilities, such as antisocial or other behavioral problems.

Answer 50

-Learning Disabilities

Question 51

is a legislatively governed enterprise, now a major part of the DepEd’s basic education programs. An intervention designed to prevent, minimize if not eliminate, or remedy children with special needs.

Answer 51

-Special education