Module 2 Flashcards
Who proposed The Novice to Expert Theory and what is it named?
Hubert and Stuart Dreyfus
Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition
According to both Dreyfus and Dreyfus and Benner, how many years to move through the five stages from novice to expert?
5 years
Not all novices become experts. True or False?
True
is a trait shown by people who use a personal, goal-oriented approach to skill and knowledge development – they devote themselves to engage in progressively higher, and ultimately expert performance.
Deliberate Practice
Its is a trait - This continuous climb to the expert level is not without perceived ̳risks‘ – it requires people to move beyond the status quo of mere competence through the levels of Proficiency, then Expertise. This is a quality often seen in Super Users and Champions within the nursing informatics arena.
Taking Risks
A _____ does not know anything about the subject he/she is approaching and has to memorize its context-free features
Novice
At this stage, the ________ person grasps all the relevant rules and facts of the field and is, for the first time, able to bring his/her own judgment to each case.
competent
An ____________ is still dependent on rules, but as s/he gains more experience with real-life situations, s/he begins to notice additional aspects that can be applied to related conditions.
Advanced Beginner
The _______ is then given rules for determining an action on the basis of these features. To improve, this needs monitoring, either by self-observation or instructional feedback.
Novice
is characterized by the progress of the learner from the step-by-step analysis and solving of the situation to the holistic perception of the entirety of the situation.
Proficient
This is the stage of learning that is often characterized by the term ―problem-solving.
Competent
An _________repertoire of experienced situations is so vast that normally each specific situation immediately dictates an intuitively appropriate action.
expert
This level would know how to interpret data from all departmental information and provide guidance to other disciplinary members as needed.
Proficient
After a great deal of experience actually using a system in everyday situations, the _______ nurse discovers that without his consciously using any rules, situations simply elicit from him or her appropriate responses.
Expert
The ________ not only knows what needs to be achieved, thanks to the well-refined ability to exercise situational discrimination, s/he knows how to achieve his or her goal.
expert
This model describes how the data can be processed and transformed into information, knowledge, and wisdom.
The DIKW Model
What does DIKW mean?
“D” = Data
“I” = Information
“K” = Knowledge
“W” = Wisdom
The DIKW model of transforming data into wisdom can be viewed from two different concepts, which are?
Contextual and understanding
is the main requirement for coming up with a meaningful result in the end.
Collection of raw data
can be termed as the data that has been given a meaning by defining relational connections.
Information
During the information part, the analysis is carried out to find the answer to?
Who, What, When and Where
this means the appropriate collection of information that can make it be useful.
Knowledge
The knowledge step tries to find the answer to the?
“How” question
It is a process to get the final result by calculating through extrapolation of knowledge.
Wisdom
is the process by which you can take a decision between the right and wrong, good and bad, or any improvement decisions.
Wisdom
Wisdom is the topmost level in the DIKW pyramid and answers the questions related to?
“why”
refers to the physical parts of the computer. It allows the user to enter data into the computer, performs the actions of the computer’s processing, and produces the computer output.
Hardware
What is the essential components of computer hardware?
central processing units (CPUs)
The _____ is in the box that comprises the computer hardware necessary to process and store data.
CPU
The power supply, disk drives, chips, and connections for all other computer hardware are also known as?
Peripherals
are individual processing units within the computer’s central processing unit (CPU). This receives instructions from a single computing task, working with the clock speed to quickly process this information and temporarily store it in the Random Access Memory (RAM).
processor core
this determines how quickly the central processing unit (CPU) can retrieve and interpret instructions. This helps your computer complete more tasks by getting them done faster.
Processor Clock Speed
Clock speeds are measured in?
gigahertz (GHz)
Based on Sirois (2018) on a review for HP Computers, what is the reasonable fast CPU based on average usage
between 3.5 to 4.0 GHz.
are the instructions being given to the hardware to perform certain tasks.
Software
this type of software allows users and programmers to edit, modify or reuse the software’s source code. This gives developers the opportunity to improve program functionality by modifying it.
Free and open-source software (FOSS)
indicates that the software does not have constraints on copyrights
free
indicates the software is in its project form, enabling easy software development from expert developers collaborating worldwide without any need for reverse engineering.
open source
This helps the user, hardware , and application software to interact and function together.
System Softwares
When you first power up your computer,what is initially loaded into memory?
system software
most popularly known as “apps” are what users regualrly engage with the most of the time. These types of computer software are productive end-user programs that help you perform tasks.
Application Software
is the process of scientifically and statistically evaluating data in order to determine whether they meet the quality required for projects or business processes and are of the right type and quantity to be able to actually support their intended use.
Data quality assessment (DQA)
is usually performed to fix subjective issues related to business processes, such as the generation of accurate reports, and to ensure that data-driven and data-dependent processes are working as expected.
Data quality assessment (DQA)
often accessible via a mobile device, that search, sort, mine, correlate or otherwise filter information for a person based on their preferences, transaction logs, location, social networks and other personal data.
Information Services
an emerging sub-discipline of education and informatics that “incorporate[s] new technologies and learning strategies to enhance the capture, organization, and utilization of information within the field of education.”
Educational Informatics
Health informatics professionals use their knowledge of healthcare, information systems, databases and information technology security to gather, store, interpret and manage the massive amount of data generated when care is provided to patients
Professional Informatics
