Module 2 Flashcards
Which of the following is true regarding the variables in ways we think about what constitutes a child?
There are differing opinions based on the time of gestation and the change in status from embryo to fetus to birth
Which of the following underlying philosophical rationales relies most on the transition point of viability?
possibility of independence as an identifying feature of a person
Which of the following transition points is key for the underlying philosophical rationale that the beginning of life is sometimes dated from the initiation of the functioning of the heart or the brain in an attempt to make the criterion of the beginning of life parallel to the operational criterion of death?
organ function
Which of the following is true regarding the unrestricted use of new technologies and the most compelling reason for prudent and ethical assessment of its consequences?
Many well-meaning technologies have inadvertently produced unforeseen harm
A married couple is considering using alternative reproductive technology. They are discussing the potential outcomes and where they stand ethically. Which of the following should they ultimately ground their ethical position on?
What will benefit the various individuals involved as well as the common good
Although infertility is not classifiable as a disease and is never life-threatening, which of the following is true regarding its consequences?
Infertility can cause intense suffering and be a dysfunction of normal life
True or False? In most cases, an egg or sperm donor contracts to include future interactions with a potential offspring.
False
True or False? Many of the early steps in the reproductive process can be carried out in the laboratory through procedures such as in vitro fertilization, therefore, decisions at each stage whether to move forward to the next stage need to be made. One example of a stage that requires a decision is reviewing the test results for genetic anomalies of a pre-embryo
True
An advanced 3T MRI machine is an example of which of the following?
medical technology
A patient participant in a research study wishes to drop out of the study but is reluctant to do so because they feel intimidated by the researcher. Which element of ethical medical research on human subjects is compromised?
voluntariness
Why was the choice of subjects for the Willowbrook study unethical?
The subjects were all adolescent minors who had mental disabilities and were not competent to give informed consent
Which action by researchers using human subjects demonstrates a commitment to ethical research practices?
Having a neutral third-party review board evaluate the research study, the subjects, and the methodologies of the study
A government passes legislation banning further research related to a controversial new technology. Which ethical principle is most at risk due to the government’s actions?
freedom of intellectual efforts
Which ethical principle most closely deals with considering the rights of future generations who will be affected by the ethical research decisions made by the present generation?
responsible stewardship
A team of researchers recognizes that the line of scientific inquiry they are pursuing has the potential for both public benefits and the risk of harm to the public. What decision will the team make if they are guided by the principle of public beneficence?
Seek to maximize public benefits while minimizing the risk of public harm
