Module 2 Flashcards
Choice theory argument for the defendant
If the defendant can prove that their right of choice was not there at the time of the crime, their punishment is not as harsh
Classical criminology and punishment
If the punishment is hard enough, people would be two scared to commit the crime in the first place
Cessare Beceria’s book was called…
Essays on crime and punishments
Becceria’s 3 truths of law
The decision to commit a crime is a result of rational choice; fear of punishment can have an effect on the choice to commit a crime; the more swift a punishment is, the more effective it will be in controlling crime
Thrill offenders def.
People who only commit crimes just to get the rush after successfully committing it
MAOA Gene and crime
A lack of MAOA gene exhibits increased risk of crime but only if the person was abused as a child
What is CDH13?
A mutated version of MAOA that is very common in violent criminals
Testosterone and crime
Increased testosterone has been linked to higher levels of aggression
What is id according to Freud
I’d takes over when all other systems fail, can cause irrational behavior and may cause people to commit crimes
Superego def. (Freud)
The conscience that learns the expectations of friends and family
Ego def. (Freud)
Common sense
Trait theory
Antisocial and violent behavior should be treated before it gets worse
Two cities with abnormally high crime rates
Baltimore and Chicago
Disorganization def.
A breakdown of traditional institutions of social control
Factors that may lead to crimes in certain neighborhoods
Lots of highschool dropouts; chronic unemployment; lots of single parent families; deteriorating infrastructures
Stages of crime in neighborhoods
Poverty; social disorganization; breakdown of social controls; criminal areas; cultural transmission; criminal careers
General strain theory
Out of all strained individuals, very few of them turn to crime to alleviate their stress
Negative emotionality traits
Easily frustrated; quick to lose their temper; disposed to blame others for their own problems
Social structure theory
If crime is inspired by someone’s surroundings, if there is a positive change to those surroundings, that could prevent crime
Social conflict theory core belief
Capitalism is responsible for high levels of violence and crime because of income disparities
Interdependence of decisions experiment description
2imbardo leaves an intact car on the Stanford parking lot, nothing happens to the car. But when he leaves it a second time with a window smashed open and within minutes someone else comes to cause more damage to the car
The three branches of social process theory
Learning theory; control theory; labeling theory
Self control theory
Criminal behavior is linked to no self control
Continuity theory
Once a behavior has been established it can’t be changed
