Module 2 Flashcards
selectively permeable barrier.
Plasma Membrane
Intracellular fluid packed with organelles.
Cytoplasm
Organelle that controls cellular activities.
Nucleus
Includes interstitial fluids, blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
ECF (extracellular fluid)
Substances that aid in digestion (gastric fluids) or act as lubricants (saliva).
Cellular Secretion
Most abundant material, jellylike substance
composed of proteins and polysaccharides.
Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
Forms the fabric of the membrane (phospholipid + cholesterol).
Membrane Lipids
Allows the membrane to communicate with its environment, responsible for specialized membrane function.
Membrane Proteins
Includes glycoproteins and glycolipids.
Glycocalyx (carbohydrate rich area) provides identity molecules for specific
biologicals markers.
Membrane Carbohydrates
Allow neighboring cells to adhere and to communicate, inhibit or aid in allowing movement of molecules between cells.
Cell Junction
Encloses the cell, separating the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid.
Physical Barrier
Determines which substances enters or exit the cell.
Selective Permeability
Plasma membrane proteins interact with specific chemical messengers and relay messages to the cell interior.
Communication
Cell surface carbohydrates allow cells to
recognize each other.
Cell Recognition
Diffuse directly through the lipid
bilayer (usually small nonpolar molecules that readily dissolve in lipids).
Simple Diffusion
Either through a) binding to
carrier proteins or 2) through water filled channel proteins.
Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion of a solvent through a
membrane.
Osmosis
Refers to the ability of a solution to change the shape of cells by altering the cells; internal water volume.
Tonicity
Have the same concentrations of nonpenetrating solutes as those
found in the cells, retain shape, exhibit no net loss or gain of water.
Istonic
Higher concentration of nonpenetrating solutes than seen in the
cell, lose water, shrivel or crenate.
Hypertonic
