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S2 Chemistry > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a fuel?

A

A fuel is a substance which burns to produce energy

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2
Q

What is another word for burning

A

Combustion

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3
Q

When a substance burns what does it react with?

A

Oxygen

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4
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

A

It relights a glowing splint

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5
Q

When carbon and oxygen react, what do they produce?

A

Carbon Dioxide

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6
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

It turns limewater milky

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7
Q

When is carbon monoxide produced?

A

Carbon monoxide is produced when carbon burns in an insufficient supply of oxygen, otherwise know as incomplete combustion

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8
Q

What is carbon monoxide?

A

A toxic gas

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9
Q

When hydrogen reacts with oxygen what is its only product?

A

Water (H2O)

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10
Q

What is the test for hydrogen?

A

It burns with a squeaky pop

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11
Q

Why is hydrogen being hailed as the fuel of the future?

A

It’s only byproduct is water

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12
Q

Coal, oil and gas are all what?

A

Fossil fuels

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13
Q

How was coal formed?

A

Coal was formed millions of years ago by the remains of dead plant life, this was caused by a high temperature and very high pressure

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14
Q

How was oil and gas formed?

A

Oil and gas were formed from the remains of dead sea life, over millions of years sediment built up under high temperature and high pressure

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15
Q

Oil and gas burn to produce what?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

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16
Q

What do crude oil and natural gas mainly consist of?

A

Hydrocarbons

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17
Q

What elements do hydrocarbons contain?

A

Hydrocarbons contain only the elements hydrogen and carbon

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18
Q

Crude oil is a mixture of what?

A

Hydrocarbons

19
Q

What is fractional distillation?

A

Fractional distillation is the process used to seperate substances with different boiling points

20
Q

What does fractional distillation separate crude oil into?

A

Fractions

21
Q

What is a fraction?

A

A group of hydrocarbons with boiling points within a specific range

22
Q

What do fractions have?

A

Names and specific uses

23
Q

As well as boiling points what do fractions differ with each other?

A

Viscosity and flammability

24
Q

The properties of fractions relate to what?

A

The properties of fractions are related to the size of the molecules in the fraction

25
Q

What are two pollution problems associated with burning fossil fuels?

A

Global warming and acid rain

26
Q

What does the carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels contribute to?

A

Global warming

27
Q

What causes acid rain?

A

Acid rain is causes when gasses such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide dissolve in water in the atmosphere

28
Q

What does acid rain affect?

A

Acid rain kills fish in rivers, erodes buildings and destroys plant life

29
Q

When is sulfur dioxide produced?

A

Sulfur dioxide is produced when some fossil fuels are burned

30
Q

When is nitrogen dioxide made?

A

Nitrogen dioxide is made by sparking of air in a petrol car engine

31
Q

What are some ways that pollution from burning fossil fuels can be reduced?

A

Lean burn engines, install a catalytic converter and use low sulfur petrol

32
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water, using light energy in the presence of chlorophyll

33
Q

Why are carbohydrates important for animals?

A

They provide energy

34
Q

What do carbohydrates release?

A

Energy, producing carbon dioxide and water when burned

35
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon Dioxide + Water ➡️ Glucose + Oxygen

36
Q

What is the word equation for respiration?

A

Glucose + Oxygen ➡️ Water + Carbon Dioxide

37
Q

What is the word equation for burning carbohydrates?

A

Glucose + Oxygen ➡️ Water and Carbon Dioxide

38
Q

What elements are present in carbohydrates?

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

39
Q

Alcoholic drinks can be made from any fruit or vegetable which is a source of?

A

Sugar or starch

40
Q

What is the catalyst for the production of alcoholic drinks?

A

And enzyme in yeast which is the catalyst for this reaction

41
Q

How do alcoholic drink vary?

A

They vary based in the plant source of the carbohydrate

42
Q

What is the work equation for the production of alcohol from carbohydrates?

A

Yeast/ warm or no air
Glucose ➡️ Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide

43
Q

What is distillation used for?

A

Distillation is used to increase the alcohol concentration of the products of fermentation

S2 Chemistry (3 decks)

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