Module 2 Flashcards
is a person, or sometimes even an animal, who takes part in the action of a short story or other literary work.
Character
the time and place in which it happens. Authors often use descriptions
of landscape, scenery, buildings, seasons or weather to provide a strong sense of setting.
Setting
a series of events and character actions that relate to the central conflict.
Plot
struggle between two people or things in a short story. The main character is usually
on one side of the central conflict.
Conflict
central idea or belief in a short story.
Theme
- contains the exposition and establishes the story’s conflict.
– contains the rising action and the story’s climax.
– contains the falling action and resolution.
Beginning
Middle
Conclusion
a plot introduces the story’s setting, mood, the main character, supporting
characters, and time. Character development happens during this part of the story.
Exposition
the problem, crisis, challenge, dilemma, or obstacle presented to the main
character.
Conflict
sequence of solutions to the conflict that the main character tries; it is all
the events leading to the turning point of the story. It can be identified by increasing tension, emotion,
difficulty, or challenge.
Rising Action
the peak of excitement, the moment when the story changes (a
turning point), the main character, and the problem is resolved.
Climax
the plot points wrapping up, the consequences of the climax, and
reflection on the changes in the main character. It can be identified by decreasing tension, an
approaching resolution, and relaxation of emotion.
Falling Action
Theresolutionis the plot’s end, whether that resolution is a happy ending or sad ending, fun or
frightening, satisfying or unsatisfying. The resolution might tie up loose ends or leave important
elements of the story unresolved.
Resolution of the Story
It is any poem with one speaker (not necessarily the poet) who expresses
strong thoughts and feelings.
Lyric Poetry
It is a poem that tells a story; its structure resembles the plot line of a
story (i.e. the introduction of conflict and characters, rising action, climax and the
denouement).
Narrative Poem
It is a poem that describes the world that surrounds the speaker. It
uses elaborate imagery and adjectives. While emotional, it is more "outward-focused"
than lyric poetry, which is more personal and introspective.
Descriptive Poem
- weak syllable followed by strong syllable.
- strong syllable followed by a weak syllable.
- two weak syllables followed by a strong syllable.
- a strong syllable followed by two weak syllables.
- two strong syllables (not common as lines, but appears as a foot).
Iambic
Trochaic
Anapestic
Dactylic
Spondaic
Many metered poems in English avoid perfectly regular rhythm because it is
monotonous.
Irregularity
Any poetry that does have a set metrical pattern (usually iambic pentameter), but
does not have rhyme
Blank Verse
Most modern poetry no longer follows strict rules of meter or rhyme, especially
throughout an entire poem.
Free Verse
the repetition of initial sounds on the same line or stanza
Alliteration
the repetition of vowel sounds
Assonance
the repetition of consonant sounds
Consonance
words that sound like that which they describe
Onomatopoeia
the repetition of entire lines or phrases to emphasize key thematic ideas.
Repetition
a form of repetition where the order of verbs and nouns is repeated; it may
involve exact words, but it more importantly repeats sentence structure
Parallel Structure
essential to a good plot; nothing irrelevant; good arrangement.
Artistic Unity
a good plot should not have any unjustified or unexpected turns or twists; no
false leads; no deliberate and misleading information.
Plot Manipulation
author tells us straight out, by exposition or analysis, or through another
character.
Direct Presentation
author shows us the character in action; the reader infers what a
character is like from what she/he thinks, or says, or does. These are also called dramatized
characters and they are generally consistent (in behaviour), motivated (convincing), and plausible
(lifelike).
Indirect Presentation
a story told by the author, using the third person; her/his knowledge, control, and
prerogatives are unlimited; authorial subjectivity.
Omniscient
a story in which the author associates with a major or minor character; this
character serves as the author’s spokesperson or mouthpiece.
Limited Omniscient
the author identifies with or disappears in a major or minor character;
First Person
the opposite of the omniscient; displays authorial objectivity; compared a
roving sound camera. Very little of the past or the future is given; the story is set in the present.
Objective or Dramatic
it means more than what it is. It has layers of meanings.
Symbol
the opposite is said from what is intended.
Verbal Irony
the contrast between what a character says and what the reader knows to
true.
Dramatic Irony
discrepancy between appearance and reality, or between expectation and
fulfillment, or between what is and what would seem appropriate.
Irony of Situation
