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ASI 102 > Module 2 > Flashcards

Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Nutrition is directly related to genetic propensity

A

True

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2
Q

Nutrition is one of the most easily manipulated environmental effects

A

True

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3
Q

Nutrition is usually the largest cost of animal ownership

A

True

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4
Q

what are the 6 classes of nutrience?

A

water, carbs, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins

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5
Q

Animals needs 3-4 times as much water as solids

A

True

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6
Q

What to carbohydrates do?

A

Supply energy

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7
Q

What are soluble carbohydrates?

A

Simple molecules with alpha linkage

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8
Q

what are insoluble carbohydrates? ,

A

Complex molecules with beta linkage

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9
Q

What does fat do?

A

Supply energy

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10
Q

why do we need minerals?

A

To provide structure and balance in our bodies

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11
Q

What are macro and micro minerals?

A

Macrominerals are needed in large amounts, Microminerals are needed in very small amounts

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12
Q

How to we use vitamins?

A

As catalysts and regulators

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13
Q

What are the 5 classes of feed?

A

Concentrate, Roughage/forage, protein supplement, non-nutritional additives, Vitamins and minerals

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14
Q

what are concentrate feeds?

A

High in carbs and low in fiber. (corn, wheat, oats)

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15
Q

What are roughage/forage feeds?

A

lots of variation, high fiber, low carbs. (Hay, grass, straw)

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16
Q

What are protein supplement feeds?

A

food contains more than 20% crude protein. (bone meal, fish meal, soybean meal)

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17
Q

What are non-nutritive additive feeds?

A

additives that contribute to growth and feed efficiency (antibiotics)

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18
Q

What affects digestibility?

A

Balance of ration, combo of ingredients, rate of passage, feed intake, feed processing and prep

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19
Q

Absorption definition

A

Crossing the intestinal epithelium & entering the blood.

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20
Q

what are the steps of Feed utilization

A

Prehension(gathering), Mastication(chewing), Deglutition(swallowing), Digestion, absorption, circulation(transport of nutrients), metabolism (cells using nutrients), excretion

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21
Q

what does Monogastric mean?

A
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22
Q

What does ruminant Mean?

A
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23
Q

What is the Rumen?

A

Largest compartment in ruminant stomach that breaks down cellulose with symbiotic microorganisms

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24
Q

What are volatile fatty acids?

A

Main product of Carb fermentation in rumen

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25
Q

what does the omasum do

A

Move particles from reticulum to abomasum

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26
Q

what is the Abomasum

A

True stomach

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27
Q

what happens in the Reticulum

A

Fermentation of feed, Trapping of indigestible foreign materials

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28
Q

what does the Reticular groove do

A

Allows bypass of milk in young animals

29
Q

Rumination takes around 8 hours

A

True

30
Q

what are the steps of rumination

A

Regurgitation, mastication, salivation, deglutition

31
Q

what is Eructation

A

Remove gaseous products of microbial
fermentation from rumen

32
Q

What is bloat

A

trapped excess gas in rumen

33
Q

Animal welfare is less extreme than animal rights

A

True

34
Q

Most people want to know where their food comes from

A

True

35
Q

what are the two types of diseases

A

Infectious and non-infectious

36
Q

what is zoonosis?

A

Movement of pathogens from animals to humans

37
Q

What is the difference between morbidity and morality

A

Morbidity is the sickness rate and mortality is the death rate

38
Q

Antibody Definition

A

any protein in the blood generated in reaction to foreign antigens

39
Q

Antigen Definition

A

a substance that when introduced
into the body stimulates production of an
antibody

40
Q

what is an antibiotic

A

any substance that inhibits
growth or destroys micro-organisms

41
Q

What is active immunity

A

when an animal develops an antibody in response to an antigen(strong)

42
Q

what is passive immunity

A

when an animal ingests the antibodies(weak)

43
Q

Bacterins kill bacterial cultures

A

True

44
Q

What are vaccines?

A

Products containing a live antigen with the intent of being used to stimulate the production of antibodies against particular antigens before host can get the sickness organically.

45
Q

intramuscular definition

A

in the muscle

46
Q

How can you ensure quality when vaccinating?

A

Restrain, use best method, use best injection site, use proper technique, remove air from syringe, keep sanitary, Take care of products

47
Q

lowest to highest body temps

A

cow, cat, dog, pig, sheep, turkey, chicken

48
Q

What is behavior

A

Reaction or no reaction to stimuli

49
Q

we can select for any trait in any species

A

False

50
Q

Novelty is a stresor

A

True

51
Q

what is an inborn reaction

A

instinctive behavior

52
Q

Domestic species tend to be gregarious

A

True

53
Q

Sexual behavior is learned

A

True

54
Q

Some of the most dangerous animals are solitary prey animals

A

True

55
Q

What is a flight zone

A

the distance at which an animal will no longer tolerate your approach and flee

56
Q

What is the point of balance

A

The spot on an animal where their view of their flight zone ends

57
Q

Gizzard is similar to the stomach in chickens

A

True

58
Q

What does a crop in avians do?

A

Starts fermentation process of feed

59
Q

Pig and avian small intestines work similarly

A

True

60
Q

What is a cecum

A
61
Q

How many compartments does a cow have in its digestive system

A

4

62
Q

How many stomachs does a cow have?

A

1

63
Q

Why does cattle need more saliva

A

They can regurgitate on command

64
Q

Which has a smaller cecum? Mono gastric or ruminant

A

Ruminant

65
Q

What does bolus mean with cattle

A

A ball shape that is easy for cattle to chew and digest

66
Q

Ruminant salivary glands have lipase but not amylase

A

True

67
Q

What is Acidosis

A

Upset stomach, changes Ph

68
Q

Bloat shows first on

A

Left side

69
Q

Reticulum is also called

A

Honeycomb

ASI 102 (2 decks)

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