Module 2

Question 1

What are the 6 main types of bones? What do each involve?

Answer 1

Long bones - are longer and wider e.g. femur, humerous, ulna, fibia, tiblar, metacarpals, metatarsals.
Short bones- tend to be box shaped e.g. bones found in wrists ankles such as carpals.
Flat bones - broad surface, serve as places of attachement for muscles and to protect vital organs e.g. ribs,
scapular
Irregular bones - unusually shaped bones that do not fit into other categories e.g. vertebrae or mandiable.
Sesamoid - found around tendons e.g. patella
Structural - found between cranial bones

Question 2

What are the three broad categories of joints?

Answer 2

Immoveable or fibrous
Slightly moveable or cartilaginous joint
Freely movable or synovial join

Question 3

What is function of synovial joints?

Answer 3

Aid the efficiency of movement
Synovial membrae secretes synovial fluid into joint for lubrication to reduce friction. Joint capsule hold bones of synovial joint together.

Question 4

What are the types of synovial joints? What are each and examples?

Answer 4

Ball and socket - free, rotation - shoulder, hip
Pivot - rotation - atlas, proximal end of the radius and ulna.
Hinge - back and fourth - elbow, knee
Gliding - side to side, back and forth - joints between carpals and tarsals
Saddle - side to side, back and forth - joint between metacarpals and phalanges

Question 5

What is the skeleton six main functions?

Answer 5

Support - provides framework
Attachment - attachment surface for the muscles, tendons and ligaments.
Movement
Protection - protect many vital organs. e.g. skull protects brain.
Blood cell production - site of hematopoiesis, the generation of blood cells.
Stoage - bone serves as mineral storage deposit