Module 18 - Vision

Question 1

wavelength

Answer 1

the distance from the peak of one light

or sound wave to the peak of the next

Question 2

hue

Answer 2

the dimension of color that
is determined by the wavelength
of light

Question 3

intensity

Answer 3

the amount of energy
in a light or sound wave, which we
perceive as brightness or loudness,
as determined by the wave’s
amplitude.

Question 4

pupil

Answer 4

the adjustable opening in
the center of the eye through which
light enters.

Question 5

iris

Answer 5

the colored portion of the eye

Question 6

lens

Answer 6

the transparent structure
behind the pupil that changes shape
to help focus images on the retina.

Question 7

retina

Answer 7

the light-sensitive inner
surface of the eye, containing
the receptor rods and cones plus
layers of neurons that begin the
processing of visual information.

Question 8

accommodation

Answer 8

the process by
which the eye’s lens changes shape to
focus near or far objects on the retina.

Question 9

rods

Answer 9

retinal receptors that detect

black, white, and gray;

Question 10

cones

Answer 10

detect fine detail and

give rise to color sensations.

Question 11

optic nerve

Answer 11

the nerve that carries
neural impulses from the eye to the
brain

Question 12

blind spot

Answer 12

the point at which the
optic nerve leaves the eye, creating
a “blind” spot because no receptor
cells are located there

Question 13

fovea

Answer 13

the central focal point in
the retina, around which the eye’s
cones cluster.

Question 14

feature detectors

Answer 14

nerve cells in
the brain that respond to specific
features of the stimulus, such as
shape, angle, or movement.

Question 15

parallel processing

Answer 15

the
processing of many aspects of
a problem simultaneously;

Question 16

Young-Helmholtz trichromatic

(three-color) theory

Answer 16

the theory
that the retina contains three
different color receptors—one most
sensitive to red, one to green, one
to blue—which, when stimulated
in combination, can produce the
perception of any color.

Question 17

opponent-process theory

Answer 17

the theory that opposing retinal
processes (red-green, yellow-blue,
white-black) enable color vision.