Module 15 Flashcards
What are the 4 functions of the skin?
-Protection, sensation, temperature regulation and excretion and secretion
Common skin problems: dry skin
• Dry Skin- may become infected if allowed to crack
Common skin problems: acne
- infected material within pustule may spread
Common skin problems: skin rashes
Scratching my cause inflammation and possible infection
Common skin problems: contact dermatitis
Irritation of skin
Common skin problems: abrasion
infection may occur as loss of protective layer
What are the 5 signs of malignant melanoma?
- Asymmetry- edges (regular or not, symmetrical)
- Borders irregular
- Color – change, darker, unusual (normal mole is one color throughout)
- Diameter > 6 mm and growing
- Elevated
What are some risk factors for skin impairment?
o Immobilization o Reduced Sensation o Boney prominences o Nutrition & Hydration Alterations o Secretions and Excretions on the Skin o Vascular Insufficiency o External Devices o Medications
What is a stage 1 pressure ulcer?
intact skin with non blanchable redness
What is a stage 2 pressure ulcer?
Partial thickness skin loss, involving epidermis, dermis or both
What is a stage 3 pressure ulcer?
full thickness tissue loss with visible fat
What is stage 4 pressure ulcer?
full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, muscle or tendon
What is an unstageable pressure ulcer?
full thickness tissue loss in which the base of the ulcer is covered by slough or eschar in the wound bed.
Lesion configurations: Annular
circular shape i.e. tinea corporis
Lesion configurations: Confluent
lesions that run together
Lesion configurations: Discrete
lesions that are separate and distinct
Lesion configurations: Grouped
lesions that appear in clusters
Lesion configurations: Gyrate
Lesions that are coiled or twisted
Lesion configurations: Target
Lesions with concentric circles of colour
Lesion configurations: Linear
Lesions that appear as a line
Lesion configurations: Polycylic
Lesions that are circular but united i.e. psoriasis
Lesion configurations: Zosteriform
lesions that are arranged in a linear manner along a nerve route
Common Skin Lesions: Tinea
fungal infection affecting the body; lesions may be present as papule, pustules, vesicles or scales
Common Skin Lesions: Measles (Rubeola)
highly contagious viral disease that causes a rash of red to purple macule or papules; rash begins on the face then progresses over the neck, trunk arms and legs; occurs mostly in children
Common Skin Lesions: German Measles (Rubella)
Highly contagious disease caused by a virus; begins as pink, papular rash that is similar to measles but paler; starts at the face like measles; occurs mostly in children
Common Skin Lesions: Chickenpox (Varicella)
mild infectious disease caused by the herpes zoster; groups of small, red, fluid filled vesicles starting on the trunk; occurs mostly in children
Common Skin Lesions: Herpes Simplex
viral infection that causes characteristic lesions on the lips and oral mucosa; occurs on the genitals as well
Common Skin Lesions: Herpes Zoster
eruption of dormant herpes zoster virus; which typically invaded the body during an attack of chickenpox; clusters of small vesicles form on the skin along the route of sensory nerves; causes intense pain and itching; more common in older adults
Common Skin Lesions: Psoriasis
thickening of the skin in dry, silvery, scaly patches; occurs with overproduction of skin cells; may be aggravated by stress; located anywhere on body
Common Skin Lesions: Contact dermatitis
inflammation of the skin caused by an allergy to a substance that comes into contact with the skin; can progress from redness, to hives or scales and itching.
Common Skin Lesions: Eczema
internally provoked inflammation of the skin causing reddened papules and vesicles that ooze, weep and progress to form crusts; usually located on snap, face, elbows, knees, forearms and wrists, causes intense itching.
Common Skin Lesions: Impetigo
bacterial skin infection that usually appears on the skin around the nose and mouth; contagious and common in children; starts as a barely perceptible patch of blisters that breaks, exposing a red, weeping area beneath.
