Module 14: Kingdom Plantae: Anatomy and Classification Flashcards

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1
Q

if a portion of a plant is producing new cells, what type of plant tissue will be in the region

A

meristematic tissue

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2
Q

what do we call the structure that attaches the blade of the leaf to the stem

A

the petiole

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3
Q

in a leaf, what is the function of the palisade mesophyll

A

photosynthesis

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4
Q

in a leaf, what is the function of the spongy mesophyll

A

photosynthesis

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5
Q

in a leaf, what is the function of the epidermis

A

protection

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6
Q

in a leaf, what is the function of the xylem

A

transports water and minerals

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7
Q

in a leaf, what is the function of the phloem

A

transports food and organic substances

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8
Q

in a leaf, what is the function of the chollenchyma

A

support

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9
Q

what controls the opening and closing of the stomata on a leaf

A

the guard cells

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10
Q

why is the bottom of a leaf typically a lighter shade of green than the top of the leaf

A

the spongy mesophyll is on the bottom of the leaf and is a lighter shade of green

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11
Q

name two types of pigments that cause leaves to be a color other than green

A

carotenoids and anthocyanins

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12
Q

if a tree has no abscission layer, will it be deciduous

A

no

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13
Q

where is the abscission layer

A

between the stem and the petiole

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14
Q

name the four regions of a root

A

root cap
meristematic region
elongation region
maturation region

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15
Q

which region of a root contains undifferentiated cells

A

the meristematic region

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16
Q

what allows woody stems to have no limits to their growth, unlike herbaceous stems

A

the cork cambium

17
Q

what is the function of vascular cambium

A

produces new vascular tissue

18
Q

if a stem has cork cambium, is it woody or herbaceous

A

woody

19
Q

what kind of vascular tissue makes up the most of the wood in a woody stem

A

xylem

20
Q

what kind of vascular tissue is found in the inner bark of a woody stem

A

phloem

21
Q

what is the dominant generation in the moss life cycle

A

gametophyte generation

22
Q

a fern has antheridia and archegonia, which part of the fern life cycle is it in

A

gametophyte generation

23
Q

why are plants from phylum Bryophyta relatively small

A

they have no vascular tissue

24
Q

if a 15 foot tall plant has a root system that goes four feet deep, is it a fibrous or taproot system

A

fibrous

25
Q

what are the male and female reproductive organs in a tree from phylum coniferophyta

A

male: pollen cone
female: seed cone

26
Q

what is the fundamental difference between monocots and dicots

A

the number of cotyledons produced in the seed

27
Q

name a difference between monocots and dicots

A

monocots: venation is parallel
dicots: venation is netted

28
Q

a plant produces flowers, which phylum does it belong to

A

anthophyta

29
Q

the study of plants is called

A

botany

30
Q

plants that grow year after year are

A

perennials

31
Q

plants that live for only one year are

A

annuals

32
Q

plants that live for two years are

A

biennials

33
Q

what are the two types of plant organs

A

vegetative and reproductive

34
Q

the primary portion of a leaf is called

A

the blade

35
Q

the very tip of the blade is called

A

the apex

36
Q

what structure in a deciduous tree causes the leaves to die and fall off in the autumn

A

the abscission layer

37
Q

what are anthocyanins, and what do they do to a leaf’s color

A

a group of pigments that can give a leaf a color other than green

38
Q

why is the bark of a tree often cracked

A

the stem grows and breaks the bark when it gets too big

39
Q

if a plants has seed and pollen cones, which phylum does it belong to

A

phylum coniferophyta