Module 13 Flashcards
Ethics
Set of principles that differentiate between right and wrong
Medical Law
Laws that explain the rights and responsibilities of medical providers and patients
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect sensitive patient health information from being disclosed without the patient’s consent or knowledge
Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act
Law that includes provisions that allow for increased enforcement of the privacy and security of electronic transmission of patient information, such as prohibiting the sale of PHI, making business associates and vendors liable for compliance with HIPAA, and creating a penalty and violation system
Controlled Substances Act (CSA)
Statute that identifies all regulated substances into one of five schedules depending on potential for abuse
Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)
Law that requires any hospital emergency department that receives payments from federal health care programs (like Medicare and Medicaid) to provide an appropriate medical screening to any patient seeking treatment
Clinical Laboratories Improvement Amendments (CLIA)
1988 amendment that regulates federal standards that apply to all clinical laboratory testing performed on humans in the US
Title VII of Civil Rights Act of 1964
Law that prohibits an employer with 15 or more employees from discriminating on the basis of race, national origin, gender, or religion
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)
Law that forbids discrimination based on disability
Heads of the European Radiological Protection Competent Authorities (HERCA)
An association which identifies radiation protection issues and proposes possible solutions
Good Samaritan Acts
Law that allows bystanders to get involved in emergency situations without fear that they will be sued if their actions inadvertently contribute to a person’s injury or death
Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA)
Law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of genetic information with respect to health insurance and employment
Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act (PSQIA)
Framework for gathering and analyzing information regarding patient safety within the confines of protected health information laws
Anti-Kick Back Statute (AKBS)
Criminal law that prohibits receiving benefits for referral or business involving federal health care programs
No Surprise Act (NSA)
Law that protects individuals from surprise billing if they have a group health plan or individual health insurance coverage
Subpoena duces tecum
A requirement to bring requested documentation to the court of law when appearing for the summons
Malpractice
Any treatment by a medical professional that does not follow the standards of care
Tort
“Wrong” or a harmful act committed by one individual to another
Implied Consent
Consent granted when a patient assumes the position and allows the medical professional to perform it
Autonomy
The capacity to think, decide, and act on ones own free will and initiative
Informed Consent
An oral or written agreement of mutual communication that ensures the patient has been notified about their health care choices before making them
Negligence
When a patient doesn’t receive adequate and appropriate care, which leads to suffering and harm
Advance Directives
Written statements of a person’s wishes regarding medical treatment, such as a living will
Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR)
An order written in the hospital or on a legal form to communicate the wishes of a patient to not undergo CPR or advanced cardiac life support if the patient’s heart stops or the patient stops breathing
Durable Power of Attorney (DPOA)
A legal document naming the health care agent proxy to make medical decisions for patients when they are not able to do so, in the case they become incapacitated or unable to communicate
Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST)
Type of advance directive, typically reserved for patients who may be near the end of life
