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01 Biology 1 > Module 1.2 - Organelles > Flashcards

Module 1.2 - Organelles Flashcards

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1
Q

Is a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell

A

Organelle

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2
Q

“Little Organs” in the cell

A

Organelle

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3
Q

They are embedded within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

A

Organelle

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4
Q

Major Parts of the Cell

A

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

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5
Q

Also known as plasma membrane, found in all cells and separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment

A

Cell membrane

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6
Q

A cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer that is ____________

A

Semipermeable

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7
Q

It is a part of the cell that regulates the transport of materials in and out it.

A

Cell membrane

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8
Q

What are the properties of the interior and exterior of the phospholipid bilayer

A

Hydrophilic Exterior
Hydrophobic Interior

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9
Q

The gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of the cell

A

Cytoplasm

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10
Q

What is the composition of the cytoplasm?

A

Water, salts, and various organic matter

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11
Q

It is a part of the cell that suspends cell organelles

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q

T or F.
Cytoplasm push against the plasma membrane to help the cell keep its shape.

A

True

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13
Q

T or F.
Cytoplasm provides a site for many of the biochemical reactions of the cell.

A

True

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14
Q

Cytosol vs. Cytoplasm

A

Cytosol is the major component of the Cytoplasm. It consists of irons, small molecures, and macro molecules.

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15
Q

A membrane-bound organelle that containes that cell’s chromosomes

A

Nucleus

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16
Q

Parts of the Nuclues

A

Nuclear Membrane
Nucleuplasm
Nucleolus

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17
Q

Also called nuclear envelope, composed of phospholipid bilayer with numerous pores.

A

Nuclear membrane

18
Q

Located inside the nucleus, site of transcription and processing of the ribosomal gene

A

Nucleolus

19
Q

Another term of neucleoplasm

A

Karyoplasm / necleus sap

20
Q

Helps cushion and protect the nucleolus and chromosomes, and helps in maintaining the general shape of the nucleus

A

Nucleoplasm

21
Q

2 different types of ERs

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

22
Q

____________ is a plasma membrane found inside the cell that folds in on itself to create on internal space known as _____________

A

Endoplasmic reticulum,
lumen

23
Q

The endoplasmic reticulum is found in the ____________

A

Nuclear envelope

24
Q

A type of ER that makes lipids and steroids. It is also plays an important role in energy storage, membrane structure, and communication. Lastly, it is also responsible for detoxifying the cell.

A

Smooth ER

25
Q

A type of ER that is involved in protein synthesis. Proteins made in this ER as destined to either be part of the cell membrane, or to be secreted from the cell membrane out of the cell.

A

Rough ER

26
Q

It helps cells specialize and allows for greater complexity in the organism

A

Rough ER

27
Q

A part of the cell that is responsible for packing proteins from the RER into membrane-bound vesicles then translocate to the cell membrane.

A

Golgi Apparatus

28
Q

The cells recycling center

A

Lysosome

29
Q

These organelles are spheres full of enzymes ready to hydrolize whatever substance crosses the membrane, so the cell can reuse the raw material

A

Lysosome

30
Q

A spherical organelle responsible for destroying its contents

A

Peroxisome

31
Q

_____________ is the site of fatty acid breakdown

A

Peroxisome

32
Q

The cell’s power producer

A

Mitochondria

33
Q

_____________ converts energy into forms that are usable by the cell and is the site for cellular respiration which ultimately generates fuel for the cell’s activities.

A

Mitochondria

34
Q

Network of protein fibers; responsible for cell movement stability

A

Cytoskeleton

35
Q

A component of a cytoskeleton that is involved in cell movement and provide pathways for secretory vesicles and involved in cell division

A

Microtubules

36
Q

A component of a cytoskeleton that help provide structure to the nuclear envelope and anchor organelles

A

Intermediate Filaments

37
Q

A component of a cytoskeleton that give shape to the cell and support all its internal parts

A

Microfilaments

38
Q

These are molecular machines resposible for protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

39
Q

Made out of RNA and proteins, each _______________ consists of two separate RNA-protein complexes

A

Ribosome

40
Q

A cylinder of nine triplets of microtubules, held together by supporting proteins

A

Centriole

41
Q

Structures that act as microtubule organizing centers in animal cells

A

Centrosome

01 Biology 1 (2 decks)

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