Module 12: Digestive system Flashcards
1
Q
cheilo
A
lip
2
Q
gingivo
A
gum
3
Q
glosso
A
tongue
4
Q
linguo
A
tongue
5
Q
oro
A
mouth
6
Q
palato
A
roof of the mouth; palate
7
Q
pyloro
A
pylorus, pyloric sphincter
8
Q
sialo
A
saliva, salivary gland
9
Q
stomato
A
mouth
10
Q
uvulo
A
soft mass that hangs from roof of back of mouth; uvula
11
Q
entero
A
intestines - small intestines
12
Q
duodeno
A
first part of the small intestine, duodenum
13
Q
jejuno
A
second part of the small intestines; jejunum
14
Q
ileo
A
third part of the small intestines; ileum
15
Q
ceco
A
first part of the large intestine cecum
16
Q
appendico
A
appendix
17
Q
appendo
A
appendix
18
Q
colo
A
second part of large intestine; colon
19
Q
colono
A
second part of large intestine; colon
20
Q
sigmoido
A
sigmoid colon
21
Q
procto
A
third part of the large intestine; rectum
22
Q
recto
A
third part of the large intestine; rectum
23
Q
ano
A
anus
24
Q
abdomino
A
abdomen, abdominal cavity
25
celio
abdominal
26
peritoneo
membrane lining the abdominal cavity; peritoneum
27
cholangio
bile duct
28
cholecysto
gallbladder
29
choledocho
common bile duct
30
pancreato
pancreas
31
chole
gall, bile
32
diverticulo
blind pouch extending from a hollow organ: diverticulum
33
polypo
small growth that extends from mucous membrane; polyp
34
dia-
through
35
hemi-
half
36
-dynia
pain
37
-emesis
vomiting
38
-pepsia
digestion
39
abdominal
pertaining to the abdomen
40
gastric
pertaining to the stomach
41
gingival
pertaining to the gums
42
lingual
pertaining to the tongue
43
nasogastric
pertaining to the nose and stomach
44
oral
pertaining to the mouth
45
pancreatic
pertaining to the pancreas
46
peritoneal
pertaining to the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
47
sublingual
pertaining to under the tongue
48
duodenal
pertaining to the first part of the small intestine (duodenum)
49
jejunal
pertaining to the second part of the small intestine (jejunum)
50
ileal
pertaining to the third part of the small intestine (ileum)
51
ileocecal
pertaining to the ileum and cecum
52
cecal
pertaining to the cecum
53
appendiceal
pertaining to the appendix
54
colorectal
pertaining to the colon and rectum
55
rectal
pertaining to the rectum
56
anal
pertaining to the anus
57
aphagia
inability to swallow
58
dysphagia
difficult swallowing
59
hematemesis
vomiting of blood
60
hyperemesis
excessive vomiting
61
dyspepsia
difficult digestion
62
dyspeptic
pertaining to difficult digestion
63
eupepsia
normal digestion
64
diarrhea
frequent discharge of liquid stool
65
gastralgia
pain in the stomach
66
glossodynia
pain in the tongue
67
rectalgia
pain in the rectum
68
stomatodynia
mouth pain
69
cheilitis
inflammation of the lip
70
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
71
glossitis
inflammation of the tongue
72
sialoadenitis
inflammation of a salivary gland
73
sialolith
stone in the salivary gland
74
sialolithiasis
condition of a stone in a salivary gland
75
stomatitis
inflammation of the oral cavity
76
stomatomycosis
fungal condition of the mouth
77
uvulitis
inflammation of the uvula
78
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix
79
colitis
inflammation of the colon
80
diverticulitis
inflammation of the diverticula
81
diverticulosis
abnormal condition of having diverticula
82
enteritis
inflammation of the intestines
83
enteropathy
disease of intestine
84
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
85
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
86
gastroenterocolitis
inflammation of the stomach, intestines and colon
87
polyposis
abnormal condition of polyps (tumor-like growth extending from mucous membrane)
88
proctitis
inflammation of the rectum
89
rectocele
protrusion of the rectum
90
cholangioma
tumor of the bile duct
91
cholangitis
inflammation of the bile duct
92
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
93
choledocholithiasis
condition of stones in the common bile duct
94
cholelithiasis
condition of gallstones
95
hepatocarcinoma
cancerous tumor of the liver
96
hepatoma
tumor of the liver
97
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
98
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
99
anoscopy
process of visual examination of the anus
100
colonoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the colon
101
colonoscopy
visual examination of the colon
102
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
103
gastroscope
instrument used for visual examination of the stomach
104
gastroscopy
visual examination of the stomach
105
proctoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the rectum
106
proctoscopy
visual examination of the rectum
107
sigmoidoscopy
visual examination of the sigmoid colon
108
abdominal sonography
ultrasound test of the abdominal cavity in which the size and structure of organs can be visualized
109
cholangiogram
x-ray film of bile ducts
110
cholangiography
radiographic imaging of the bile ducts
111
cholangiopancreatography
process of x-ray filming the bile duct and pancreatic duct
112
esophagogram
radiographic image of the esophagus
113
appendectomy
excision of the appendix
114
colectomy
excision of the colon
115
colostomy
artificial opening through the abdominal wall into the colon
116
gastrectomy
surgical removal of the stomach
117
gastrojejunostomy
creation of an artificial opening between stomach and jejunum
118
gastroplasty
surgical repair of the stomach
119
gastrostomy
creation of artificial opening thru abdominal wall into stomach
120
hemicolectomy
excision of half of the colon
121
ileostomy
creation of artificial opening through abdominal wall into ileum
122
pyloromyotomy
incision into the pylorus muscle
123
pyloroplasty
surgical repair of the pylorus
124
diverticulectomy
excision of a diverticulum
125
polypectomy
excision of a polyp
126
cheiloplasty
surgical repair of the lip
127
esophagogastroplasty
surgical repair of the esophagus and the stomach
128
gingivectomy
surgical removal of gum tissue
129
gingivoplasty
surgical repair of the gum tissue
130
glossoplasty
surgical repair of the tongue
131
glossorrhaphy
suturing of the tongue
132
palatoplasty
surgical repair of the palate
133
uvulectomy
excision of the uvula
134
uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
surgical repair of the uvula, palate, and pharynx
135
abdominocentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from abdominal cavity
136
abdominoplasty
surgical repair of the abdomen
137
cholecystectomy
excision of the gallbladder
138
choledocholithotomy
incision into the common bile duct to remove a stone
139
cholelithotripsy
surgical crushing of a gall stone
140
pancreatectomy
surgical removal of the pancreas
141
gastroenterologist
specialist who cares for patients with diseases of the stomach and intestines
142
gastroenterology
study of diseases of stomach and intestines
143
proctologist
physician who specializes in proctology
144
proctology
branch of medically concerned disorders of the rectum and anus
145
hematochezia
passage of blood feces
146
jaundice
yellowing of skin due to excess bilirubin
147
ascites
abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
148
celiac disease
autoimmune disease of malabsorption caused by an immune reaction to gluten which may damage the lining of the small intestine
149
cirrhosis
chronic disease of liver with gradual destruction of cells
150
Crohn disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and colon
151
duodenal ulcer
ulcer in the duodenum
152
dysentery
disorder of inflammation of intestine associated with diarrhea & abdominal pain
153
gastric ulcer
ulcer in the stomach
154
gastroesophageal reflux disease
abnormal backward flow of stomach contents into esophagus
155
hemorrhoid
varicose vein in the rectal area, which may be internal or external
156
ileus
bowel obstruction caused by failure of peristalsis
157
intussusception
bowel obstruction of telescoping of a segment of the intestine
158
irritable bowel syndrome
periodic disturbances of bowel function, such as diarrhea and/or constipation
159
peptic ulcer
another name for gastric or duodenal ulcer
160
ulcerative colitis
inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers that produces bloody diarrhea
161
volvulus
bowel obstruction of twisting or kinking of the intestine
162
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
radiographic examination of biliary duct and pancreatic ducts with contrast media using an endoscope
163
endoscopic ultrasound
procedure using an endoscope fitted with an ultrasound probe that provides images of layers of intestinal wall
164
enema
introduction of fluids/medications into rectum and large intestine
165
fecal occult blood test
a test to detect occult blood in feces. It is used to screen for colon cancer or polyps.
166
barium enema
series of x-ray images taken of the large intestine after a barium enema has been administered [also called upper GI series]
167
upper GI series
series x-ray films-of the stomach & duodenum after swallowing barium [also called barium swallow]
168
anastomosis
surgical connection between two normally distinct structures
169
bariatric surgery
surgical reduction of gastric capacity to treat morbid obesity
170
capsule endoscopy
visual examination of a hollow organ with the use of a capsule that is swallowed
171
gastric lavage
washing out of the stomach
172
hemorrhoidectomy
excision of hemorrhoids, the varicose veins in the rectal region
173
adhesion
abnormal growing together of two surfaces that are normally separated
174
emesis
expelling matter from the stomach through the mouth
175
feces
waste from the digestive tract expelled thru the rectum
176
flatus
gas in digestive tract or expelled through the anus
177
malabsorption
impaired digestion or intestinal absorption of nutrients
178
melena
black, tarry stool that contains digested blood; usually a result of bleeding the upper GI tract
179
nausea
urge to vomit
180
obesity
excess of body fat (not body weight)
181
peristalsis
wavelike movements of intestines
182
peritoneum
membranes which covers abdominal organs and line the abdomen
183
polyp
tumor like growth extending outward from a mucous membrane
184
reflux
return of flow
185
stoma
surgical opening between an organ and the surface of the body
186
vomiting
matter expelled from the stomach thru the mouth (same as emesis)
187
BM
bowel movement
188
BMI
body mass index
189
C&S
culture and sensitivity
190
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
191
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux
disease
192
GI
gastrointestinal
193
NPO
nothing by mouth
194
p.o. (per os)
by mouth
195
PR
per rectum
196
supp
suppository
