Module 10 Flashcards
business analytics (BA)
The process of analyzing data to evaluate a company’s operations
computer aided design (CAD)
A general term applied to the use of computer technology to automate design functions.
data warehouse
A comprehensive collection of data about a company and its customers.
geographic information system (GIS)
An information system that combines geographic information with other types of data (such as information about customers, sales, and so forth) in order to provide a better understanding of the relationships among the data.
mamagement information system (MIS)
A type of information system that provides decision makers with preselected information that can be used to make middle-management decisions.
neural network
An expert system in which the human brain’s pattern-recognition process is emulated by the computer system.
robot
A device, controlled by a human operator or a computer, that can move and react to sensory input.
system development life cycle (SDLC)
The process consisting of the six phases of system development: preliminary investigation, system analysis, system design, system acquisition, system implementation, and system maintenance.
systems analyst
A person who studies systems in an organization in order to determine what work needs to be done and how this work may best be achieved.
transaction processing system (TPS)
A type of information system that processes and records data created by an organization’s business transactions.
system
a collection of elements and procedures that work together to accomplish a goal
information system (IS)
system used to generate the information needed to support the users in an organization
digital ecosystem
the collection of people, products, services, and business processes related to a digital element
components of an information system
people, hardware, software, data, and procedures
systems development
the process of designing and implementing a new or modified system
enterprise architecture
provides a detailed picture of an organization, its functions, its systems, and the relationship among them
business intelligence (BI)
the process of gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing data to make better business decisions
data mining
the use of intelligent software to find subtle patterns that may not otherwise be evident
enterprise system
used through an entire enterprise, inter-enterprise used by multiple enterprises
office system
facilitates communications and enhances productivity
document processing systems
hardware and software used to create electronic documents
Document management systems (DMSs)
store, organize, and retrieve electronic documents
Content management systems (CMSs)
DMSs that also include multimedia files, images, and other content
communication systems
allow business employees to communicate with each other, business partners, and customers
Transaction processing systems (TPSs)
process and record data created by an organization’s business transactions
order entry systems
type of TPSs like e-commerce and point of sale systems
payroll systems
used to compute employees taxes, deductions, and pay
accounting systems
accounts receivable, payable, and general ledger systems
Management information systems (MISs)
provide decision makers with regular, routine, and timely information that’s used to make decisions
Decision support systems (DSSs)
used by middle and executive managers to make unstructured decisions
Electronic data interchange (EDI)
transfer of data between different companies using the internet or another network
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
large integrated system that ties together all of a business’s activities
inventory management system
track and manage inventory
Product lifecycle management (PLM) systems
manage a system through its entire lifecycle, from design to retirement
Computer aided manufacturing (CAM)
use of computer technology to automate manufacturing processes; 3d printing applications
Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems
includes a computer that uses AI to perform actions that are characteristic of human intelligence
Intelligent Agents (virtual assistants and smart assistants)
perform specific tasks to help make a users work environment more efficient or entertaining
expert systems
provide the type of advice that would be expected from a human expert; 2 main components: knowledge base-database of facts and rules provided by human experts, inference engine-applies rules to data stored in knowledge base to reach decisions
Information systems (IS) department
aka IT department, responsible for an organization’s computers, systems, and other technology
outsourcing
hiring outside vendors to perform specific business tasks; offshoring, nearshoring, homesourcing, and crowdsourcing
preliminary investigation
feasibility study performed to assess whether or not a full-scale project should be undertaken
system analysis
examines the current system and identified problems
system design
specifies what the new system will look like and how it will work
system acquisition
the system analyst determines where to obtain the necessary hardware, software, and other system components
benchmark tests
help evaluate and compare proposed solutions
system implementation
the new system is installed, tested, and made operational
system maintenance
ongoing process of identifying glitches and updating
traditional system development
SDLC steps are carried out in the traditional order
prototyping
a small model or prototype of the system is built before the full-scale development effort is undertaken
end-user development approach
user is primarily responsible for the development of the system
T/F: Executive managers tend to make highly unstructured decisions.
true
T/F: A decision support system would most likely be used by a nonmanagement worker.
false
T/F: An expert system is an example of an office system.
false
T/F: Assigning business tasks to an external company is referred to as outsourcing.
true
T/F: Users are only involved in the system development life cycle if the end-user approach is being used.
false
The software program used in an expert system in conjunction with the knowledge base to reach decisions is called the ______.
inference engine
A(n) _____ is the computer professional who is most involved in the system development process.
systems analyst
Benefits that are easy to quantify in dollars are called _____benefits.
tangible
A(n) _____ is a model of a system that is built during systems development.
prototype
Match each term with its description, and write the corresponding number in the blank to the left of each description.
- Used to store, organize, and retrieve electronic documents.
- The process of gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing data in order to make better business decisions.
- Used to provide upper managers with the information they need to make decisions.
- DSS
- DMS
- BI
- Used to store, organize, and retrieve electronic documents.
- DMS
- The process of gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing data in order to make better business decisions.
- DSS
- Used to provide upper managers with the information they need to make decisions.
- BI
A system containing knowledge from medical experts that is used to help diagnose patients would be a type of ___________.
a. neural network
b. natural language system
c. expert system
c. expert system
True or False: An order-entry system would be classified as a management information system.
false
A(n) _________ is a device, controlled by a human, that can move and react to sensory input.
robot
The first step of the system development life cycle is to __________.
a. design the system
b. perform a preliminary investigation
c. implement the system
b. perform a preliminary investigation
True or False: The traditional approach to systems development also is referred to as the waterfall model.
true
A test used to evaluate or measure a systems performance is called a(n) __________.
benchmark test
Which term refers to outsourcing work to another country?
a. benchmarking
b. ofshoring
c. prototyping
b. offshoring
True or False: The IT worker who codes computer programs is known as the computer operator.
false
The IT employee most involved with system development is the __________.
systems analyst
