Module 10

Question 1

glaciofluvial deposits

Answer 1

proglacial field will have braided streams with sand and gravel deposits. glacially fed rivers

Question 2

what are lots of ground water aquifers near the surface deposited by?

Answer 2

glaciers

Question 3

examples of glacofluvial deposits

Answer 3

Iceland, NW Scotland

Question 4

glaciolacustrine deposits

Answer 4

lakes common on the margins of glaciers that are fed by meltwater. they ave low permeability and are aquitards

Question 5

why is the groundwater in canada highly reliant on glaciation

Answer 5

most of canada has undergone glaciation

Question 6

unconfined aquifer

Answer 6

no impermeable layer on top, and direct vertical hydrological connection to the surface

Question 7

confined aquifer

Answer 7

impermeable layer on top of the aquifer, so no direct vertical connection to the surface

Question 8

suspended sediments

Answer 8

particulates that are within water bodies. can include soil, algae, and plankton. impacts the quality of water

Question 9

pollution

Answer 9

“soil” or”defile”. considered polluted if unusable for a purpose

Question 10

total dissolved solids (TDS)

Answer 10

amount of inorganic and organic particles that are dissolved in water. can be used as an indicator of water quality (mg/L usually)

Question 11

surface runoff

Answer 11

water flowing on the surface that will eventually reach a body of water. it currently can’t infiltrate down, or the rate is too slow.

Question 12

point source pollution

Answer 12

discharges through a discrete identifiable location. easy to evaluate

Question 13

nonpoint source pollution

Answer 13

cannot link to a single source, comes from a wider area. broad diffuse sources. difficult to identify and quantify

Question 14

diffuse pollution examples

Answer 14

lake Ontario and lake Erie being polluted by factories and farm runoff

Question 15

what did ontarios greenbelt policy do

Answer 15

it established an ecological safety net by protecting greenspace. the Oak Ridges moraine is a part of it

Question 16

what is on top of the oak ridges moraine

Answer 16

kettle holes from glacial movement

Question 17

what would be the best site for a future landfill

Answer 17

thick, fine-grain sediment - low permeability so that pollution won’t leak into aquifers for a long time. These sediments would include, tills and clay with no fractures

Question 18

water scarcity

Answer 18

the point at which the total impact of all users affects the quantity or quality of water under prevailing institutional arrangements to the extent that the demand by all sectors cannot be satisfied fully.

Question 19

why is scarcity a social construct or the consequence of altered supply patterns stemming from climate change

Answer 19

how much water do companies need, and what is considered essential. humancentric, as it is only a concern for the demand of people