Module 1 Week 1 Flashcards
Why does backend development pay more than front end development?
Because it requires more set up, configuration, resources, and IT structural knowledge.
Full stack developers must have a solid grasp of…
Planning, architecture, design, development, deployment, and maintenance.
Examples of soft skills include…
Communication and listening to understand, not just respond.
Backend developers build the schema. What is the schema?
A representation of a plan or theory in the form of an outline or model.
True or false? Backend developers build the architecture of how data is used.
True
What are the two types of networks?
Wired and wireless
Can network switches connect to other network switches?
Yes
What is a web server?
A computer that runs applications and service ranging from websites to instant messaging.
Why do they get the name servers?
Because they provide a service to another computer and it’s user (also known as the client)
Where and how are servers stored?
In data centers with hundreds to thousands of other servers.
What is the roll of a data center?
To ensure servers have continuous power, continuous internet connection, and are kept cool 24 hours a day.
Servers are built based on what?
The purpose they serve
Servers for only storing images would most likely have what?
A lot of hard drive space
Servers for computing complex calculations would most likely have what?
A fast processor and a lot of memory
The physical components of a server are called what?
Server hardware
The code that runs on server hardware is called what?
Software
The functions of a web server are…
Website storage & administration, data storage, security, managing email. and handling web requests.
When you type a website into your browser it is the web servers job to respond with the contents of that website. What is this called?
The request-response cycle
Web servers are designed to…
Respond to thousands of requests by clients per second
A webpage is…
A document that displays images, text, videos, and other content in the web browser.
A website is…
A collection of webpages that are linked together.
How many years would it takes to download all the webpages on the internet with our current speed?
3,000,000 years
True or false? All the billions of webpages rely on the same core technologies.
True
A webpage is what in its most basic form?
A text document
What does html do?
It structures the content we see
What does css do?
Controls the colors and style
JavaScript is responsible for what?
The user interaction
What does html stand for?
Hypertext Markup Language
How does html work?
By using markup tags, and the tags describe the content displayed in the browser window.
Html is made up of…
Headings, paragraphs, images, and multimedia elements like audio and video.
The way html describes content is known as what?
Markup
What does CSS stand for?
Cascading Style Sheets
CSS is commonly known as what?
Styling
What does CSS do?
Enhances html elements by telling them how to display.
What is JavaScript?
A programming language built into web browsers.
What does JavaScript do?
Provides web developers with tools for interactivity, data processing, control, and action.
A couple examples of JavaScript in action are…
A website telling you your login information is wrong and a video website updating in real time.
How is each line of code processed?
In sequential order.
When code is processed first to last like building blocks. The process is known as…
Page rendering
True or false? The response from the web server must be a complete webpage in order to fulfill the request and show the page in the browser.
True
A web browser is…
A software application used to browse the world wide web
URL stand for what?
Uniform Resource Locator
What does the URL contain?
The HTTP protocol, the domain name, and the file path.
The browser and sever communicate using what?
HTTP
What is web hosting?
A service where you place your website and files and the hosting company’s web server. Essentially renting the space for stables and secure storage.
What are the four kinds of web hosting?
Shared hosting, Virtual Private hosting, Dedicated hosting, and Cloud hosting.
What is the cheapest way of web hosting?
Shared hosting
How does Shared hosting work?
By renting a location on a web server containing many web hosting accounts. Meaning you share the servers processing power, memory, and bandwidth with other websites which can slow your performance.
Who is Shared hosting a good option for?
Small websites with a small amount of users and those looking for a low cost way to launch a website and play around with it.
What is a Virtual Private Server (VPS)?
A Virtual Server with dedicated CPU, Memory, and Bandwidth resources.
How does a VPS work?
Shared with other account but uses fixed resources for each account so your website is unlikely going to be impacted by the performance of others.
What is Dedicated hosting?
A hardware server for personal use.
What’s the benefit of using Dedicated hosting?
All CPU, Memory, and Bandwidth resources are yours to use.
Cloud Hosting is…
When your website runs in the cloud environment which spans across multiple physical and virtual servers. Causing your website to jump to another server if one fails.
The benefits of cloud hosting are…
You can use as many resources as you need without hardware limitations, you pay based on resource used, and allows you to scale your website as popularity grows.
Many major web applications operate using what kind of hosting?
Cloud Hosting
What is web acceleration?
When a server caches commonly requested content to speed up its delivery.
True or false? A web server can also be used to communicate between web clients and servers in local area networks such as a company’s intranet.
True
What does HTTP do?
Defines how text, images, and videos are transmitted on the web.
Web standards are…
Browsers operating identical enough to provide content in a similar fashion.
A rendering engine is used by the browser to…
Translate data into texts and images
What are hyperlinks?
URLs embedded into a webpage
URL is also known as what?
The web address
How do websites save information about you?
With cookies
We can modify our browsers using…
Extensions and add-ons
The internet is…
A whole bunch of computer networks connected to each other.
The first network experiment in the 1960s wasn’t about communication. It was about…
Optimizing processor usage, or time-sharing, so scientists could share computer power.
Our only source of computing before the 1960s was…
Mainframes
What allowed mainframes to start processing more than one task at a time?
Time-Sharing
What was the benefit of time-sharing?
It allowed multiple scientists to use a mainframes computing power at the same time.
Who came up with packet switching?
The British
Packet switching was revolutionary because…
It helped avoid congestion in busy networks by cutting up data at one end and putting it back together at the other.
The term internet was thought to be born when…
The French were working on a scientific network called CYCLADES and decide to work on direct connections between computers, as opposed to working on gateway computers.
What forms the basic communication language of the internet
TCP/IP protocols
What does the TCP/IP protocol do?
Labels the packets of data to make sure even though some pieces of data take a different route, they all arrive at their destinations and can be reassembled.
What year did networks begin to really communicate with each other?
- Arguably the beginning of the internet.
Email was developed for ARPANET in what year?
1972
The internet was mostly what in 1976?
Email traffic
Who invented the interface using HTTP, HTML and URLs that made internet browsers possible?
Timothy Berners Lee
Why did Timothy Berners Lee develop his interface
While spending time with LERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, he wanted to manage the scientists information and make it possible for them to share and interconnect their work easily, making progress more likely.
When was the first website created on the World Wide Web and by who?
1991 by Timothy Berners Lee
What year did the internet spread enough to become workable by the masses
1995
Who invented the internet?
Not one person in particular. It was many cool inventions that came together over time and helped create what we know today as the internet.
What engine does the chrome browser use?
The Blink Engine.
What is a browser engine (layout or rendering engine) ?
A core software component of every major web browser that’s used to transform html documents and other resources of a webpage into an interactive virtual representation on a users device.
A browser engine also…
Enforces the security policy between documents, handles navigation through hyperlinks and data submitted through forms, and implements the document object model (DOM) data structure exposed to page scripts.
The browser engine works in concert with…
The JavaScript engine
How a computer sends and receives data is similar to what?
The postal system
What makes it possible to send data across the internet?
Internet Protocol (IP) addresses
IP addresses function like…
Addresses in a postal system
Computers are…
Destinations that request and receive data
Networks are…
Routes that requested data travels across
IP version 4
192.0.2.235
IP version 6
4527:0a00:1567:0200:ff00:0042:8329:326b
Data is sent across a network as…
A series of messages called IP packets, also known as data grams.
High level IP packets contain…
A header and data. Just like an envelope has an address and a letter. As well as return addresses
Just like letters. IP packets can be delivered…
Out of order, damaged, or can become lost.
To solve delivery problems with IP packets…
The payload part of the packet contains other protocols. These are an extra message within the payload of an IP packet.
The two most common protocols used with IP are
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
TCP solves
IP packets becoming lost, damaged, or delivered out of order with the cost of a small delay when sending data.