module 1 vocab Flashcards
map
a two-dimentional visual representation of a geographical area
Cartographer
someone who makes maps
Data aggregation
gathering large amounts of information and summarizing it for the purpose of analysis.
Spatial perspective
a geographic outlook that seeks to identify and explain the uses of space
Spatial patterns
the placement or arrangement of of objects on earth’s surface
Time-distance decay
close things are more related than distant things. Interaction between two places
Map symbols
arrows, dots, and lines that represent something
Legend
explains the meanings of symbols and colors (often in a corner)
Compass rose
shows the orientation and absolute direction. Often indicates a reference map
Absolute direction-
the geographical direction of something (Ex: North)
Map scale
What distance a unit on the map represents.
Scale
how much detail the map has depending on how large the scale.
Absolute distance
the distance that can be measured with a standard unit of length
Relative distance
the level of social, cultural, or economic similarity between places regardless of their absolute distance. Depends on perspective.
Relative direction-
direction that depends on perspective.
Elevation
the distance above sea level
Isoline or Isopleth map
each line represents a different measurement.
Topographic map
shows height or how far above/below places are
Reference map
emphasize geographic location. Focus on things like rivers, roads, and boundaries
Thematic map
focus on a single attribute/topic. Focused on people opposed to a place.
Choropleth map
use color to display information, most common
Cartogram
shows population
Graduated circle map
even more ability to display information than dot density. Bigger circles that convey more information.
Dot density or dot distribution map
uses dots to show where things are located, better with small pieces of information
Map projection
represents the surface of Earth or a celestial sphere on a 2D surface
Mercator projection
Greenland is stretched, Made in 1500’s
Peters Projection
stretched the center and shrunk the top, wanted to better represent where people live. Made in the 1970’s.
Goode Homolosine Projection
divided it into segments. Also made in 1970’s
polar projection
focuses on water and accurate Antarctica. Helpful for pilots to show the shortest distance. No focus on the equator.
Robinson Projection
Stretched horizontally. Smacks you with information. Also 1970’s
